Question 1

Teratogens are

Accepted Answer

A)  drugs used to treat congenital birth defects. 
B)  genetic mutations that lead to disruptions in development. 
C)  environmental agents that cause disruptions in development. 
D)  chemical substances produced by the placenta to sustain fetal life. 
A)  drugs used to treat congenital birth defects. 
B)  genetic mutations that lead to disruptions in development. 
C)  environmental agents that cause disruptions in development. 
D)  chemical substances produced by the placenta to sustain fetal life.

Question 2

The frequency of neural tube defects has declined during the last two decades partly because of

Accepted Answer

A)  a better understanding of the nutritional needs early in pregnancy. 
B)  a better understanding of the need for exercise during the first few months of pregnancy. 
C)  the development of new drugs. 
D)  the introduction of new intrauterine surgical procedures. 
A)  a better understanding of the nutritional needs early in pregnancy. 
B)  a better understanding of the need for exercise during the first few months of pregnancy. 
C)  the development of new drugs. 
D)  the introduction of new intrauterine surgical procedures.

Question 3

The types of ________ that premature infants typically receive have been of considerable concern in terms of their consequences for social and psychological development.

Accepted Answer

A)  prescriptions 
B)  experiences 
C)  compensation 
D)  oscillation 
A)  prescriptions 
B)  experiences 
C)  compensation 
D)  oscillation

Question 4

One of the most consistent findings from studies examining the effects of smoking on prenatal development is that babies born to smokers

Accepted Answer

A)  are more likely to be mentally challenged than babies born to nonsmokers 
B)  are more likely to have learning disorders than babies born to nonsmokers. 
C)  are likely to be smaller in size than babies born to nonsmokers. 
D)  are not distinguishable from babies born to nonsmokers. 
A)  are more likely to be mentally challenged than babies born to nonsmokers 
B)  are more likely to have learning disorders than babies born to nonsmokers. 
C)  are likely to be smaller in size than babies born to nonsmokers. 
D)  are not distinguishable from babies born to nonsmokers.

Question 5

In the medical profession,________ refers to the age of the fetus or embryo as calculated from the date of the beginning of the mother's last menstrual period before conception.

Accepted Answer

A)  conceptual age 
B)  prenatal age 
C)  gestational age 
D)  obstetric age 
A)  conceptual age 
B)  prenatal age 
C)  gestational age 
D)  obstetric age

Question 6

The best opportunity for conception begins ________ the menstrual cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  during the morula period of 
B)  the first day of 
C)  twenty-eight days into 
D)  fourteen days into 
A)  during the morula period of 
B)  the first day of 
C)  twenty-eight days into 
D)  fourteen days into

Question 7

With respect to alcohol consumption during pregnancy,the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends

Accepted Answer

A)  complete abstinence during pregnancy because no safe dose for alcohol has been established. 
B)  no more than one drink per week as this has been demonstrated to be safe. 
C)  no more than one drink per week during the first trimester and no more than one drink per day during the third trimester. 
D)  no alcohol in the first trimester and no more than two drinks per month thereafter. 
A)  complete abstinence during pregnancy because no safe dose for alcohol has been established. 
B)  no more than one drink per week as this has been demonstrated to be safe. 
C)  no more than one drink per week during the first trimester and no more than one drink per day during the third trimester. 
D)  no alcohol in the first trimester and no more than two drinks per month thereafter.

Question 8

The first major task in caring for a low-birth-weight baby is

Accepted Answer

A)  to keep the infant asleep as much as possible. 
B)  to stimulate the infant as much as possible. 
C)  to feed the infant more often than a normal baby would require. 
D)  to maintain the infant's physiological stability. 
A)  to keep the infant asleep as much as possible. 
B)  to stimulate the infant as much as possible. 
C)  to feed the infant more often than a normal baby would require. 
D)  to maintain the infant's physiological stability.

Question 9

What risks does radiation pose as a teratogen?

Accepted Answer

Low doses of radiation have been linked

Question 10

The second stage of labor is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  contractions and cervical dilation. 
B)  continued descent of the baby into the birth canal and the birth. 
C)  expulsion of the placenta. 
D)  all of these. 
A)  contractions and cervical dilation. 
B)  continued descent of the baby into the birth canal and the birth. 
C)  expulsion of the placenta. 
D)  all of these.

