Question 1

The average 2-year-old needs _____ to _____ hours of sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)  16; 18 
B)  14; 15 
C)  12; 13 
D)  10; 11 
A)  16; 18 
B)  14; 15 
C)  12; 13 
D)  10; 11 B

Question 2

One way of understanding perceptual development is to think of it as a built-in tendency to seek

Accepted Answer

A)  risk. 
B)  novelty. 
C)  order. 
D)  change. 
A)  risk. 
B)  novelty. 
C)  order. 
D)  change. C

Question 3

Research indicates that around 7 to 9 months, infants

Accepted Answer

A)  detect when words are deliberately mispronounced. 
B)  begin to divide the speech stream into wordlike structures. 
C)  become sensitive to syllable stress patterns in their own language. 
D)  detect words that start with weak syllables. 
A)  detect when words are deliberately mispronounced. 
B)  begin to divide the speech stream into wordlike structures. 
C)  become sensitive to syllable stress patterns in their own language. 
D)  detect words that start with weak syllables. B

Question 4

Six-month-old Luka's weight, height, and head circumference are substantially below age-related growth norms. Luka is withdrawn and apathetic. A disturbed parent-infant relationship contributed to Luka's failure to grow normally. Luka most likely suffers from

Accepted Answer

A)  growth faltering. 
B)  malnutrition. 
C)  marasmus. 
D)  food insecurity. 
A)  growth faltering. 
B)  malnutrition. 
C)  marasmus. 
D)  food insecurity.

Question 5

In classical conditioning, if a conditioned stimulus is presented alone enough times, without being paired with the unconditioned stimulus, _________ occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation 
B)  extinction 
C)  imitation 
D)  recovery 
A)  habituation 
B)  extinction 
C)  imitation 
D)  recovery

Question 6

Zahara, age 3 months, is painfully thin. Her mother is too malnourished to produce enough breast milk and the supply of formula is inadequate for bottle-feeding. Zahara is probably in danger of dying from

Accepted Answer

A)  marasmus. 
B)  growth faltering. 
C)  kwashiorkor. 
D)  nonorganic failure to thrive. 
A)  marasmus. 
B)  growth faltering. 
C)  kwashiorkor. 
D)  nonorganic failure to thrive.

Question 7

Five-month-old Raelle can be expected to ______________ when an object is moved beyond her reach.

Accepted Answer

A)  extend one arm rather than both 
B)  reduce her efforts 
C)  revert to prereaching 
D)  increase her efforts 
A)  extend one arm rather than both 
B)  reduce her efforts 
C)  revert to prereaching 
D)  increase her efforts

Question 8

As early as 3 months, infants prefer and more easily discriminate among

Accepted Answer

A)  male adults than boys. 
B)  female faces than male faces. 
C)  members of other races than members of their own race. 
D)  unfamiliar faces than familiar faces. 
A)  male adults than boys. 
B)  female faces than male faces. 
C)  members of other races than members of their own race. 
D)  unfamiliar faces than familiar faces.

Question 9

Considering the average growth norms, which child will probably be the smallest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Timmy, a Caucasian-American boy 
B)  June, an African-American girl 
C)  Freddy, an African-American boy 
D)  Kim, an Asian boy 
A)  Timmy, a Caucasian-American boy 
B)  June, an African-American girl 
C)  Freddy, an African-American boy 
D)  Kim, an Asian boy

Question 10

Garrett, 2 months, is an enthusiastic eater who nurses vigorously and gains weight quickly. Garrett's mom, Christine, is concerned that Garrett might be at risk of being permanently overweight. You can advise Christine that

Accepted Answer

A)  most chubby babies will continue to gain weight during toddlerhood and the preschool years. 
B)  there is no evidence that rapid weight gain in infancy is related to later obesity. 
C)  she should start supplementing Garrett's diet with cereal. 
D)  breastfeeding for the first six months is associated with a leaner body build through early childhood. 
A)  most chubby babies will continue to gain weight during toddlerhood and the preschool years. 
B)  there is no evidence that rapid weight gain in infancy is related to later obesity. 
C)  she should start supplementing Garrett's diet with cereal. 
D)  breastfeeding for the first six months is associated with a leaner body build through early childhood.

