Question 1

Zionism was defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  the idea that Jews were not an ethnicity but a nation that needed a geopolitical state. 
B)  a movement for cultural assimilation of Jews into other nation-states. 
C)  maintaining a separate cultural identification without compromising national identity. 
D)  a synthesis of cultural and ethnic concepts, for example, the combination of the languages of Hebrew and German to form Yiddish. 
E)  an official state program of anti-Semitism. 
A)  the idea that Jews were not an ethnicity but a nation that needed a geopolitical state. 
B)  a movement for cultural assimilation of Jews into other nation-states. 
C)  maintaining a separate cultural identification without compromising national identity. 
D)  a synthesis of cultural and ethnic concepts, for example, the combination of the languages of Hebrew and German to form Yiddish. 
E)  an official state program of anti-Semitism. A

Question 2

Socialist Revolutionaries in Russia were considered unusual because of their advocacy of mass democratic processes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Why was the issue of nationalism more complicated in the Habsburg lands than elsewhere in central Europe?

Accepted Answer

Nationalism was complicated in Austria-Hungary because the territories were more ethnically and culturally diverse than any other region in central Europe.While there was a general accord and maintenance of peace within the Habsburg lands,there was conflict and rivalry among several of the territories,particularly over the issues of retaining local cultural rights such as the use of native languages.When the Hungarians declared their independence from Vienna,one of the Hungarian dependent states,Croatia,sided with the Habsburg emperor,believing that would help them protect local traditions.Similar situations existed within the German states,particularly as a Czech historian declined to participate in the Frankfurt Assembly,stating that his interests were for Czech adherence to the Habsburgs rather than a secession movement.He felt that the cultural and political rights of small nations like his were better assured in a large multinational empire than in a nation-state like the one the representatives at Frankfurt envisioned.The Slavic Congress in Prague in 1848 sought protection for the use of Slavic languages while reinforcing their loyalty to the Habsburg Empire,but at the same time advocated for closer relations with the Russian Empire and Ottoman Empire Slavs.The Austrian emperor responded by dispersing the Congress at gunpoint.

Question 4

The Frankfurt Assembly gathered to

Accepted Answer

A)  promote German unification. 
B)  advocate for political rights for all. 
C)  create a constituent assembly. 
D)  write a constitution. 
E)  do all of these. 
A)  promote German unification. 
B)  advocate for political rights for all. 
C)  create a constituent assembly. 
D)  write a constitution. 
E)  do all of these.

Question 5

The French,led by Napoleon III,won the Franco-Prussian War.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What was the significance of the Paris Commune in the political uprisings of the nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

The Paris Commune was formed in the wake

Question 7

Compare the processes of unification in Germany and Italy.

Accepted Answer

Both areas consisted of multiethnic prin

Question 8

The violent uprisings in Paris in 1848 were known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  June Days. 
B)  Second Revolution. 
C)  Thermidorean reaction. 
D)  Second Empire. 
E)  Fronde 
A)  June Days. 
B)  Second Revolution. 
C)  Thermidorean reaction. 
D)  Second Empire. 
E)  Fronde

Question 9

In the late nineteenth century the largest expense in each country's state budget was for

Accepted Answer

A)  education. 
B)  the military. 
C)  railroads. 
D)  pensions and unemployment insurance. 
E)  trade tariffs. 
A)  education. 
B)  the military. 
C)  railroads. 
D)  pensions and unemployment insurance. 
E)  trade tariffs.

Question 10

In his opposition to nationalism,Pope Pius IX resorted to all of these measures except

Accepted Answer

A)  refusal to recognize the state of Italy. 
B)  publishing the Index of Forbidden Books. 
C)  pushing for the doctrine of papal infallibility. 
D)  issuing the Syllabus of Errors. 
E)  opposing lay education. 
A)  refusal to recognize the state of Italy. 
B)  publishing the Index of Forbidden Books. 
C)  pushing for the doctrine of papal infallibility. 
D)  issuing the Syllabus of Errors. 
E)  opposing lay education.

Question 11

The leader of the Hungarian nationalist movement in 1848 was

Accepted Answer

A)  Theodore Herzl. 
B)  Louis Kossuth. 
C)  Louis Blanc. 
D)  Frantisek Palacky. 
E)  Milos Karadjordje. 
A)  Theodore Herzl. 
B)  Louis Kossuth. 
C)  Louis Blanc. 
D)  Frantisek Palacky. 
E)  Milos Karadjordje.

Question 12

The first European nation to recognize workers' demands for unemployment and retirement was

Accepted Answer

A)  France. 
B)  Sweden. 
C)  Germany. 
D)  England. 
E)  Italy. 
A)  France. 
B)  Sweden. 
C)  Germany. 
D)  England. 
E)  Italy.

Question 13

Bismarck's Kulturkampf movement was a failure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Compare the independence movements of Hungary and Poland in terms of their respective success and failure.

Accepted Answer

Calls for national unification were pres

Question 15

To where did many of the leading revolutionaries of 1848 flee?