Question 11

According to the principle of _______,the extent to which a teratogen will affect the fetus depends on the stage of development during which exposure to the teratogen occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  critical periods 
B)  teratogenic repair 
C)  susceptibility 
D)  developmental delay 
A)  critical periods 
B)  teratogenic repair 
C)  susceptibility 
D)  developmental delay

Question 12

The expelled egg cell,or ________,is carried into the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ovum;Fallopian tube 
B)  ovum;ovary 
C)  morula;follicle 
D)  morula;ovarian aqueduct 
A)  ovum;Fallopian tube 
B)  ovum;ovary 
C)  morula;follicle 
D)  morula;ovarian aqueduct

Question 13

Children born by means of assisted reproduction technologies grow up with

Accepted Answer

A)  more emotional and behavioral problems than other children. 
B)  less developed social skills and fewer friends than other children. 
C)  few emotional and behavioral problems. 
D)  diminished senses of self. 
A)  more emotional and behavioral problems than other children. 
B)  less developed social skills and fewer friends than other children. 
C)  few emotional and behavioral problems. 
D)  diminished senses of self.

Question 14

Explain how gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)can assist parents with fertility problems or genetic diseases.

Accepted Answer

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)inv

Question 15

The prognosis for children born to mothers who used cocaine during their pregnancies

Accepted Answer

A)  becomes increasingly bleak as the children get older. 
B)  improves markedly when interventions are undertaken to reduce risk factors. 
C)  improves as the children grow older. 
D)  is no different than the prognosis for children who are born to women who smoked cigarettes during pregnancy. 
A)  becomes increasingly bleak as the children get older. 
B)  improves markedly when interventions are undertaken to reduce risk factors. 
C)  improves as the children grow older. 
D)  is no different than the prognosis for children who are born to women who smoked cigarettes during pregnancy.

Question 16

The effects of everyday stressors on fetal development can be reduced by

Accepted Answer

A)  providing mothers with emotional and social support. 
B)  training expectant mothers to meditate. 
C)  prescribing sedative drugs. 
D)  providing psychotherapy for expectant mothers. 
A)  providing mothers with emotional and social support. 
B)  training expectant mothers to meditate. 
C)  prescribing sedative drugs. 
D)  providing psychotherapy for expectant mothers.

Question 17

Which one of the following statements demonstrates a commonality between smoking and alcohol consumption?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in oxygen creates accelerated growth and difficult delivery due to the abnormally large fetus. 
B)  A decrease in oxygen flow retards neural growth and decreases the flow of oxygen-rich blood in the fetus. 
C)  FAS can be caused by either alcohol consumption or smoking. 
D)  Neither smoking nor alcohol consumption can be scientifically determined as causal mechanisms in birth defects. 
A)  An increase in oxygen creates accelerated growth and difficult delivery due to the abnormally large fetus. 
B)  A decrease in oxygen flow retards neural growth and decreases the flow of oxygen-rich blood in the fetus. 
C)  FAS can be caused by either alcohol consumption or smoking. 
D)  Neither smoking nor alcohol consumption can be scientifically determined as causal mechanisms in birth defects.

Question 18

The psychoactive ingredient associated with marijuana

Accepted Answer

A)  can be transferred postnatally through the mother's milk. 
B)  increases the length of gestation. 
C)  cannot cross the placental barrier. 
D)  increases the frequency of miscarriages and congenital anomalies. 
A)  can be transferred postnatally through the mother's milk. 
B)  increases the length of gestation. 
C)  cannot cross the placental barrier. 
D)  increases the frequency of miscarriages and congenital anomalies.

Question 19

In which assisted reproduction procedure are eggs removed from a woman's ovaries,fertilized in a dish with the prospective father's sperm,and transferred to another woman's uterus?

