Question 1

Cell differentiation of a pre-embryo begins

Accepted Answer

A)  immediately upon the first division of the fertilized egg 
B)  after the 32-cell stage 
C)  after the 4-cell stage 
D)  after the 8-cell stage 
E)  after the 2-cell stage 
A)  immediately upon the first division of the fertilized egg 
B)  after the 32-cell stage 
C)  after the 4-cell stage 
D)  after the 8-cell stage 
E)  after the 2-cell stage

Question 2

A(n) ________ forms during cytokinesis as contractile filaments in the cell tighten.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ________ forms during cytokinesis as contractile...

Question 3

The processes of initiation, elongation, and termination that occur in the production of a protein are all associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication 
B)  processing of a fat in the endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  correction of a mutation 
D)  formation of an intact ribosome 
E)  translation 
A)  DNA replication 
B)  processing of a fat in the endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  correction of a mutation 
D)  formation of an intact ribosome 
E)  translation

Question 4

During translation, attachment of a "start" codon to the small ribosomal subunit constitutes the beginning of the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During translation, attachment of a "start" codon...

Question 5

Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY compares the effects of a mutation in a gamete to the effects of a mutation in a somatic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Somatic cell mutations always cause cancer, whereas gamete mutations do not. 
B)  Gamete mutations are passed to the next generation, whereas somatic cell mutations are not. 
C)  Gamete mutations are typically deadly, whereas somatic cell mutations are not. 
D)  Somatic cell mutations are typically deadly, whereas gamete mutations are not. 
E)  Mutations in both types of cells usually result in cancer. 
A)  Somatic cell mutations always cause cancer, whereas gamete mutations do not. 
B)  Gamete mutations are passed to the next generation, whereas somatic cell mutations are not. 
C)  Gamete mutations are typically deadly, whereas somatic cell mutations are not. 
D)  Somatic cell mutations are typically deadly, whereas gamete mutations are not. 
E)  Mutations in both types of cells usually result in cancer.

Question 6

A cell cycle of a cell in which DNA replication was faulty, failing to complete replication of all of the DNA, would likely be halted at the M checkpoint.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Explain the importance of checkpoints to the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

The cell cycle operates in a manner simi

Question 8

All cells that make up the body other than germ cells are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All cells that make up the body...

Question 9

Which one of the following statements best describes the chromosomes in the cells at the end of meiosis I?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA replication in the S phase has led to a doubling in chromosome number. 
B)  The cells contain the haploid number of chromosomes. 
C)  Chromosome number and structure are identical to the beginning of the S phase. 
D)  The cells contain the diploid number of chromosomes. 
E)  The chromosome number is the same as that before meiosis began, but the DNA content is half the original cell. 
A)  DNA replication in the S phase has led to a doubling in chromosome number. 
B)  The cells contain the haploid number of chromosomes. 
C)  Chromosome number and structure are identical to the beginning of the S phase. 
D)  The cells contain the diploid number of chromosomes. 
E)  The chromosome number is the same as that before meiosis began, but the DNA content is half the original cell.

Question 10

The development of induced pluripotent stem cells would make possible therapeutic cloning without the use of embryos.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: component of ribosome that assists in protein synthesis
processed from primary transcript produced in transcription
contains start codon sequence for protein synthesis
attaches to ribosomes at anticodon end
transports amino acids to the ribosome

Accepted Answer

The Answer of rRNA and tRNA and mRNA is...

Question 12

Match each stage of mitosis (lettered A-D) to the appropriate diagram in the figure above.
-anaphase

Accepted Answer

The answer of   
Match each stage of mitosis...

Question 13

Progression through the various phases of the cell cycle depends on fluctuating concentrations of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Progression through the various phases of the...

Question 14

Alterations in DNA, whether they occur by mistake during replication, or as a result of some type of damage, can lead to mutations. Mutations, however, are rare in terms of leading to actual damage to a cell. Why?

