Question 1

Skull growth is especially rapid

Accepted Answer

A)  between birth and age 2 years. 
B)  during the preschool years. 
C)  between age 3 and 5 years. 
D)  during adolescence. 
A)  between birth and age 2 years. 
B)  during the preschool years. 
C)  between age 3 and 5 years. 
D)  during adolescence.

Question 2

Once habituation occurs, ________ causes responsiveness to return to a high level.

Accepted Answer

A)  imitation 
B)  recovery 
C)  extinction 
D)  punishment 
A)  imitation 
B)  recovery 
C)  extinction 
D)  punishment

Question 3

Seven-month-old Tyrese was born with a severe visual impairment. Research suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  Tyrese will use sound to establish a shared focus of attention with his caregivers. 
B)  once language emerges, Tyrese is likely to make impressive developmental rebounds. 
C)  Tyrese will be as effective at communicating with caregivers as sighted infants. 
D)  until his vision is restored, Tyrese will not benefit from stimulating, responsive interaction. 
A)  Tyrese will use sound to establish a shared focus of attention with his caregivers. 
B)  once language emerges, Tyrese is likely to make impressive developmental rebounds. 
C)  Tyrese will be as effective at communicating with caregivers as sighted infants. 
D)  until his vision is restored, Tyrese will not benefit from stimulating, responsive interaction.

Question 4

The World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding until age ___, with solid foods added at ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  3 months; 4 months 
B)  6 months; 6 months 
C)  1 year; 4 months 
D)  2 years; 6 months 
A)  3 months; 4 months 
B)  6 months; 6 months 
C)  1 year; 4 months 
D)  2 years; 6 months

Question 5

Baby Alfredo looks more intensely at a checkerboard with large black and white squares rather than one with smaller gray and white squares. Alfredo is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

A)  contrast sensitivity. 
B)  sensitivity to pictorial depth cues. 
C)  proprioception. 
D)  sensitivity to the visual cliff. 
A)  contrast sensitivity. 
B)  sensitivity to pictorial depth cues. 
C)  proprioception. 
D)  sensitivity to the visual cliff.

Question 6

One possible explanation for the high frequency of bedtime struggles in American homes is that American children

Accepted Answer

A)  are much more dependent than children from other cultures. 
B)  are expected to sleep for more hours than children from other cultures . 
C)  often eat late in the evening, which interferes with sleep. 
D)  may feel stressed when they must fall asleep without assistance. 
A)  are much more dependent than children from other cultures. 
B)  are expected to sleep for more hours than children from other cultures . 
C)  often eat late in the evening, which interferes with sleep. 
D)  may feel stressed when they must fall asleep without assistance.

Question 7

Which of the following is a limitation of neurophysiological methods?

Accepted Answer

A)  They cannot uncover relationships between the brain and psychological development and, therefore, have limited practical value. 
B)  Researchers have yet to devise a method for detecting changes in electrical brain-wave activity in the cerebral cortex. 
C)  Even though a stimulus produces a consistent pattern of brain activity, investigators cannot be certain that an individual has processed it in a certain way. 
D)  They are largely ineffective for studying preverbal infants' responsiveness to various stimuli. 
A)  They cannot uncover relationships between the brain and psychological development and, therefore, have limited practical value. 
B)  Researchers have yet to devise a method for detecting changes in electrical brain-wave activity in the cerebral cortex. 
C)  Even though a stimulus produces a consistent pattern of brain activity, investigators cannot be certain that an individual has processed it in a certain way. 
D)  They are largely ineffective for studying preverbal infants' responsiveness to various stimuli.

Question 8

At about ____ to ____ months, reaching appears as purposeful, forward arm movements and gradually improves in accuracy.

Accepted Answer

A)  1; 2 
B)  2; 3 
C)  3; 4 
D)  4; 6 
A)  1; 2 
B)  2; 3 
C)  3; 4 
D)  4; 6

Question 9

_________ can be estimated by X-raying the bones and seeing the number of epiphyses and the extent to which they are fused.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chronological age 
B)  Skeletal age 
C)  Adult height 
D)  Bone pliability 
A)  Chronological age 
B)  Skeletal age 
C)  Adult height 
D)  Bone pliability

Question 10

According to the Gibsons' differentiation theory, infants actively search for ________ of the environment in a constantly changing perceptual world.

Accepted Answer

A)  novel features 
B)  detailed associations 
C)  variations in patterns 
D)  invariant features 
A)  novel features 
B)  detailed associations 
C)  variations in patterns 
D)  invariant features

Question 11

The bones of the skull

Accepted Answer

A)  begin to grow around age 2. 
B)  never completely grow together. 
C)  are fused at birth. 
D)  are separated by six fontanels at birth. 
A)  begin to grow around age 2. 
B)  never completely grow together. 
C)  are fused at birth. 
D)  are separated by six fontanels at birth.

Question 12

Fontanels

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot be felt after four or five months. 
B)  prevent the brain from growing too large. 
C)  permit the bones to overlap during childbirth. 
D)  gradually close by adolescence. 
A)  cannot be felt after four or five months. 
B)  prevent the brain from growing too large. 
C)  permit the bones to overlap during childbirth. 
D)  gradually close by adolescence.

Question 13

When a 1-month-old kitten is put in the dark and kept there during the fourth week of life and beyond, damage to visual centers of the brain is permanent. This example provides evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)  brain plasticity. 
B)  synaptic pruning. 
C)  lateralization of the cerebral cortex. 
D)  sensitive periods in brain development. 
A)  brain plasticity. 
B)  synaptic pruning. 
C)  lateralization of the cerebral cortex. 
D)  sensitive periods in brain development.

