Question 1

In terms of gender differences in personality:

Accepted Answer

A)  women and men are most similar in personality in industrialized countries such as the United States 
B)  women tend to be more agreeable and more neurotic than men 
C)  women tend to be more extraverted and more open to experience than men 
D)  more data has been collected on men, so it is difficult to compare personalities across genders 
A)  women and men are most similar in personality in industrialized countries such as the United States 
B)  women tend to be more agreeable and more neurotic than men 
C)  women tend to be more extraverted and more open to experience than men 
D)  more data has been collected on men, so it is difficult to compare personalities across genders

Question 2

Freud's stages of child and adolescent personality development are based on:

Accepted Answer

A)  moral concerns originating in the id 
B)  the creation of a personal value system that is based in a strong superego 
C)  seeking pleasure through different erogenous zones 
D)  the development of unconditional positive regard 
A)  moral concerns originating in the id 
B)  the creation of a personal value system that is based in a strong superego 
C)  seeking pleasure through different erogenous zones 
D)  the development of unconditional positive regard

Question 3

Jayda and LeMario had a disagreement and began to attack each other's character.Jayda told LeMario that he is "assertive." LeMario told Jayda that she is "neurotic." If Jayda is a "typical" female and LeMario is a "typical" male,which one has made an accurate personality assessment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jayda 
B)  LeMario 
C)  neither A nor B 
D)  both A and B 
A)  Jayda 
B)  LeMario 
C)  neither A nor B 
D)  both A and B

Question 4

In terms of animal personality,conscientiousness has been observed:

Accepted Answer

A)  only in humans 
B)  only in humans and chimpanzees 
C)  in humans and many other land-dwelling animals 
D)  in almost all species studied, including aquatic animals 
A)  only in humans 
B)  only in humans and chimpanzees 
C)  in humans and many other land-dwelling animals 
D)  in almost all species studied, including aquatic animals

Question 5

According to interactionists,behavior at a funeral:

Accepted Answer

A)  is a weak situation 
B)  is a strong situation 
C)  has no effect on behavior 
D)  none of the above 
A)  is a weak situation 
B)  is a strong situation 
C)  has no effect on behavior 
D)  none of the above

Question 6

Kara,a 2-year-old,is a participant in a research study on infant temperament.Which of the following characteristics will likely NOT be assessed in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kara's activity level 
B)  Kara's emotional reactions 
C)  Kara's social behaviors 
D)  Kara's alertness on mental tasks 
A)  Kara's activity level 
B)  Kara's emotional reactions 
C)  Kara's social behaviors 
D)  Kara's alertness on mental tasks

Question 7

Trait theories of personality differ from psychodynamic and humanistic approaches in that they:

Accepted Answer

A)  focus more on description than explanation 
B)  generally have a more positive view of human nature 
C)  are less amenable to empirical investigation 
D)  are less parallel to our intuitive views of personality 
A)  focus more on description than explanation 
B)  generally have a more positive view of human nature 
C)  are less amenable to empirical investigation 
D)  are less parallel to our intuitive views of personality

Question 8

In this psychosexual stage,the erogenous zone centers on the genitals:

Accepted Answer

A)  oral 
B)  anal 
C)  phallic 
D)  latency 
A)  oral 
B)  anal 
C)  phallic 
D)  latency

Question 9

Jason is involved in a personality research study,and he is asked to sort cards labeled with personality characteristics into different piles.The piles represent which characteristics describe Jason very well,somewhat well,and not at all well.The assessment given to Jason is very similar to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  California Q-sort 
B)  Thematic Apperception Test 
C)  NEO inventory 
D)  Rorschach inkblot test 
A)  California Q-sort 
B)  Thematic Apperception Test 
C)  NEO inventory 
D)  Rorschach inkblot test

Question 10

If you were a therapist who endorsed Carl Rogers's person-centered approach to therapy,how would you treat your client?

Accepted Answer

A)  You would have the client's behavior observed by two or more raters. 
B)  You would discuss the client's problems and concerns as he or she understands them. 
C)  You would have the client take a self-report test that measured the five traits of the five-factor theory. 
D)  You would have the client take a projective test. 
A)  You would have the client's behavior observed by two or more raters. 
B)  You would discuss the client's problems and concerns as he or she understands them. 
C)  You would have the client take a self-report test that measured the five traits of the five-factor theory. 
D)  You would have the client take a projective test.

Question 11

Greg has grown up to be a very aggressive person.Neither of his parents is aggressive.In addition,neither his schoolmates nor his neighbors are particularly aggressive.According to behavior geneticists,what might be happening?