Question 11

One-year-old Manny pulls up an individual blade of grass. He is probably using

Accepted Answer

A)  the pincer grasp. 
B)  prereaching. 
C)  gross-motor skills. 
D)  the ulnar grasp. 
A)  the pincer grasp. 
B)  prereaching. 
C)  gross-motor skills. 
D)  the ulnar grasp.

Question 12

Alexia was born with cataracts in both eyes. What can you tell her parents about when she should have corrective surgery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexia should wait to have corrective surgery until adulthood when her eyes are fully mature. 
B)  Alexia should not have corrective surgery during the first six months of life because her vision would be severely and permanently impaired. 
C)  The longer cataract surgery is postponed beyond infancy, the less complete Alexia's recovery in visual skills. 
D)  Alexia should wait until later in childhood to have corrective surgery because there are no sensitive periods in visual development. 
A)  Alexia should wait to have corrective surgery until adulthood when her eyes are fully mature. 
B)  Alexia should not have corrective surgery during the first six months of life because her vision would be severely and permanently impaired. 
C)  The longer cataract surgery is postponed beyond infancy, the less complete Alexia's recovery in visual skills. 
D)  Alexia should wait until later in childhood to have corrective surgery because there are no sensitive periods in visual development.

Question 13

In cultures where parent-child cosleeping is widespread,

Accepted Answer

A)  the rate infant mortality from SIDS is high. 
B)  parents and infants usually sleep on soft mattresses. 
C)  infants often sleep in a cradle or hammock next to the parents' bed. 
D)  infants tend to lie on their stomach or side facing the mother. 
A)  the rate infant mortality from SIDS is high. 
B)  parents and infants usually sleep on soft mattresses. 
C)  infants often sleep in a cradle or hammock next to the parents' bed. 
D)  infants tend to lie on their stomach or side facing the mother.

Question 14

If growth faltering is corrected in infancy, most babies

Accepted Answer

A)  remain small. 
B)  show lasting cognitive difficulties. 
C)  show quick catch-up growth. 
D)  show lasting emotional difficulties. 
A)  remain small. 
B)  show lasting cognitive difficulties. 
C)  show quick catch-up growth. 
D)  show lasting emotional difficulties.

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true about breastfeeding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human milk is lower in fat and higher in protein than the milk of other mammals. 
B)  A mother who breastfeeds needs to add solid foods to her infant's diet around 4 months. 
C)  Breastfed babies suffer from more gastrointestinal problems than bottle-fed infants. 
D)  Breastfed infants generally accept new solid foods more easily than bottle-fed infants. 
A)  Human milk is lower in fat and higher in protein than the milk of other mammals. 
B)  A mother who breastfeeds needs to add solid foods to her infant's diet around 4 months. 
C)  Breastfed babies suffer from more gastrointestinal problems than bottle-fed infants. 
D)  Breastfed infants generally accept new solid foods more easily than bottle-fed infants.

Question 16

Experience-expectant brain growth

Accepted Answer

A)  is a result of specific learning experiences that vary widely across cultures. 
B)  usually occurs later than experience-dependent brain growth. 
C)  occurs naturally as caregivers engage babies in enjoyable daily routines. 
D)  provides mastery of skills that depend on extensive training. 
A)  is a result of specific learning experiences that vary widely across cultures. 
B)  usually occurs later than experience-dependent brain growth. 
C)  occurs naturally as caregivers engage babies in enjoyable daily routines. 
D)  provides mastery of skills that depend on extensive training.

Question 17

When measuring brain functioning with _____________, researchers use a geodesic sensor net to hold interconnected electrodes in place.

Accepted Answer

A)  the EEG 
B)  fMRI 
C)  PET 
D)  NIRS 
A)  the EEG 
B)  fMRI 
C)  PET 
D)  NIRS

Question 18

Between ages _____ and _____, napping subsides.

Accepted Answer

A)  1; 3 
B)  2; 4 
C)  3; 5 
D)  4; 6 
A)  1; 3 
B)  2; 4 
C)  3; 5 
D)  4; 6

Question 19

Baby Calinda sucks on a bottle. The taste of the sweet liquid increases Calinda's sucking. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  extinction. 
A)  operant conditioning. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  extinction.

Question 20

Which of the following statements demonstrates the cephalocaudal trend?

