Question 1

Which group underwent a large increase in diversity during the Cambrian explosion?

Accepted Answer

A)  animals 
B)  plants 
C)  fungi 
D)  bacteria 
A)  animals 
B)  plants 
C)  fungi 
D)  bacteria

Question 2

What does the main trunk at the far left of the "tree of life" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  all extinct members of the lineage 
B)  the earliest common ancestor of all the organisms in the tree 
C)  the most successful members of the lineage 
D)  the organisms for which most fossils have been discovered 
A)  all extinct members of the lineage 
B)  the earliest common ancestor of all the organisms in the tree 
C)  the most successful members of the lineage 
D)  the organisms for which most fossils have been discovered

Question 3

True or false: Organisms on Earth are currently classified first as either plant or animal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What is the adaptive value of natural antibiotic production for fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria use fungi for food. 
B)  Bacteria spoil the food that the fungi need for their own nutrition. 
C)  Bacteria are the main competitors with fungi for food. 
D)  Bacteria inhibit the reproduction of fungi. 
A)  Bacteria use fungi for food. 
B)  Bacteria spoil the food that the fungi need for their own nutrition. 
C)  Bacteria are the main competitors with fungi for food. 
D)  Bacteria inhibit the reproduction of fungi.

Question 5

To which group are organisms in kingdom Fungi most closely related?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plantae 
B)  Protista 
C)  Animalia 
D)  Bacteria 
A)  Plantae 
B)  Protista 
C)  Animalia 
D)  Bacteria

Question 6

-Fossils of ancient organisms are found in deep layers of rock, while the fossils of more recent organisms are found in shallower layers. Which two groups' common ancestor would be found in relatively shallow fossils?

Accepted Answer

A)  protists and bacteria 
B)  fungi and archaea 
C)  animals and plants 
D)  plants and protists 
A)  protists and bacteria 
B)  fungi and archaea 
C)  animals and plants 
D)  plants and protists

Question 7

True or false: Organisms that live in habitats with high levels of competition are more likely to produce defensive chemicals than those that live with little competition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Mycorrhizae are fungi that are symbiotic with plants. What is the likely relationship between these fungi and plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fungi provide soil nutrients to the plants; the plants provide food to the fungi. 
B)  The fungi remove bacteria from the soil; the plants provide water to the fungi. 
C)  The fungi provide CO₂ to the plants; the plants protect the fungi from predators. 
D)  The fungi remove predators from the plants; the plants provide shelter for the fungi. 
A)  The fungi provide soil nutrients to the plants; the plants provide food to the fungi. 
B)  The fungi remove bacteria from the soil; the plants provide water to the fungi. 
C)  The fungi provide CO₂ to the plants; the plants protect the fungi from predators. 
D)  The fungi remove predators from the plants; the plants provide shelter for the fungi.

Question 9

What significant event occurred during the Cambrian explosion in Earth's history?

Accepted Answer

A)  life first appeared 
B)  eukaryotes first appeared 
C)  plants first appeared 
D)  multicellular animals first appeared 
A)  life first appeared 
B)  eukaryotes first appeared 
C)  plants first appeared 
D)  multicellular animals first appeared

Question 10

How are prokaryotes different from eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryotes have no DNA. 
B)  Prokaryotes have no nucleus separating the DNA from the rest of the cell. 
C)  Prokaryotes are unicellular, while eukaryotes are multicellular. 
D)  Prokaryotes cause disease, but eukaryotes don't. 
A)  Prokaryotes have no DNA. 
B)  Prokaryotes have no nucleus separating the DNA from the rest of the cell. 
C)  Prokaryotes are unicellular, while eukaryotes are multicellular. 
D)  Prokaryotes cause disease, but eukaryotes don't.

Question 11

According to the most current classifications, which group is the most different from all the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria 
B)  fungi 
C)  animals 
D)  archaea 
A)  bacteria 
B)  fungi 
C)  animals 
D)  archaea

Question 12

Which statement describes viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses are living cells that can invade other organisms. 
B)  Viruses use energy to perform life functions. 
C)  Viruses use host cells to make more viruses. 
D)  Viruses will die unless they are inside an organism. 
A)  Viruses are living cells that can invade other organisms. 
B)  Viruses use energy to perform life functions. 
C)  Viruses use host cells to make more viruses. 
D)  Viruses will die unless they are inside an organism.

Question 13

In what way is a member of domain Archaea similar to a member of domain Bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are both photosynthetic. 
B)  They both live in extreme environments. 
C)  They both have DNA enclosed in a nucleus. 
D)  They are both prokaryotic cells. 
A)  They are both photosynthetic. 
B)  They both live in extreme environments. 
C)  They both have DNA enclosed in a nucleus. 
D)  They are both prokaryotic cells.

Question 14

What is the best way to test a hypothetical evolutionary classification among living organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  analysis of embryonic development 
B)  analysis of physical structures 
C)  analysis of DNA sequence 
D)  analysis of habitat 
A)  analysis of embryonic development 
B)  analysis of physical structures 
C)  analysis of DNA sequence 
D)  analysis of habitat

Question 15

When plants first colonized land, the space they occupied was two-dimensional: the surface of the land. Which adaptation allowed plants to occupy a three-dimensional environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  double fertilization 
B)  seeds 
C)  vascular system 
D)  flowers 
A)  double fertilization 
B)  seeds 
C)  vascular system 
D)  flowers

Question 16

What organisms form mats of long, thin chains of cells and are important in decomposition?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What organisms form mats of long, thin...

