Question 1

Concealment occurs when the researcher omits important information about the study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Returning a mailed survey indicates the participant's consent to participate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The research protocol to the Institutional Review Board should include:

Accepted Answer

A)  An analysis of the risk/benefit ratio 
B)  A justification for using vulnerable populations 
C)  Information about the ethnicity of the participants 
D)  All of the above 
A)  An analysis of the risk/benefit ratio 
B)  A justification for using vulnerable populations 
C)  Information about the ethnicity of the participants 
D)  All of the above

Question 4

Once an informed consent is obtained, the researcher is no longer liable if actual harm results from the research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Ethical considerations in animal research include:

Accepted Answer

A)  The cost to the research institution (to maintain the animals) 
B)  The cost of the laboratory equipment to properly train the animals 
C)  The justification for the number and species to be used 
D)  b and c 
A)  The cost to the research institution (to maintain the animals) 
B)  The cost of the laboratory equipment to properly train the animals 
C)  The justification for the number and species to be used 
D)  b and c

Question 6

How is consent obtained?

Accepted Answer

In most cases consent is obtained throug

Question 7

Researchers can maximize the benefits of research by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Making promises to society about potential, long-term outcomes 
B)  Providing an informative debriefing after the research 
C)  Offering financial incentives whenever possible 
D)  a and c 
A)  Making promises to society about potential, long-term outcomes 
B)  Providing an informative debriefing after the research 
C)  Offering financial incentives whenever possible 
D)  a and c

Question 8

Informative debriefing should follow immediately after the research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Researchers should be aware of potential conflicts of interest between children and their legal guardians.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Alternatives to using deception in research include:

Accepted Answer

A)  Using simulations to study social behavior 
B)  Relying on researcher trust and rapport with participants who have been fully informed 
C)  Guaranteeing a full debriefing with an opportunity to withdraw from the study 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Using simulations to study social behavior 
B)  Relying on researcher trust and rapport with participants who have been fully informed 
C)  Guaranteeing a full debriefing with an opportunity to withdraw from the study 
D)  All of the above

Question 11

All institutional research that systematically collects data to develop a generalized body of knowledge should be reviewed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The information provided to study participants should include:

Accepted Answer

A)  Technical language used by the researcher(s) 
B)  The purpose for the study and the study's procedure(s) 
C)  Only the information that the researcher wants to share with the participants 
D)  a and b 
A)  Technical language used by the researcher(s) 
B)  The purpose for the study and the study's procedure(s) 
C)  Only the information that the researcher wants to share with the participants 
D)  a and b

Question 13

Institutional Review Boards mandate that voluntary informed consent be obtained from participants before enrolling them in research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Deception involves a misrepresentation of facts by commission.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The Institutional Review Board is not obligated to consider community standards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Experimental research has greater ethical risks than qualitative research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The Belmont Report lists ethical principles to guide human research. These principles include:

Accepted Answer

A)  The elderly, children, and mentally retarded individuals require special protections 
B)  Approved researchers can make decisions for individuals with diminished autonomy 
C)  Participant risks and benefits should be carefully weighed 
D)  a and c 
A)  The elderly, children, and mentally retarded individuals require special protections 
B)  Approved researchers can make decisions for individuals with diminished autonomy 
C)  Participant risks and benefits should be carefully weighed 
D)  a and c

Question 18

Standardized, well-established measurement instruments do not require pilot testing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A signed consent form may be omitted when:

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants can easily refuse by not returning the questionnaire 
B)  When signed consents might stigmatize or jeopardize participants' well-being 
C)  When the researcher considers the consent form to be unnecessary 
D)  a and b 
E)  All of the above 
A)  Participants can easily refuse by not returning the questionnaire 
B)  When signed consents might stigmatize or jeopardize participants' well-being 
C)  When the researcher considers the consent form to be unnecessary 
D)  a and b 
E)  All of the above

Question 20

Debriefing should always be done with research study participants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Ethical Issues in Conducting the Study

Concealment occurs when the researcher omits important information about the study.

Returning a mailed survey indicates the participant's consent to participate.

The research protocol to the Institutional Review Board should include:

Once an informed consent is obtained, the researcher is no longer liable if actual harm results from the research.

Ethical considerations in animal research include:

How is consent obtained?

Researchers can maximize the benefits of research by:

Informative debriefing should follow immediately after the research.

Researchers should be aware of potential conflicts of interest between children and their legal guardians.

Alternatives to using deception in research include:

All institutional research that systematically collects data to develop a generalized body of knowledge should be reviewed.

The information provided to study participants should include:

Institutional Review Boards mandate that voluntary informed consent be obtained from participants before enrolling them in research.

Deception involves a misrepresentation of facts by commission.

The Institutional Review Board is not obligated to consider community standards.

Experimental research has greater ethical risks than qualitative research.

The Belmont Report lists ethical principles to guide human research. These principles include:

Standardized, well-established measurement instruments do not require pilot testing.

A signed consent form may be omitted when:

Debriefing should always be done with research study participants.

Definitions, Purposes, and Dimensions of Research

Planning a Quantitative Research Project

Variables, Research Questions, and Hypotheses

Research Approaches

Randomized Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Subject Designs

Nonexperimental Approachesdesigns

Internal Validity

Sampling and Introduction to External Validity

Measurement and Descriptive Statistics

Measurement Reliability

Measurement Validity

Types of Data Collection Techniques

Practical Issues in Data Collection and Coding

Making Inferences From Sample Data I: The Null Hypothesis Significance Testing Approach

Making Inferences From Sample Data II: the Evidence-Based Approach

General Design Classifications for Selection of Difference Statistical Methods

Selection of Appropriate Statistical Methods: Integration of Design and Analysis

Data Analysis and Interpretation: Basic Difference Questions

Analysis and Interpretation of Basic Associational Research Questions

Analysis and Interpretation of Complex Research Questions

Evaluating Research Validity: Part I

Evaluating Research Validity: Part II

Evaluating Research for Evidence-Based Practice

Writing the Research Report

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