Question 1

What body signal, interpreted by the brain stem, will cause the diaphragm to contract?

Accepted Answer

A)  levels of oxygen in the blood 
B)  levels of carbon dioxide in the blood 
C)  levels of carbon monoxide in the blood 
D)  levels of hemoglobin in the blood 
A)  levels of oxygen in the blood 
B)  levels of carbon dioxide in the blood 
C)  levels of carbon monoxide in the blood 
D)  levels of hemoglobin in the blood

Question 2

"Diver's reflex" is a response to diving in many aquatic mammals and also occurs in humans upon submersion in water. It is characterized by physiological changes that decrease oxygen consumption, such as a slowed heart rate. Which region of the heart would be directly affected by the nervous system to allow for the slowing of heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  SA node 
B)  AV node 
C)  left ventricle 
D)  right ventricle 
A)  SA node 
B)  AV node 
C)  left ventricle 
D)  right ventricle

Question 3

Which structures have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards?

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries 
B)  capillaries 
C)  veins 
D)  SA node 
A)  arteries 
B)  capillaries 
C)  veins 
D)  SA node

Question 4

What is the purpose of the respiratory pigments that are specialized proteins in blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  They contain metal ions. 
B)  They occur only in insects. 
C)  They increase the efficiency of carbon dioxide transport. 
D)  They turn the blood blue when oxygen is bound. 
A)  They contain metal ions. 
B)  They occur only in insects. 
C)  They increase the efficiency of carbon dioxide transport. 
D)  They turn the blood blue when oxygen is bound.

Question 5

True or false: The majority of deaths due to smoking result from cardiovascular disease, not lung cancer or other lung diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which pathway correctly traces a drop of blood through the vascular system?

Accepted Answer

A)  right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, body, right atrium 
B)  left ventricle, lungs, right atrium, right ventricle, body, left atrium 
C)  right ventricle, lungs, right atrium, left ventricle, body, left atrium 
D)  left ventricle, lungs, left atrium, right ventricle, body, right atrium 
A)  right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle, body, right atrium 
B)  left ventricle, lungs, right atrium, right ventricle, body, left atrium 
C)  right ventricle, lungs, right atrium, left ventricle, body, left atrium 
D)  left ventricle, lungs, left atrium, right ventricle, body, right atrium

Question 7

Economy-class syndrome is a condition that develops after long plane rides in which individuals are seated in a cramped position with little leg room. Based on your knowledge of the cardiovascular system, which consequence might result from this syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased risk for heart attack 
B)  increased risk for thrombosis 
C)  increased risk for developing hypertension 
D)  increased risk for swelling in the brain 
A)  increased risk for heart attack 
B)  increased risk for thrombosis 
C)  increased risk for developing hypertension 
D)  increased risk for swelling in the brain

Question 8

What is the chemical in tobacco smoke that's able to activate the brain's reward pathways, thus making smoking a very addictive process?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the chemical in tobacco smoke...

Question 9

About how many years after quitting smoking does it take for the risk of heart disease and death to return to the levels similar to those seen in people who never smoked?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  5 
C)  10 
D)  15 
A)  1 
B)  5 
C)  10 
D)  15

Question 10

In which blood vessels do the exchange of gases and other materials occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries 
B)  veins 
C)  capillaries 
D)  right atrium 
A)  arteries 
B)  veins 
C)  capillaries 
D)  right atrium

Question 11

In the alveoli and lung capillaries, how are carbon dioxide and oxygen exchanged?

Accepted Answer

A)  by endocytosis 
B)  by osmosis 
C)  by diffusion 
D)  by phagocytosis 
A)  by endocytosis 
B)  by osmosis 
C)  by diffusion 
D)  by phagocytosis

Question 12

How do the substances in tobacco smoke increase your risk for stroke and heart attack?

Accepted Answer

A)  They promote the production of fibrinogen. 
B)  They decrease platelet aggregation. 
C)  They decrease the probability of clot formation. 
D)  They decrease the risk for hypertension. 
A)  They promote the production of fibrinogen. 
B)  They decrease platelet aggregation. 
C)  They decrease the probability of clot formation. 
D)  They decrease the risk for hypertension.

Question 13

In which blood vessels is blood pressure the lowest?

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries 
B)  capillaries 
C)  veins 
D)  left ventricle 
A)  arteries 
B)  capillaries 
C)  veins 
D)  left ventricle

Question 14

What is the purpose of the platelets, an important cell type within human blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  They provide glucose to tissues. 
B)  They carry oxygen to body cells. 
C)  They help form a clot at the site of a wound. 
D)  They carry antibodies against infections. 
A)  They provide glucose to tissues. 
B)  They carry oxygen to body cells. 
C)  They help form a clot at the site of a wound. 
D)  They carry antibodies against infections.

Question 15

In southern copperhead snake venom, you'll find a protein called a disintegrin. Disintegrins bind to a class of membrane receptors called integrins. Platelets use integrin receptors to aggregate at a site of tissue damage. What effect do you think disintegrin has on the snake's prey?