Question 17

For how long were prokaryotes the only kind of life on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 million years 
B)  500 million years 
C)  1 billion years 
D)  1.5 billion years 
A)  100 million years 
B)  500 million years 
C)  1 billion years 
D)  1.5 billion years

Question 18

Algae are classified as part of which group?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plantae 
B)  Protista 
C)  Fungi 
D)  Archaea 
A)  Plantae 
B)  Protista 
C)  Fungi 
D)  Archaea

Question 19

Dr. Smith has discovered a bird that he believes is a new species. Dr. Wilson says he will only be convinced if Dr. Smith finds several more birds of the same type. Why might Dr. Wilson feel this way?

Accepted Answer

A)  He wants to be sure Dr. Smith hasn't killed the last one and made the species extinct. 
B)  He wants to be sure that the bird Dr. Smith found isn't just an unusual example of an already-described species. 
C)  He wants to make sure that there will be enough specimens for many scientists to study the bird and see if it is a new species. 
D)  All the bird species have already been described, so there can't be anymore. 
A)  He wants to be sure Dr. Smith hasn't killed the last one and made the species extinct. 
B)  He wants to be sure that the bird Dr. Smith found isn't just an unusual example of an already-described species. 
C)  He wants to make sure that there will be enough specimens for many scientists to study the bird and see if it is a new species. 
D)  All the bird species have already been described, so there can't be anymore.

Question 20

What were the Ediacaran fauna?

Accepted Answer

A)  organisms that seem to be the first life on Earth 
B)  symbiotic organisms that evolved into cellular organelles 
C)  the first multicellular organisms found in the fossil record 
D)  the most ancient ancestors of organisms in kingdom Protista 
A)  organisms that seem to be the first life on Earth 
B)  symbiotic organisms that evolved into cellular organelles 
C)  the first multicellular organisms found in the fossil record 
D)  the most ancient ancestors of organisms in kingdom Protista

Exam 13: The Greatest Species on Earth Biodiversity and Classification

Which group underwent a large increase in diversity during the Cambrian explosion?

What does the main trunk at the far left of the "tree of life" represent?

True or false: Organisms on Earth are currently classified first as either plant or animal.

What is the adaptive value of natural antibiotic production for fungi?

To which group are organisms in kingdom Fungi most closely related?

-Fossils of ancient organisms are found in deep layers of rock, while the fossils of more recent organisms are found in shallower layers. Which two groups' common ancestor would be found in relatively shallow fossils?

True or false: Organisms that live in habitats with high levels of competition are more likely to produce defensive chemicals than those that live with little competition.

Mycorrhizae are fungi that are symbiotic with plants. What is the likely relationship between these fungi and plants?

What significant event occurred during the Cambrian explosion in Earth's history?

How are prokaryotes different from eukaryotes?

According to the most current classifications, which group is the most different from all the others?

Which statement describes viruses?

In what way is a member of domain Archaea similar to a member of domain Bacteria?

What is the best way to test a hypothetical evolutionary classification among living organisms?

When plants first colonized land, the space they occupied was two-dimensional: the surface of the land. Which adaptation allowed plants to occupy a three-dimensional environment?

What organisms form mats of long, thin chains of cells and are important in decomposition?

For how long were prokaryotes the only kind of life on Earth?

Algae are classified as part of which group?

Dr. Smith has discovered a bird that he believes is a new species. Dr. Wilson says he will only be convinced if Dr. Smith finds several more birds of the same type. Why might Dr. Wilson feel this way?

What were the Ediacaran fauna?

Can Science Cure the Common Cold Introduction to the Scientific Method

Science Fiction, Bad Science, and Pseudoscience:

Is It Possible to Supplement Your Way to Better Performance and Health

Body Weight and Health: Enzymes, Metabolism, and Cellular Respiration

Life in the Greenhouse: Photosynthesis and Climate Change

Cancer: DNA Synthesis, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Are You Only As Smart As Your Genes Mendelian and Quantitative Genetics

DNA Detective: Complex Patterns of Inheritance and Dna Profiling

Genetically Modified Organisms: Gene Expression, Mutation,

Where Did We Come From the Evidence for Evolution

An Evolving Enemy: Natural Selection

Who Am I Species and Races

Is the Human Population Too Large Population Ecology

Conserving Biodiversity: Community and Ecosystem Ecology

Where Do You Live Climate and Biomes

Organ Donation: Tissues and Organs

Binge Drinking: the Digestive and Urinary Systems

Clearing the Air: Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems

Vaccination: Protection and Prevention or Peril Immune System,

Human Sex Differences: Endocrine, Skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Is There Something in the Water Reproductive and Developmental Biology

Study Drugs: Brain Boost or Brain Drain Brain Structure and Function

Feeding the World: Plant Structure and Growth

Growing a Green Thumb: Plant Physiology

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