Exam 8: Global Stratification.

Many people in low-income nations remain in poor health. In fact, about __________ million people die each year from diarrhea, malaria, tuberculosis, and other infections and parasitic illnesses.

__________ nations include China, North Korea, Vietnam, Cuba, and portions of the former Soviet Union.

Global stratification refers to the unequal distribution of wealth, power, and prestige on a global basis, resulting in people having vastly different lifestyles and life chances both within and among the nations of the world.

__________ economies are found in fifty-four nations, including Portugal, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Norway, and Germany.

Poverty, food shortages, hunger, and rapidly growing populations are pressing problems for at least __________ people, most of them women and children living in a state of absolute poverty.

U.S. President John F. Kennedy's economic advisor Walt W. Rostow suggested that all countries go through four stages of economic development. He stated that the second stage is the take-off stage-a period of economic growth accompanied by a growing belief in individualism, competition, and achievement.

As middle-income nations have been required to make payments on their debts, the requisite structural adjustments have necessitated that the countries make spending cuts in areas that formally helped some of the poor, including subsidized food, education, and health care.

What country has experienced a 270 percent increase in per capita income over the past twenty years?

According to economic advisor Walt Rostow, people in the __________ start to look toward the future, to save and invest money, and to discard traditional values.

Approximately ______ people worldwide live on less than $1 per day.

The World Bank has defined __________ as living on less than a dollar a day.

__________ account for most of the 700 million "income poor" people in the world.

Analysts using a development framework typically view industrialization and economic development as essential steps that nations must go through in order to reduce poverty and increase life chances for their citizens.

According to the United Nations, __________ is the process of "expanding choices that people have in life, to lead a life to its full potential and in dignity, through expanding capabilities and through people taking action themselves to improve their lives."

__________ has become the primary means used in attempts to reduce social and economic inequalities and alleviate the worst effects of poverty in the less industrialized nations of the world.

As compared with lower-middle-income economies, nations having upper-middle-income economies typically __________.

The ___________ was introduced by social analysts to distinguish among nations on the basis of their levels of economic development and the standard of living of their citizens.

__________ were said to consist of the rich, industrialized nations that primarily had capitalist economic systems and democratic political systems.

Which part of the world has the lowest life expectancy?

In relation to classification of economies by income, describe high-income economies.