Accepted Answer

A)  During infancy and childhood, the legs and arms grow faster than the trunk. 
B)  At birth, the head takes up one-fourth of total body length, the legs only one-third. 
C)  In the prenatal period, the head, chest, and trunk grow first, then the arms and legs. 
D)  During infancy and childhood, the hands and feet grow ahead of the fingers and toes. 
A)  During infancy and childhood, the legs and arms grow faster than the trunk. 
B)  At birth, the head takes up one-fourth of total body length, the legs only one-third. 
C)  In the prenatal period, the head, chest, and trunk grow first, then the arms and legs. 
D)  During infancy and childhood, the hands and feet grow ahead of the fingers and toes.

The average 2-year-old needs _ to _ hours of sleep.

One way of understanding perceptual development is to think of it as a built-in tendency to seek

Research indicates that around 7 to 9 months, infants

Six-month-old Luka's weight, height, and head circumference are substantially below age-related growth norms. Luka is withdrawn and apathetic. A disturbed parent-infant relationship contributed to Luka's failure to grow normally. Luka most likely suffers from

In classical conditioning, if a conditioned stimulus is presented alone enough times, without being paired with the unconditioned stimulus, _________ occurs.

Zahara, age 3 months, is painfully thin. Her mother is too malnourished to produce enough breast milk and the supply of formula is inadequate for bottle-feeding. Zahara is probably in danger of dying from

Five-month-old Raelle can be expected to ______________ when an object is moved beyond her reach.

As early as 3 months, infants prefer and more easily discriminate among

Considering the average growth norms, which child will probably be the smallest?

Garrett, 2 months, is an enthusiastic eater who nurses vigorously and gains weight quickly. Garrett's mom, Christine, is concerned that Garrett might be at risk of being permanently overweight. You can advise Christine that

One-year-old Manny pulls up an individual blade of grass. He is probably using

Alexia was born with cataracts in both eyes. What can you tell her parents about when she should have corrective surgery?

In cultures where parent-child cosleeping is widespread,

If growth faltering is corrected in infancy, most babies

Which of the following statements is true about breastfeeding?

Experience-expectant brain growth

When measuring brain functioning with _____________, researchers use a geodesic sensor net to hold interconnected electrodes in place.

Between ages _ and _, napping subsides.

Baby Calinda sucks on a bottle. The taste of the sweet liquid increases Calinda's sucking. This is an example of

Which of the following statements demonstrates the cephalocaudal trend?

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters

Exam 5: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

The average 2-year-old needs _____ to _____ hours of sleep.

One way of understanding perceptual development is to think of it as a built-in tendency to seek

Research indicates that around 7 to 9 months, infants

Six-month-old Luka's weight, height, and head circumference are substantially below age-related growth norms. Luka is withdrawn and apathetic. A disturbed parent-infant relationship contributed to Luka's failure to grow normally. Luka most likely suffers from

In classical conditioning, if a conditioned stimulus is presented alone enough times, without being paired with the unconditioned stimulus, _________ occurs.

Zahara, age 3 months, is painfully thin. Her mother is too malnourished to produce enough breast milk and the supply of formula is inadequate for bottle-feeding. Zahara is probably in danger of dying from

Five-month-old Raelle can be expected to ______________ when an object is moved beyond her reach.

As early as 3 months, infants prefer and more easily discriminate among

Considering the average growth norms, which child will probably be the smallest?

Garrett, 2 months, is an enthusiastic eater who nurses vigorously and gains weight quickly. Garrett's mom, Christine, is concerned that Garrett might be at risk of being permanently overweight. You can advise Christine that

One-year-old Manny pulls up an individual blade of grass. He is probably using

Alexia was born with cataracts in both eyes. What can you tell her parents about when she should have corrective surgery?

In cultures where parent-child cosleeping is widespread,

If growth faltering is corrected in infancy, most babies

Which of the following statements is true about breastfeeding?

Experience-expectant brain growth

When measuring brain functioning with _____________, researchers use a geodesic sensor net to hold interconnected electrodes in place.

Between ages _____ and _____, napping subsides.

Baby Calinda sucks on a bottle. The taste of the sweet liquid increases Calinda's sucking. This is an example of

Which of the following statements demonstrates the cephalocaudal trend?

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters

The average 2-year-old needs _ to _ hours of sleep.

Between ages _ and _, napping subsides.