Exam 3: Germany and the Birth of a New

Georg Müller's work on memory pioneered studies of forgetting including an understanding of the role of

Stumpf and his student Oskar Pfungst discovered that Clever Hans, "the counting horse," was able to perform so many arithmetic calculations because

Recognizing the willful and active nature of the mind, Wundt referred to his system of experimental psychology as

A 19th-century philosophy of education that changed the nature of universities in Germany, ushering in a new freedom of teaching and research, was called

Compare Oswald Külpe's method of systematic experimental introspection with Wundt's experimental self-observation. Compare these techniques to the modern experimental method in which an experimenter manipulates an independent variable and measures its impact (if any) on a dependent variable. Was Wundt's or Külpe's method closer to modern experimentation? Explain your answer.

Wundt's 10-volume work, entitled Völkerpsychologie, covered a vast number of topics including

The birth year of the science of psychology corresponds to the publication of the first research from Wilhelm Wundt's psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig.What year was that?

Describe how you would use the simple and choice reaction time methods to measure the speed of thinking, for example to decide whether a light is green or red.

According to Wundt, the process that brings some part of conscious experience into maximal clarity is

For Wundt, the distinction between the natural sciences and psychology, was that the former investigated ___________________, whereas the latter investigated ___________________.

Ebbinghaus' memory studies are described as "perhaps the single most brilliant investigation in the history of experimental psychology." Defend that statement citing specifics of his research methods and findings.

Imagine that you were a graduate student in Wilhelm Wundt's psychology laboratory in Leipzig in the late 1800s. Write a letter home to your parents describing what you were studying and the research methods you were using.

To minimize meaningfulness in his stimuli and the problem of prior associations, Ebbinghaus invented

The distinction for Ebbinghaus' studies of memory is that he

Wundt studied the speed of mental events using a procedure known as

In studying the curve of forgetting, Ebbinghaus found that most forgetting occurs

Wundt's first American doctoral student in psychology was

Three separate continua -- pleasant-unpleasant, tension-relaxation, excitement- Depression -- were used by Wundt to describe

Wundt studied consciousness using a method that is greatly similar to the experimental method used in modern psychology. What was this method called?

Ebbinghaus' studies were methodologically rigorous because of his