Accepted Answer

A)  After the snake bites its prey, the molecule helps in wound healing. 
B)  The molecule helps kill the snake's prey by producing large clots that cause heart attacks and strokes. 
C)  The molecule interferes with clot formation so the venom can travel through the body more efficiently. 
D)  By binding to the platelets, the molecule increases the formation of fibrin. 
A)  After the snake bites its prey, the molecule helps in wound healing. 
B)  The molecule helps kill the snake's prey by producing large clots that cause heart attacks and strokes. 
C)  The molecule interferes with clot formation so the venom can travel through the body more efficiently. 
D)  By binding to the platelets, the molecule increases the formation of fibrin.

Question 16

Which statement about respiration is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inhalation is a passive process. 
B)  Exhalation is an active process during intense exercise. 
C)  During exhalation, the pressure in the lung decreases. 
D)  During inhalation, the diaphragm relaxes. 
A)  Inhalation is a passive process. 
B)  Exhalation is an active process during intense exercise. 
C)  During exhalation, the pressure in the lung decreases. 
D)  During inhalation, the diaphragm relaxes.

Question 17

What results when the surfactant in the lungs is affected by smoking?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased respiratory surface area 
B)  decreased gas exchange in the alveoli 
C)  reduced ability of hemoglobin to carry oxygen 
D)  increased concentrations of carbon monoxide 
A)  increased respiratory surface area 
B)  decreased gas exchange in the alveoli 
C)  reduced ability of hemoglobin to carry oxygen 
D)  increased concentrations of carbon monoxide

Question 18

What term describes the many components of tobacco smoke that are known to cause cancer?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What term describes the many components of...

Question 19

Which best describes an artery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arteries carry blood away from the heart. 
B)  Arteries carry oxygenated blood. 
C)  Arteries contain valves. 
D)  Arteries have thinner walls than veins. 
A)  Arteries carry blood away from the heart. 
B)  Arteries carry oxygenated blood. 
C)  Arteries contain valves. 
D)  Arteries have thinner walls than veins.

Question 20

What potential consequence on the cardiovascular system may result from smoking?

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in the production of HDL 
B)  a decrease in the production of LDL 
C)  a higher risk of atherosclerosis 
D)  an increase in the risk for lung cancer 
A)  an increase in the production of HDL 
B)  a decrease in the production of LDL 
C)  a higher risk of atherosclerosis 
D)  an increase in the risk for lung cancer

Exam 19: Clearing the Air: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems

What body signal, interpreted by the brain stem, will cause the diaphragm to contract?

Which structures have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards?

What is the purpose of the respiratory pigments that are specialized proteins in blood?

True or false: The majority of deaths due to smoking result from cardiovascular disease, not lung cancer or other lung diseases.

Which pathway correctly traces a drop of blood through the vascular system?

Economy-class syndrome is a condition that develops after long plane rides in which individuals are seated in a cramped position with little leg room. Based on your knowledge of the cardiovascular system, which consequence might result from this syndrome?

What is the chemical in tobacco smoke that's able to activate the brain's reward pathways, thus making smoking a very addictive process?

About how many years after quitting smoking does it take for the risk of heart disease and death to return to the levels similar to those seen in people who never smoked?

In which blood vessels do the exchange of gases and other materials occur?

In the alveoli and lung capillaries, how are carbon dioxide and oxygen exchanged?

How do the substances in tobacco smoke increase your risk for stroke and heart attack?

In which blood vessels is blood pressure the lowest?

What is the purpose of the platelets, an important cell type within human blood?

In southern copperhead snake venom, you'll find a protein called a disintegrin. Disintegrins bind to a class of membrane receptors called integrins. Platelets use integrin receptors to aggregate at a site of tissue damage. What effect do you think disintegrin has on the snake's prey?

Which statement about respiration is true?

What results when the surfactant in the lungs is affected by smoking?

What term describes the many components of tobacco smoke that are known to cause cancer?

Which best describes an artery?

What potential consequence on the cardiovascular system may result from smoking?

Can Science Cure the Common Cold Introduction to the Scientific Method

Science Fiction, Bad Science, and Pseudoscience:

Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Performance and Health

Body Weight and Health: Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration

Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Climate Change

Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Are You Only As Smart As Your Genes Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and Dna Profiling

Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene Expression, Mutation,

Where Did We Come From the Evidence for Evolution

An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

Who Am I Species and Races

The Greatest Species on Earth Biodiversity and Classification

Is the Human Population Too Large Population Ecology

Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Where Do You Live Climate and Biomes

Organ Donation: Tissues and Organs

Binge Drinking: the Digestive and Urinary Systems

Vaccination: Protection and Prevention or Peril Immune System,

Human Sex Differences: Endocrine, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Is There Something in the Water Reproductive and Developmental Biology

Study Drugs: Brain Boost or Brain Drain Brain Structure and Function

Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth

Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology

Filters