Question 1

What type of cells respond to a particular hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  glandular 
B)  target 
C)  receptive 
D)  endocrine 
A)  glandular 
B)  target 
C)  receptive 
D)  endocrine B

Question 2

The lack of which hormone would cause an adult man to exhibit a low sperm count and possibly be infertile?

Accepted Answer

A)  LH 
B)  FSH 
C)  adrenaline 
D)  estrogen 
A)  LH 
B)  FSH 
C)  adrenaline 
D)  estrogen B

Question 3

In general, what hormone is produced in greater quantities in males that allows them to have a greater muscle mass than females?

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenaline 
B)  testosterone 
C)  estrogen 
D)  growth hormone 
A)  adrenaline 
B)  testosterone 
C)  estrogen 
D)  growth hormone B

Question 4

How does a sarcomere shorten using the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other. 
B)  As they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, while myosin filaments do not shorten. 
C)  Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten, but they do slide past each other. 
D)  As they slide past each other, myosin filaments shorten, while actin filaments do not shorten. 
A)  Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other. 
B)  As they slide past each other, actin filaments shorten, while myosin filaments do not shorten. 
C)  Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten, but they do slide past each other. 
D)  As they slide past each other, myosin filaments shorten, while actin filaments do not shorten.

Question 5

Which body structure is part of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

A)  skull 
B)  legs 
C)  arms 
D)  hips 
A)  skull 
B)  legs 
C)  arms 
D)  hips

Question 6

Teri brings her husband, Liam, with her to the gym and signs them both up for a one-hour aerobics class. After 20 minutes, Liam is visibly fatigued, even though he is a regular at the gym, lifting weights and playing basketball. What might explain why he is fatigued while his wife, although working hard, is not struggling?

Accepted Answer

A)  Females use more fat for energy and endurance exercises. 
B)  Males have very little fat from which to obtain energy during endurance exercises. 
C)  Males are better at team sports than at individual exercise programs. 
D)  Teri's husband must not have eaten before coming to the gym. 
A)  Females use more fat for energy and endurance exercises. 
B)  Males have very little fat from which to obtain energy during endurance exercises. 
C)  Males are better at team sports than at individual exercise programs. 
D)  Teri's husband must not have eaten before coming to the gym.

Question 7

You have just eaten a candy bar and your blood glucose levels are rising. This will activate which organ of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreas 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  thymus 
D)  parathyroid gland 
A)  pancreas 
B)  thyroid gland 
C)  thymus 
D)  parathyroid gland

Question 8

Which bones do not differ between males and females of similar sizes?

Accepted Answer

A)  mandibles 
B)  temporal bones 
C)  vertebral columns 
D)  frontal bones 
A)  mandibles 
B)  temporal bones 
C)  vertebral columns 
D)  frontal bones

Question 9

Why are women more proficient than men on the balance beam apparatus used in gymnastics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women have a higher center of gravity because their legs are long relative to their torsos. 
B)  Women have a lower center of gravity because their arms are long relative to their legs. 
C)  Women have a higher center of gravity because their arms are long relative to their torsos. 
D)  Women have a lower center of gravity because their torsos are long relative to leg length. 
A)  Women have a higher center of gravity because their legs are long relative to their torsos. 
B)  Women have a lower center of gravity because their arms are long relative to their legs. 
C)  Women have a higher center of gravity because their arms are long relative to their torsos. 
D)  Women have a lower center of gravity because their torsos are long relative to leg length.

Question 10

Arm and leg muscles are arranged in antagonistic pairs. How does this affect their functioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  It provides a backup if one of the muscles is injured. 
B)  One muscle of the pair pushes while the other pulls. 
C)  It allows the muscles to produce opposing movements. 
D)  It allows one group of muscles to have fast-twitch fibers and the other to have slow-twitch fibers. 
A)  It provides a backup if one of the muscles is injured. 
B)  One muscle of the pair pushes while the other pulls. 
C)  It allows the muscles to produce opposing movements. 
D)  It allows one group of muscles to have fast-twitch fibers and the other to have slow-twitch fibers.

Question 11

While ________ are involved in bone deposition, ________ are involved in the breakdown of bone tissue.

Accepted Answer

osteoblast

Question 12

Which change is a sign of puberty occurring in males?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased fat deposition 
B)  breast development 
C)  underarm hair growth 
D)  widening of hips 
A)  increased fat deposition 
B)  breast development 
C)  underarm hair growth 
D)  widening of hips

Question 13

Which structure controls the activity of all the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  ovary 
B)  testis 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  pituitary gland 
A)  ovary 
B)  testis 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  pituitary gland

Question 14

When a person dies, muscles become rigid and fixed in position. This is a condition known as rigor mortis. Why does rigor mortis occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP is not available to release myosin heads from actin filaments. 
B)  Muscle fibers break down quickly in the absence of oxygen. 
C)  ATP is not available to cause sarcomeres to shorten. 
D)  The human skeletal system locks together after death. 
A)  ATP is not available to release myosin heads from actin filaments. 
B)  Muscle fibers break down quickly in the absence of oxygen. 
C)  ATP is not available to cause sarcomeres to shorten. 
D)  The human skeletal system locks together after death.

