Question 1

Which of the following may be used as trigger variables?
I. Pressure
II. Flow
III. Volume
V. Time

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  I and II 
C)  I, II, and III 
D)  I, II, III, and IV 
A)  I 
B)  I and II 
C)  I, II, and III 
D)  I, II, III, and IV D

Question 2

Which of the following trigger variables is based on the electrical activity of the diaphragm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flow triggering 
B)  Pressure triggering 
C)  NAVA 
D)  Time triggering 
A)  Flow triggering 
B)  Pressure triggering 
C)  NAVA 
D)  Time triggering C

Question 3

The ventilator breath ending once time reaches a preset value best describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  time triggering. 
B)  time limiting. 
C)  time cycling. 
D)  None of these is correct. 
A)  time triggering. 
B)  time limiting. 
C)  time cycling. 
D)  None of these is correct. C

Question 4

Which of the following is (are) a source of input power?
I. Electricity
II. Pneumatics
III. Spring tension

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  I and II 
D)  I, II, and III 
A)  I 
B)  II 
C)  I and II 
D)  I, II, and III

Question 5

During spontaneous ventilation, elevated baseline pressure is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). 
B)  positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). 
C)  the pressure limit. 
D)  the pressure trigger. 
A)  continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). 
B)  positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP). 
C)  the pressure limit. 
D)  the pressure trigger.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a trigger variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  A variable that rises to a preset value and remains constant during inspiration 
B)  A variable that is measured and used to control the ventilator's output 
C)  A variable that initiates the start of inspiration 
D)  A variable that determines the end of inspiration 
A)  A variable that rises to a preset value and remains constant during inspiration 
B)  A variable that is measured and used to control the ventilator's output 
C)  A variable that initiates the start of inspiration 
D)  A variable that determines the end of inspiration

Question 7

Given a volume change of 500 mL with a pleural pressure change of 5 cm H2O, what is the pulmonary compliance?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 mL/cm H2O 
B)  500 mL/cm H2O 
C)  5 mL/cm H2O 
D)  50 mL/cm H2O 
A)  100 mL/cm H2O 
B)  500 mL/cm H2O 
C)  5 mL/cm H2O 
D)  50 mL/cm H2O

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a limit variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  A variable that rises to a preset value and remains constant during inspiration 
B)  A variable that is measured and used to control the ventilator's output 
C)  A variable that initiates the start of inspiration 
D)  A variable that determines the end of inspiration 
A)  A variable that rises to a preset value and remains constant during inspiration 
B)  A variable that is measured and used to control the ventilator's output 
C)  A variable that initiates the start of inspiration 
D)  A variable that determines the end of inspiration

Question 9

The volume change that occurs as a result of thoracic expansion is an application of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Hook's law. 
B)  Charles' law. 
C)  Boyle's law. 
D)  Poiseuille's law. 
A)  Hook's law. 
B)  Charles' law. 
C)  Boyle's law. 
D)  Poiseuille's law.

Question 10

Which of the following is the most common baseline variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pressure 
B)  Flow 
C)  Volume 
D)  Time 
A)  Pressure 
B)  Flow 
C)  Volume 
D)  Time

Question 11

If during inspiration the pressure increases to a preset value and doesn't change until exhalation, the pressure is termed a:

Accepted Answer

A)  cycle variable. 
B)  trigger variable. 
C)  limit variable. 
D)  baseline variable. 
A)  cycle variable. 
B)  trigger variable. 
C)  limit variable. 
D)  baseline variable.

Question 12

The term drive mechanism best describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  the source of power for the ventilator. 
B)  how the ventilator converts input power to work. 
C)  the mechanism that controls the ventilator's drive mechanism. 
D)  the physical signal measured and used as feedback to control the ventilator's output. 
A)  the source of power for the ventilator. 
B)  how the ventilator converts input power to work. 
C)  the mechanism that controls the ventilator's drive mechanism. 
D)  the physical signal measured and used as feedback to control the ventilator's output.

Question 13

A ventilator initiating inspiration based upon a preset change in flow is referred to as being:

Accepted Answer

A)  flow cycled. 
B)  flow triggered. 
C)  flow limited 
D)  None of these is correct. 
A)  flow cycled. 
B)  flow triggered. 
C)  flow limited 
D)  None of these is correct.

Question 14

The term control circuit best describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  the source of power for the ventilator. 
B)  how the ventilator converts input power to work. 
C)  the mechanism that controls the ventilator's drive mechanism. 
D)  the physical signal measured and used as feedback to control the ventilator's output. 
A)  the source of power for the ventilator. 
B)  how the ventilator converts input power to work. 
C)  the mechanism that controls the ventilator's drive mechanism. 
D)  the physical signal measured and used as feedback to control the ventilator's output.