Accepted Answer

A)  Greg is using his own free will to engage in aggressive behavior. 
B)  Greg has a condition called "negative sociability," which is considered to be neither environmental nor genetic in origin. 
C)  Genes from Greg's parents combined in a unique (though random) way to create Greg's aggressive tendencies. 
D)  Greg probably inherited a gene called RH5, which is associated with aggression. 
A)  Greg is using his own free will to engage in aggressive behavior. 
B)  Greg has a condition called "negative sociability," which is considered to be neither environmental nor genetic in origin. 
C)  Genes from Greg's parents combined in a unique (though random) way to create Greg's aggressive tendencies. 
D)  Greg probably inherited a gene called RH5, which is associated with aggression.

Question 12

Children raised to follow group norms and to submit to those in authority are living in a(n)_____ culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  individualistic 
B)  collectivist 
C)  independent 
D)  none of the above 
A)  individualistic 
B)  collectivist 
C)  independent 
D)  none of the above

Question 13

Shelly feels she is more attractive than most people,will be successful,and will have a high degree of control over the major decisions in her life.Which of these phenomena is Shelly most clearly showing?

Accepted Answer

A)  a highly positive self-concept 
B)  an unrealistic self-schema 
C)  social reflection bias 
D)  a set of positive illusions 
A)  a highly positive self-concept 
B)  an unrealistic self-schema 
C)  social reflection bias 
D)  a set of positive illusions

Question 14

Research has shown that,in predicting the behavior of those we know,we:

Accepted Answer

A)  are more accurate in predicting their observable behavior than in predicting our own observable behavior 
B)  tend to predict that their behavior will be more negative than it actually is 
C)  are less accurate in predicting their observable behavior than in predicting our own observable behavior 
D)  are unable to perform above chance in our predictions 
A)  are more accurate in predicting their observable behavior than in predicting our own observable behavior 
B)  tend to predict that their behavior will be more negative than it actually is 
C)  are less accurate in predicting their observable behavior than in predicting our own observable behavior 
D)  are unable to perform above chance in our predictions

Question 15

Your roommate is an extremely shy person.Research suggests that she:

Accepted Answer

A)  probably acquired this disposition during a difficult time in her adolescence 
B)  displayed signs of inhibition and social distress even as a very young child 
C)  was raised by parents who provided supportive and calm environments that fostered her quiet character 
D)  may have suffered some trauma as an infant 
A)  probably acquired this disposition during a difficult time in her adolescence 
B)  displayed signs of inhibition and social distress even as a very young child 
C)  was raised by parents who provided supportive and calm environments that fostered her quiet character 
D)  may have suffered some trauma as an infant

Question 16

Anna is a college student from the United States and Michiko is a college student from Japan.Both have taken the same personality assessment as part of a psychology research study.Which of these young women is likely to score higher in neuroticism,and why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anna, because Americans tend to be more neurotic in general 
B)  Anna, because Americans tend to have relatively low self-esteem 
C)  Michiko, because the Japanese on average report higher levels of neuroticism 
D)  no significant difference would be expected 
A)  Anna, because Americans tend to be more neurotic in general 
B)  Anna, because Americans tend to have relatively low self-esteem 
C)  Michiko, because the Japanese on average report higher levels of neuroticism 
D)  no significant difference would be expected

Question 17

During the phallic stage,children develop hostility toward the same-sex parent because they desire an exclusive relationship with the opposite-sex parent.Freud argued that this conflict is typically resolved by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  child's taking on many of the same-sex parent's values and ideals 
B)  child's rationalizing the hostility in terms of the characteristics of the same-sex parent 
C)  id, which attempts to rein in the sexual urges 
D)  time the child is 4 years old 
A)  child's taking on many of the same-sex parent's values and ideals 
B)  child's rationalizing the hostility in terms of the characteristics of the same-sex parent 
C)  id, which attempts to rein in the sexual urges 
D)  time the child is 4 years old

Question 18

In terms of arousabililty,_____ are more arousable and have a more active _____ system.

Accepted Answer

A)  extraverts; behavioral inhibition 
B)  extraverts; behavioral approach 
C)  introverts; behavioral inhibition 
D)  introverts; behavioral approach 
A)  extraverts; behavioral inhibition 
B)  extraverts; behavioral approach 
C)  introverts; behavioral inhibition 
D)  introverts; behavioral approach

Question 19

If the planet was attacked by a strange virus that caused people to lose the use of their frontal lobes,people would:

Accepted Answer

A)  lose their self-awareness 
B)  become excessively fearful of other people 
C)  become narcissistic and self-focused 
D)  become more organized in their behavior 
A)  lose their self-awareness 
B)  become excessively fearful of other people 
C)  become narcissistic and self-focused 
D)  become more organized in their behavior

Question 20

The cocktail party phenomenon provides evidence that:

Accepted Answer

A)  most people prefer being around others to being alone 
B)  when people gossip about others, they tend to do so in small groups rather than in large groups 
C)  people automatically and deeply process information relevant to the self 
D)  the behavioral inhibition system of extraverts is inactive during social situations 
A)  most people prefer being around others to being alone 
B)  when people gossip about others, they tend to do so in small groups rather than in large groups 
C)  people automatically and deeply process information relevant to the self 
D)  the behavioral inhibition system of extraverts is inactive during social situations

In terms of gender differences in personality:

Freud's stages of child and adolescent personality development are based on:

Jayda and LeMario had a disagreement and began to attack each other's character.Jayda told LeMario that he is "assertive." LeMario told Jayda that she is "neurotic." If Jayda is a "typical" female and LeMario is a "typical" male,which one has made an accurate personality assessment?