Question 14

For most people, the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  judging distances. 
B)  negative emotion. 
C)  verbal abilities. 
D)  recognizing geometric shapes. 
A)  judging distances. 
B)  negative emotion. 
C)  verbal abilities. 
D)  recognizing geometric shapes.

Question 15

At first, Baby Marcia wakes up from her nap when she hears the noise of the dishwasher. After several weeks, Marcia sleeps through the noise of the dishwasher. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  imitation. 
B)  recovery. 
C)  reinforcement. 
D)  habituation. 
A)  imitation. 
B)  recovery. 
C)  reinforcement. 
D)  habituation.

Question 16

Research suggests that the best time to begin toilet training is when infants

Accepted Answer

A)  can walk without assistance. 
B)  are around 18 months of age. 
C)  are around 27 months of age. 
D)  have turned 3 years old. 
A)  can walk without assistance. 
B)  are around 18 months of age. 
C)  are around 27 months of age. 
D)  have turned 3 years old.

Question 17

Eleanor and James Gibson describe their theory as___________ because over time a baby detects finer and finer invariant features among stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A)  differentiation 
B)  discontinuous 
C)  dynamic 
D)  bidirectional 
A)  differentiation 
B)  discontinuous 
C)  dynamic 
D)  bidirectional

Question 18

Studies using fMRI reveal that the right hemisphere is specialized for processing information in a(n) _______ manner.

Accepted Answer

A)  sequential 
B)  analytical 
C)  piece-by-piece 
D)  integrative 
A)  sequential 
B)  analytical 
C)  piece-by-piece 
D)  integrative

Question 19

Which of the following motor skills do infants usually skip in the Kenyan and Jamaican cultures as compared to Western nations?

Accepted Answer

A)  crawling 
B)  rolling from side to back 
C)  sitting alone 
D)  pulling to a stand 
A)  crawling 
B)  rolling from side to back 
C)  sitting alone 
D)  pulling to a stand

Question 20

The cerebral cortex

Accepted Answer

A)  contains the greatest number of neurons and synapses in the brain. 
B)  is the first part of the brain to stop growing. 
C)  is less sensitive to environmental influences than other parts of the brain. 
D)  fully develops during the third trimester of pregnancy. 
A)  contains the greatest number of neurons and synapses in the brain. 
B)  is the first part of the brain to stop growing. 
C)  is less sensitive to environmental influences than other parts of the brain. 
D)  fully develops during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Skull growth is especially rapid

Once habituation occurs, ________ causes responsiveness to return to a high level.

Seven-month-old Tyrese was born with a severe visual impairment. Research suggests that

The World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding until age _, with solid foods added at __.

Baby Alfredo looks more intensely at a checkerboard with large black and white squares rather than one with smaller gray and white squares. Alfredo is demonstrating

One possible explanation for the high frequency of bedtime struggles in American homes is that American children

Which of the following is a limitation of neurophysiological methods?

At about to months, reaching appears as purposeful, forward arm movements and gradually improves in accuracy.

_________ can be estimated by X-raying the bones and seeing the number of epiphyses and the extent to which they are fused.

According to the Gibsons' differentiation theory, infants actively search for ________ of the environment in a constantly changing perceptual world.

The bones of the skull

Fontanels

When a 1-month-old kitten is put in the dark and kept there during the fourth week of life and beyond, damage to visual centers of the brain is permanent. This example provides evidence of

For most people, the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is responsible for

At first, Baby Marcia wakes up from her nap when she hears the noise of the dishwasher. After several weeks, Marcia sleeps through the noise of the dishwasher. This is an example of

Research suggests that the best time to begin toilet training is when infants

Eleanor and James Gibson describe their theory as___________ because over time a baby detects finer and finer invariant features among stimuli.

Studies using fMRI reveal that the right hemisphere is specialized for processing information in a(n) _______ manner.

Which of the following motor skills do infants usually skip in the Kenyan and Jamaican cultures as compared to Western nations?

The cerebral cortex

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters

Exam 5: Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Skull growth is especially rapid

Once habituation occurs, ________ causes responsiveness to return to a high level.

Seven-month-old Tyrese was born with a severe visual impairment. Research suggests that

The World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding until age ___, with solid foods added at ____.

Baby Alfredo looks more intensely at a checkerboard with large black and white squares rather than one with smaller gray and white squares. Alfredo is demonstrating

One possible explanation for the high frequency of bedtime struggles in American homes is that American children

Which of the following is a limitation of neurophysiological methods?

At about ____ to ____ months, reaching appears as purposeful, forward arm movements and gradually improves in accuracy.

_________ can be estimated by X-raying the bones and seeing the number of epiphyses and the extent to which they are fused.

According to the Gibsons' differentiation theory, infants actively search for ________ of the environment in a constantly changing perceptual world.

The bones of the skull

Fontanels

When a 1-month-old kitten is put in the dark and kept there during the fourth week of life and beyond, damage to visual centers of the brain is permanent. This example provides evidence of

For most people, the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is responsible for

At first, Baby Marcia wakes up from her nap when she hears the noise of the dishwasher. After several weeks, Marcia sleeps through the noise of the dishwasher. This is an example of

Research suggests that the best time to begin toilet training is when infants

Eleanor and James Gibson describe their theory as___________ because over time a baby detects finer and finer invariant features among stimuli.

Studies using fMRI reveal that the right hemisphere is specialized for processing information in a(n) _______ manner.

Which of the following motor skills do infants usually skip in the Kenyan and Jamaican cultures as compared to Western nations?

The cerebral cortex

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn Baby

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical Development in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Emerging Adulthood

Filters

The World Health Organization recommends breastfeeding until age _, with solid foods added at __.

At about to months, reaching appears as purposeful, forward arm movements and gradually improves in accuracy.