Exam 16: Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change.

__________ is a form of dispersed collective behavior that occurs when a large number of people react with strong emotions and self-destructive behavior to a real or perceived threat.

An example of a(n) __________ is the popularity of "blogging" on the Internet. A blog is an online journal maintained by an individual who frequently records entries that are maintained in a chronological order.

People must become aware of a significant problem and have the opportunity to engage in collective action. Movements are more likely to occur when a person, class, or agency can be singled out as the source of the problem. This illustrates sociologist Neal Smelser's value-added theory condition of __________.

Distinguish between crowds and masses, and the influence of dominant emotions.

Several explanations could be provided in relation to the dynamics of collective behavior. Which of the following explanations is not valid in relation to the dynamics of collective behavior?

According to __________ theory, people who are satisfied with their present condition are less likely to seek social change. Social movements arise as a response to people's perception that they have been deprived of their "fair share."

Discuss the social constructionist theory: frame analysis.

Discuss why the U.S. should be concerned with China's environmental problems.What is the primary source of energy in China?

Tabloid newspapers and magazines such as the "National Enquirer" and "People," and television entertainment "news" programs that purport to provide "inside" information on the lives of celebrities, are sources of contemporary __________, much of which has not been checked for authenticity.

Which of the following statements concerning the environment is true?

__________ movements seek to bring about a total change in society. These movements usually do not attempt to work within the existing system; rather, they aim to remake the system by replacing existing institutions with new ones.

Sociologists distinguish among movements on the basis of their goals and the amount of change they seek to produce. Some movements seek to change people whereas others seek to change society.

Drawing on the __________ perspective, sociologists Ralph Turner and Lewis Killian asserted that crowds develop their own definition of a situation and establish norms for behavior that fit the occasion.

Rumors thrive when tensions are low and when an abundance of authentic information is available on an issue of great concern.

A(n) __________ is highly emotional crowd whose members engage in, or are ready to engage in, violence against a specific target (such as a person, a category of people, or physical property.)

According to sociologist Robert Park, social unrest is transmitted by a process of __________, which is the interactive communication between persons such that the discontent of one person is communicated to another, who, in turn, reflects the discontent back to the first person.

In a study of public opinion on environmental issues, sociologist Riley Dunlap found that public awareness of the seriousness of environmental problems and support for environmental protection __________.

Collective behavior occurs as a result of some common influence or stimulus that produces a response from a/an __________, which is a number of people who act together and may mutually transcend, bypass, or subvert established institutional patterns and structures.

Examples of a(n) __________ include the audience in a movie theater or people at a pep rally for a sporting event.

__________ movements seek limited change in some aspect of people's behavior.