Question 15

When working out with his wife, Ed has noticed he has to drink much more Gatorade than his wife does following their workouts. What fact could explain this difference in their workout requirements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Females utilize glucose more efficiently than males. 
B)  Females utilize more fat to produce energy than males. 
C)  Females effectively increase their glucose metabolism during exercise compared to males. 
D)  Females store more body sugars than males. 
A)  Females utilize glucose more efficiently than males. 
B)  Females utilize more fat to produce energy than males. 
C)  Females effectively increase their glucose metabolism during exercise compared to males. 
D)  Females store more body sugars than males.

Question 16

You're treating a patient who is abnormally short and find normal blood levels of growth hormone. Based on this evidence, what can you determine about the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patient has a tumor in the pituitary gland. 
B)  The patient lacks a functional pituitary gland. 
C)  The patient lacks receptors for growth hormone. 
D)  The patient lacks a functional circulatory system. 
A)  The patient has a tumor in the pituitary gland. 
B)  The patient lacks a functional pituitary gland. 
C)  The patient lacks receptors for growth hormone. 
D)  The patient lacks a functional circulatory system.

Question 17

Why does skeletal muscle have a striated appearance?

Accepted Answer

A)  dark color of myosin 
B)  dense array of microtubules 
C)  dense packing of ATP molecules 
D)  regular arrangement of myofibrils 
A)  dark color of myosin 
B)  dense array of microtubules 
C)  dense packing of ATP molecules 
D)  regular arrangement of myofibrils

Question 18

A pitcher throws a baseball by lowering the forearm to straighten the arm. During this movement, the biceps muscle ________ and the triceps muscle ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  contracts; relaxes 
B)  relaxes; contracts 
C)  relaxes; relaxes 
D)  contracts; contracts 
A)  contracts; relaxes 
B)  relaxes; contracts 
C)  relaxes; relaxes 
D)  contracts; contracts

Question 19

Which component of bone tissue forms the hard outer shell of bones?

Accepted Answer

A)  bone marrow 
B)  compact bone 
C)  spongy bone 
D)  cartilage 
A)  bone marrow 
B)  compact bone 
C)  spongy bone 
D)  cartilage

Question 20

-Refer to the figure to answer the following question: Which component of bone is responsible for producing blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  cartilage 
B)  marrow 
C)  spongy bone 
D)  compact bone 
A)  cartilage 
B)  marrow 
C)  spongy bone 
D)  compact bone

Exam 21: Human Sex Differences: Endocrine, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems

What type of cells respond to a particular hormone?

The lack of which hormone would cause an adult man to exhibit a low sperm count and possibly be infertile?

In general, what hormone is produced in greater quantities in males that allows them to have a greater muscle mass than females?

How does a sarcomere shorten using the sliding filament mechanism of muscle contraction?

Which body structure is part of the axial skeleton?

You have just eaten a candy bar and your blood glucose levels are rising. This will activate which organ of the endocrine system?

Which bones do not differ between males and females of similar sizes?

Why are women more proficient than men on the balance beam apparatus used in gymnastics?

Arm and leg muscles are arranged in antagonistic pairs. How does this affect their functioning?

While ________ are involved in bone deposition, ________ are involved in the breakdown of bone tissue.

Which change is a sign of puberty occurring in males?

Which structure controls the activity of all the others?

When a person dies, muscles become rigid and fixed in position. This is a condition known as rigor mortis. Why does rigor mortis occur?

When working out with his wife, Ed has noticed he has to drink much more Gatorade than his wife does following their workouts. What fact could explain this difference in their workout requirements?

You're treating a patient who is abnormally short and find normal blood levels of growth hormone. Based on this evidence, what can you determine about the patient?

Why does skeletal muscle have a striated appearance?

A pitcher throws a baseball by lowering the forearm to straighten the arm. During this movement, the biceps muscle ________ and the triceps muscle ________.

Which component of bone tissue forms the hard outer shell of bones?

-Refer to the figure to answer the following question: Which component of bone is responsible for producing blood cells?

Can Science Cure the Common Cold Introduction to the Scientific Method

Science Fiction, Bad Science, and Pseudoscience:

Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Performance and Health

Body Weight and Health: Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration

Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Climate Change

Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Are You Only As Smart As Your Genes Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and Dna Profiling

Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene Expression, Mutation,

Where Did We Come From the Evidence for Evolution

An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

Who Am I Species and Races

The Greatest Species on Earth Biodiversity and Classification

Is the Human Population Too Large Population Ecology

Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Where Do You Live Climate and Biomes

Organ Donation: Tissues and Organs

Binge Drinking: the Digestive and Urinary Systems

Clearing the Air: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems

Vaccination: Protection and Prevention or Peril Immune System,

Is There Something in the Water Reproductive and Developmental Biology

Study Drugs: Brain Boost or Brain Drain Brain Structure and Function

Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth

Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology

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While are involved in bone deposition, are involved in the breakdown of bone tissue.

A pitcher throws a baseball by lowering the forearm to straighten the arm. During this movement, the biceps muscle and the triceps muscle .