Accepted Answer

A)  Surrogacy 
B)  Artificial insemination by donor 
C)  In vitro fertilization 
D)  Gamete intrafallopian transfer 
A)  Surrogacy 
B)  Artificial insemination by donor 
C)  In vitro fertilization 
D)  Gamete intrafallopian transfer

Question 20

Which of the following is not true concerning radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low-level radiation poses little risk to the developing fetus. 
B)  Radiation can lead to skeletal defects in the developing fetus. 
C)  Radiation can lead to spontaneous abortion. 
D)  Radiation was one of the earliest confirmed teratogens. 
A)  Low-level radiation poses little risk to the developing fetus. 
B)  Radiation can lead to skeletal defects in the developing fetus. 
C)  Radiation can lead to spontaneous abortion. 
D)  Radiation was one of the earliest confirmed teratogens.

Teratogens are

The frequency of neural tube defects has declined during the last two decades partly because of

The types of ________ that premature infants typically receive have been of considerable concern in terms of their consequences for social and psychological development.

One of the most consistent findings from studies examining the effects of smoking on prenatal development is that babies born to smokers

In the medical profession,________ refers to the age of the fetus or embryo as calculated from the date of the beginning of the mother's last menstrual period before conception.

The best opportunity for conception begins ________ the menstrual cycle.

With respect to alcohol consumption during pregnancy,the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends

The first major task in caring for a low-birth-weight baby is

What risks does radiation pose as a teratogen?

The second stage of labor is characterized by

According to the principle of _______,the extent to which a teratogen will affect the fetus depends on the stage of development during which exposure to the teratogen occurs.

The expelled egg cell,or ,is carried into the .

Children born by means of assisted reproduction technologies grow up with

Explain how gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)can assist parents with fertility problems or genetic diseases.

The prognosis for children born to mothers who used cocaine during their pregnancies

The effects of everyday stressors on fetal development can be reduced by

Which one of the following statements demonstrates a commonality between smoking and alcohol consumption?

The psychoactive ingredient associated with marijuana

In which assisted reproduction procedure are eggs removed from a woman's ovaries,fertilized in a dish with the prospective father's sperm,and transferred to another woman's uterus?

Which of the following is not true concerning radiation?

Themes and Theories

Studying Child Development

Genetics and Heredity

Brain, Motor Skill, and Physical Development

Basic Learning and Perception

Language

Cognition

Social Cognition

Achievement

Emotion

Self and Values

Gender

The Family

Peers

Beyond Family and Peers

Filters

Exam 4: The Prenatal Period and Birth

Teratogens are

The frequency of neural tube defects has declined during the last two decades partly because of

The types of ________ that premature infants typically receive have been of considerable concern in terms of their consequences for social and psychological development.

One of the most consistent findings from studies examining the effects of smoking on prenatal development is that babies born to smokers

In the medical profession,________ refers to the age of the fetus or embryo as calculated from the date of the beginning of the mother's last menstrual period before conception.

The best opportunity for conception begins ________ the menstrual cycle.

With respect to alcohol consumption during pregnancy,the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends

The first major task in caring for a low-birth-weight baby is

What risks does radiation pose as a teratogen?

The second stage of labor is characterized by

According to the principle of _______,the extent to which a teratogen will affect the fetus depends on the stage of development during which exposure to the teratogen occurs.

The expelled egg cell,or ________,is carried into the ________.

Children born by means of assisted reproduction technologies grow up with

Explain how gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)can assist parents with fertility problems or genetic diseases.

The prognosis for children born to mothers who used cocaine during their pregnancies

The effects of everyday stressors on fetal development can be reduced by

Which one of the following statements demonstrates a commonality between smoking and alcohol consumption?

The psychoactive ingredient associated with marijuana

In which assisted reproduction procedure are eggs removed from a woman's ovaries,fertilized in a dish with the prospective father's sperm,and transferred to another woman's uterus?

Which of the following is not true concerning radiation?

Themes and Theories

Studying Child Development

Genetics and Heredity

Brain, Motor Skill, and Physical Development

Basic Learning and Perception

Language

Cognition

Social Cognition

Achievement

Emotion

Self and Values

Gender

The Family

Peers

Beyond Family and Peers

Filters

The expelled egg cell,or ,is carried into the .