Accepted Answer

If DNA is damaged, the cell has the abil

Question 15

Which one of the following statements describes the process through which a primary RNA transcript becomes a functional mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sections of the primary transcript called exons are removed, and the sections that remain are spliced together. 
B)  Sections of RNA called exons are added to the primary transcript. 
C)  A primary transcript needs no editing and is immediately ready to function as mRNA. 
D)  Noncoding sections of the primary transcript, called introns, are removed, and the remaining coding sections, called exons, are spliced together. 
E)  Random sections of the primary transcript called exons are replaced with sections called introns. 
A)  Sections of the primary transcript called exons are removed, and the sections that remain are spliced together. 
B)  Sections of RNA called exons are added to the primary transcript. 
C)  A primary transcript needs no editing and is immediately ready to function as mRNA. 
D)  Noncoding sections of the primary transcript, called introns, are removed, and the remaining coding sections, called exons, are spliced together. 
E)  Random sections of the primary transcript called exons are replaced with sections called introns.

Question 16

Initiation of translation begins with a tRNA binding its anticodon to the start codon of mRNA at a ribosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In order to increase the speed of replication, the DNA molecule is opened at several locations creating multiple replication bubbles where complementary strands are formed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding the G₀ phase of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  G₀ is an abnormal state, and cells in this stage have been damaged. 
B)  Neurons and osteocytes remain in G₀ after adolescence. 
C)  Most cancer cells have entered the G₀ phase. 
D)  Once in G₀, a cell remains there. 
E)  Stems cells in the bone marrow are typically in the G₀ phase. 
A)  G₀ is an abnormal state, and cells in this stage have been damaged. 
B)  Neurons and osteocytes remain in G₀ after adolescence. 
C)  Most cancer cells have entered the G₀ phase. 
D)  Once in G₀, a cell remains there. 
E)  Stems cells in the bone marrow are typically in the G₀ phase.

Exam 17: Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Cell differentiation of a pre-embryo begins

A(n) ________ forms during cytokinesis as contractile filaments in the cell tighten.

The processes of initiation, elongation, and termination that occur in the production of a protein are all associated with

During translation, attachment of a "start" codon to the small ribosomal subunit constitutes the beginning of the ________ stage.

Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY compares the effects of a mutation in a gamete to the effects of a mutation in a somatic cell?

A cell cycle of a cell in which DNA replication was faulty, failing to complete replication of all of the DNA, would likely be halted at the M checkpoint.

Explain the importance of checkpoints to the cell cycle.

All cells that make up the body other than germ cells are referred to as ________.

Which one of the following statements best describes the chromosomes in the cells at the end of meiosis I?

The development of induced pluripotent stem cells would make possible therapeutic cloning without the use of embryos.

Match each stage of mitosis (lettered A-D) to the appropriate diagram in the figure above. -anaphase

Progression through the various phases of the cell cycle depends on fluctuating concentrations of ________.

Alterations in DNA, whether they occur by mistake during replication, or as a result of some type of damage, can lead to mutations. Mutations, however, are rare in terms of leading to actual damage to a cell. Why?

Which one of the following statements describes the process through which a primary RNA transcript becomes a functional mRNA?

Initiation of translation begins with a tRNA binding its anticodon to the start codon of mRNA at a ribosome.

In order to increase the speed of replication, the DNA molecule is opened at several locations creating multiple replication bubbles where complementary strands are formed.

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding the G₀ phase of the cell cycle?

Human Biology, Science, and Society

The Chemistry of Living Things

Structure and Function of Cells

From Cells to Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Blood

Heart and Blood Vessels

The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense

The Respiratory System: Exchange of Gases

The Nervous System: Integration and Control

Sensory Mechanisms

The Endocrine System

The Digestive System and Nutrition

The Urinary System

Reproductive Systems

Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Division and Differentiation

Genetics and Inheritance

DNA Technology and Genetic Engineering

Development and Aging

Evolution and the Origins of Life

Ecosystems and Populations

Human Impacts, Biodiversity, and Environmental Issues

Filters