Accepted Answer

A)  Venezuela 
B)  United States 
C)  Mexico 
D)  China 
E)  Finland. 
A)  Venezuela 
B)  United States 
C)  Mexico 
D)  China 
E)  Finland.

Question 16

Alfred Nobel became famous for

Accepted Answer

A)  his discoveries of biological differentiation based on race. 
B)  the development of chemical weapons. 
C)  his endowment of awards for peace. 
D)  writing the Treaty of Geneva conventions. 
E)  assassinating Tsar Alexander II. 
A)  his discoveries of biological differentiation based on race. 
B)  the development of chemical weapons. 
C)  his endowment of awards for peace. 
D)  writing the Treaty of Geneva conventions. 
E)  assassinating Tsar Alexander II.

Question 17

Pope Leo XIII was notable for his compromises,including

Accepted Answer

A)  reconciliation of faith with modern life for moderate Catholics. 
B)  acceptance of socialism for its humanitarian goals. 
C)  allowing priests to serve as political activists to keep workers from falling into states of sin. 
D)  support of anti-Semitic pogroms in Russia. 
E)  none of these. 
A)  reconciliation of faith with modern life for moderate Catholics. 
B)  acceptance of socialism for its humanitarian goals. 
C)  allowing priests to serve as political activists to keep workers from falling into states of sin. 
D)  support of anti-Semitic pogroms in Russia. 
E)  none of these.

Question 18

In 1877,Russia gained a significant advantage over the Ottoman Empire in defense of

Accepted Answer

A)  Bulgaria. 
B)  Romania. 
C)  Transylvania. 
D)  Bosnia-Herzegovina. 
E)  Serbia. 
A)  Bulgaria. 
B)  Romania. 
C)  Transylvania. 
D)  Bosnia-Herzegovina. 
E)  Serbia.

Question 19

Which of the following was the most important political ideology in 1848?

Accepted Answer

A)  absolutism 
B)  constitutionalism 
C)  capitalism 
D)  liberalism 
E)  nationalism 
A)  absolutism 
B)  constitutionalism 
C)  capitalism 
D)  liberalism 
E)  nationalism

Question 20

Among the demands of Germany's King William I to settle the Franco Prussian war,was the transfer of

Accepted Answer

A)  Loire Valley 
B)  Alsace-Lorraine 
C)  Normandy 
D)  Nice 
E)  Marseilles 
A)  Loire Valley 
B)  Alsace-Lorraine 
C)  Normandy 
D)  Nice 
E)  Marseilles

Exam 22: The Triumph of the Nation-State,1848-1900

Zionism was defined as

Socialist Revolutionaries in Russia were considered unusual because of their advocacy of mass democratic processes.

Why was the issue of nationalism more complicated in the Habsburg lands than elsewhere in central Europe?

The Frankfurt Assembly gathered to

The French,led by Napoleon III,won the Franco-Prussian War.

What was the significance of the Paris Commune in the political uprisings of the nineteenth century?

Compare the processes of unification in Germany and Italy.

The violent uprisings in Paris in 1848 were known as the

In the late nineteenth century the largest expense in each country's state budget was for

In his opposition to nationalism,Pope Pius IX resorted to all of these measures except

The leader of the Hungarian nationalist movement in 1848 was

The first European nation to recognize workers' demands for unemployment and retirement was

Bismarck's Kulturkampf movement was a failure.

Compare the independence movements of Hungary and Poland in terms of their respective success and failure.

To where did many of the leading revolutionaries of 1848 flee?

Alfred Nobel became famous for

Pope Leo XIII was notable for his compromises,including

In 1877,Russia gained a significant advantage over the Ottoman Empire in defense of

Which of the following was the most important political ideology in 1848?

Among the demands of Germany's King William I to settle the Franco Prussian war,was the transfer of

The Origins of Western Civilization in the Ancient Near East,3000-1200 B.C.E.

Iron Age Civilizations,1200-500 B.C.E.

The Rise of Greek Civilization,1100-387 B.C.E.

From Polis To Cosmopolis: The Hellenistic World,387-30 B.C.E.

The Rise of Rome,753-27 B.C.E.

The Roman Empire,27 B.C.E.-284 C.E.

Late Antiquity,284-527

The Eastern Mediterranean,500-1000

The Kingdoms of Western Europe,500-1000

The High Middle Ages,1000-1300

Reversals and Disasters,1300-1450

The Renaissance in Italy and Northern Europe,1350-1550

Europe’s Age of Expansion, 1450–1550

Reform in the Western Church,1490-1570

A Century of Crisis,1550-1650

State-Building and the European State System,1648-1789

The Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment,1550-1790

Trade and Empire,1700-1800

Revolutionary France and Napoleonic Europe,1775-1815

Restoration and Reform: Conservative and Liberal Europe,1814-1847

Industrialization and Society,1800-1850

The Culture of Industrial Europe,1850-1914

The Age of Imperialism,1870-1914

War and Revolution,1900-1918

A Decade of Revolutionary Experiments,1918-1929

Democracy Under Siege,1929-1945

Europe Divided,1945-1968

Lifting the Iron Curtain,1969-1991

Europe in a Globalizing World,1991 to the Present

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