Question 15

Volume can become a limit variable if:

Accepted Answer

A)  volume control is selected. 
B)  pressure control is selected. 
C)  flow control is selected. 
D)  an inspiratory pause is used. 
A)  volume control is selected. 
B)  pressure control is selected. 
C)  flow control is selected. 
D)  an inspiratory pause is used.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a cycle variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  A variable that rises to a preset value and remains constant during inspiration 
B)  A variable that is measured and used to control the ventilator's output 
C)  A variable that initiates the start of inspiration 
D)  A variable that determines the end of inspiration 
A)  A variable that rises to a preset value and remains constant during inspiration 
B)  A variable that is measured and used to control the ventilator's output 
C)  A variable that initiates the start of inspiration 
D)  A variable that determines the end of inspiration

Question 17

Normal exhalation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  passive. 
B)  active, using the external intercostal muscles. 
C)  active, using both the external intercostal and abdominal muscles. 
D)  active, using the internal intercostal muscles. 
A)  passive. 
B)  active, using the external intercostal muscles. 
C)  active, using both the external intercostal and abdominal muscles. 
D)  active, using the internal intercostal muscles.

Question 18

What percentage of the thoracic volume change is achieved through diaphragmatic action when tidal breathing in the upright position?

Accepted Answer

A)  25% 
B)  35% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
A)  25% 
B)  35% 
C)  50% 
D)  75%

Question 19

The control variable is best described as a variable that:

Accepted Answer

A)  rises to a preset value and remains constant during inspiration. 
B)  is measured and used to control the ventilator's output. 
C)  initiates the start of inspiration. 
D)  determines the end of inspiration. 
A)  rises to a preset value and remains constant during inspiration. 
B)  is measured and used to control the ventilator's output. 
C)  initiates the start of inspiration. 
D)  determines the end of inspiration.

Which of the following may be used as trigger variables? I. Pressure II. Flow III. Volume V. Time

Which of the following trigger variables is based on the electrical activity of the diaphragm?

The ventilator breath ending once time reaches a preset value best describes:

Which of the following is (are) a source of input power? I. Electricity II. Pneumatics III. Spring tension

During spontaneous ventilation, elevated baseline pressure is termed:

Which of the following best describes a trigger variable?

Given a volume change of 500 mL with a pleural pressure change of 5 cm H₂O, what is the pulmonary compliance?

Which of the following best describes a limit variable?

The volume change that occurs as a result of thoracic expansion is an application of:

Which of the following is the most common baseline variable?

If during inspiration the pressure increases to a preset value and doesn't change until exhalation, the pressure is termed a:

The term drive mechanism best describes:

A ventilator initiating inspiration based upon a preset change in flow is referred to as being:

The term control circuit best describes:

Volume can become a limit variable if:

Which of the following best describes a cycle variable?

Normal exhalation is:

What percentage of the thoracic volume change is achieved through diaphragmatic action when tidal breathing in the upright position?

The control variable is best described as a variable that:

Principles of Mechanical Ventilation

Modes of Mechanical Ventilation

Non-Invasive and Invasive Airway Management

Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation

Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation

Waveform Analysis and Application

Management of Mechanical Ventilation

Critical Care Procedures

Pharmacotherapy in Critical Care

Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Mechanical Ventilation

Medical Critical Care Issues

Traumatic Critical Care Issues

Critical Care Guidelines and Bundles

Filters

Exam 2: Classification of Mechanical Ventilation

Which of the following may be used as trigger variables? I. Pressure II. Flow III. Volume V. Time

Which of the following trigger variables is based on the electrical activity of the diaphragm?

The ventilator breath ending once time reaches a preset value best describes:

Which of the following is (are) a source of input power? I. Electricity II. Pneumatics III. Spring tension

During spontaneous ventilation, elevated baseline pressure is termed:

Which of the following best describes a trigger variable?

Given a volume change of 500 mL with a pleural pressure change of 5 cm H2O, what is the pulmonary compliance?

Which of the following best describes a limit variable?

The volume change that occurs as a result of thoracic expansion is an application of:

Which of the following is the most common baseline variable?

If during inspiration the pressure increases to a preset value and doesn't change until exhalation, the pressure is termed a:

The term drive mechanism best describes:

A ventilator initiating inspiration based upon a preset change in flow is referred to as being:

The term control circuit best describes:

Volume can become a limit variable if:

Which of the following best describes a cycle variable?

Normal exhalation is:

What percentage of the thoracic volume change is achieved through diaphragmatic action when tidal breathing in the upright position?

The control variable is best described as a variable that:

Principles of Mechanical Ventilation

Modes of Mechanical Ventilation

Non-Invasive and Invasive Airway Management

Initiation of Mechanical Ventilation

Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation

Waveform Analysis and Application

Management of Mechanical Ventilation

Critical Care Procedures

Pharmacotherapy in Critical Care

Weaning From Mechanical Ventilation

Neonatal and Pediatric Mechanical Ventilation

Medical Critical Care Issues

Traumatic Critical Care Issues

Critical Care Guidelines and Bundles

Filters

Given a volume change of 500 mL with a pleural pressure change of 5 cm H₂O, what is the pulmonary compliance?