Exam 22: Evolution and the Origins of Life

-The figure above shows an evolutionary tree. At which of the following locations does this map indicate extinction?

________ refers to random changes in allele frequency as a result of chance events.

The process of producing energy from organic substrates in the absence of oxygen is called ________ metabolism.

In the history of Earth and in the evolution of living cells, two self-replicating molecules have formed: DNA and RNA. Determine whether each of the following characteristics can be attributed to DNA or RNA. Answers may be used more than once. A) DNA B) RNA C) both DNA and RNA 10) molecule that directs production of proteins in modern cells 11) molecule first formed on templates of clay in mudflats 12) the self-replicating molecule of present-day cells 13) first molecule to evolve 14) more stable of the two molecules

Which one of the following taxonomic categories is defined as a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring?

Random changes in the frequency of alleles of a population because of chance events is known as natural selection.

________ was an early human ancestor thought to be among the first tool makers.

All of the following are key elements of evolution EXCEPT which one?

The concept of gene flow indicates that evolution of populations can occur when individuals enter or leave a population. The addition of new alleles into the population makes it easy to visualize changes to phenotypes. Explain how emigration can lead to evolutionary change.

Which one of the following processes tends to mix gene pools?

All humans are classified as Homo sapiens, a single species. But you know from looking around you that all people do not look or sound the same. Explain how it is possible for humans to belong to the same species yet display a wide range of physical differences.

The following is a list of events that were involved in the formation of self-replicating living cells. Which one of the following best represents the order in which these events are believed to have occurred? 1. formation of RNA 2) enclosure of small organic molecules within a membrane 3) formation of simple organic molecules from atmospheric gases 4) formation of a lipid-protein membrane

All humans belong to the same species, but have distinct heritable physical differences known as ________.

Movement of individuals into or out of population that results in a redistribution of alleles is called ________.

In the year 2317, a group of human pioneers decide to colonize Mars. The distance between Mars and Earth prevents the possibility of new members joining the colony or the members of the colony interbreeding with humans on Earth. This situation is an example of

In the classification of organisms, similar genera are grouped together into a

The first step in the development of living organisms was the formation of

In the early Earth, the development of ________ created oxygen gas in the atmosphere.

-Based on the figure above, which one of the following groups is most closely related to humans?

With the advent of photosynthesis and the subsequent production of oxygen by photosynthetic organisms, most of the anaerobic organisms present on Earth became extinct because oxygen was actually toxic to these organisms.