In terms of animal personality,conscientiousness has been observed:

According to interactionists,behavior at a funeral:

Kara,a 2-year-old,is a participant in a research study on infant temperament.Which of the following characteristics will likely NOT be assessed in this study?

Trait theories of personality differ from psychodynamic and humanistic approaches in that they:

In this psychosexual stage,the erogenous zone centers on the genitals:

Jason is involved in a personality research study,and he is asked to sort cards labeled with personality characteristics into different piles.The piles represent which characteristics describe Jason very well,somewhat well,and not at all well.The assessment given to Jason is very similar to the:

If you were a therapist who endorsed Carl Rogers's person-centered approach to therapy,how would you treat your client?

Greg has grown up to be a very aggressive person.Neither of his parents is aggressive.In addition,neither his schoolmates nor his neighbors are particularly aggressive.According to behavior geneticists,what might be happening?

Children raised to follow group norms and to submit to those in authority are living in a(n)_____ culture.

Shelly feels she is more attractive than most people,will be successful,and will have a high degree of control over the major decisions in her life.Which of these phenomena is Shelly most clearly showing?

Research has shown that,in predicting the behavior of those we know,we:

Your roommate is an extremely shy person.Research suggests that she:

Anna is a college student from the United States and Michiko is a college student from Japan.Both have taken the same personality assessment as part of a psychology research study.Which of these young women is likely to score higher in neuroticism,and why?

During the phallic stage,children develop hostility toward the same-sex parent because they desire an exclusive relationship with the opposite-sex parent.Freud argued that this conflict is typically resolved by the:

In terms of arousabililty,_ are more arousable and have a more active _ system.

If the planet was attacked by a strange virus that caused people to lose the use of their frontal lobes,people would:

The cocktail party phenomenon provides evidence that:

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Exam 13: Personality

In terms of gender differences in personality:

Freud's stages of child and adolescent personality development are based on:

Jayda and LeMario had a disagreement and began to attack each other's character.Jayda told LeMario that he is "assertive." LeMario told Jayda that she is "neurotic." If Jayda is a "typical" female and LeMario is a "typical" male,which one has made an accurate personality assessment?

In terms of animal personality,conscientiousness has been observed:

According to interactionists,behavior at a funeral:

Kara,a 2-year-old,is a participant in a research study on infant temperament.Which of the following characteristics will likely NOT be assessed in this study?

Trait theories of personality differ from psychodynamic and humanistic approaches in that they:

In this psychosexual stage,the erogenous zone centers on the genitals:

Jason is involved in a personality research study,and he is asked to sort cards labeled with personality characteristics into different piles.The piles represent which characteristics describe Jason very well,somewhat well,and not at all well.The assessment given to Jason is very similar to the:

If you were a therapist who endorsed Carl Rogers's person-centered approach to therapy,how would you treat your client?

Greg has grown up to be a very aggressive person.Neither of his parents is aggressive.In addition,neither his schoolmates nor his neighbors are particularly aggressive.According to behavior geneticists,what might be happening?

Children raised to follow group norms and to submit to those in authority are living in a(n)_____ culture.

Shelly feels she is more attractive than most people,will be successful,and will have a high degree of control over the major decisions in her life.Which of these phenomena is Shelly most clearly showing?

Research has shown that,in predicting the behavior of those we know,we:

Your roommate is an extremely shy person.Research suggests that she:

Anna is a college student from the United States and Michiko is a college student from Japan.Both have taken the same personality assessment as part of a psychology research study.Which of these young women is likely to score higher in neuroticism,and why?

During the phallic stage,children develop hostility toward the same-sex parent because they desire an exclusive relationship with the opposite-sex parent.Freud argued that this conflict is typically resolved by the:

In terms of arousabililty,_____ are more arousable and have a more active _____ system.

If the planet was attacked by a strange virus that caused people to lose the use of their frontal lobes,people would:

The cocktail party phenomenon provides evidence that:

The Science of Psychology

Research Methodology

Biology and Behavior

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Attention and Memory

Thinking and Intelligence

Human Development

Emotion and Motivation

Health and Well-Being

Social Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

In terms of arousabililty,_ are more arousable and have a more active _ system.