Question 1

What is the minimum number of informants that Funder recommends for each person in a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  five 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  three 
D)  five

Question 2

As part of a research project,a participant uses a smart phone application that signals her at random times throughout the day.At those times,the application presents a series of questions for her to answer regarding her current activities.This is an example of ________ data.

Accepted Answer

A)  experience sampling 
B)  experimental B 
C)  L 
D)  projective 
A)  experience sampling 
B)  experimental B 
C)  L 
D)  projective

Question 3

When gathering data or clues about personality,the best policy is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gather only a very small number of clues and focus on the important ones 
B)  gather only clues that are certain not to be misleading 
C)  rely solely on self-report data 
D)  collect as many clues as possible 
A)  gather only a very small number of clues and focus on the important ones 
B)  gather only clues that are certain not to be misleading 
C)  rely solely on self-report data 
D)  collect as many clues as possible

Question 4

According to the text,the goal of a scientific education is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  to question what is known and how to find out what is not yet known 
B)  to convey what is known about a subject so it can be applied in a medical context 
C)  to train individuals to exclusively rely on deductive reasoning to solve problems 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  to question what is known and how to find out what is not yet known 
B)  to convey what is known about a subject so it can be applied in a medical context 
C)  to train individuals to exclusively rely on deductive reasoning to solve problems 
D)  all of the above.

Question 5

The tendency for us to become what other people believe us to be is called a(n)________ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  confirmation 
B)  expectancy 
C)  fish-and-water 
D)  self-monitoring 
A)  confirmation 
B)  expectancy 
C)  fish-and-water 
D)  self-monitoring

Question 6

Which type of data is likely to be the most subjective and judgmental?

Accepted Answer

A)  I 
B)  B 
C)  L 
D)  S 
A)  I 
B)  B 
C)  L 
D)  S

Question 7

Which of the following sampling methods affords a researcher the greatest generalizability?

Accepted Answer

A)  randomly selecting a sample of introductory psychology students 
B)  randomly selecting a sample of both high school and college students 
C)  recruiting all the executives at a large company to participate 
D)  selecting participants using a random telephone dialing system 
A)  randomly selecting a sample of introductory psychology students 
B)  randomly selecting a sample of both high school and college students 
C)  recruiting all the executives at a large company to participate 
D)  selecting participants using a random telephone dialing system

Question 8

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be considered B data?

Accepted Answer

A)  measures of heart rate and other physiological measurements 
B)  observation of how many times a participant spoke during a five-minute conversation 
C)  a psychologist's interpretation of a participant's responses to an unstructured clinical interview 
D)  a participant's records of his daily activities in a daily research "diary" 
A)  measures of heart rate and other physiological measurements 
B)  observation of how many times a participant spoke during a five-minute conversation 
C)  a psychologist's interpretation of a participant's responses to an unstructured clinical interview 
D)  a participant's records of his daily activities in a daily research "diary"

Question 9

Why does Funder believe there are no perfect indicators of personality? What strategies can researchers use to deal with this concern?

Accepted Answer

Funder believes there are no perfect ind

Question 10

The Thematic Apperception Test and the Rorschach test elicit ________ data.

Accepted Answer

A)  L 
B)  I 
C)  S 
D)  B 
A)  L 
B)  I 
C)  S 
D)  B

Question 11

The fact that behavior is frequently determined by multiple causes presents the most significant disadvantage for ________ data.

Accepted Answer

A)  B 
B)  L 
C)  I 
D)  S 
A)  B 
B)  L 
C)  I 
D)  S

Question 12

Which kind of data would be the easiest way to obtain information about the content of dreams?

Accepted Answer

A)  S 
B)  B 
C)  L 
D)  I 
A)  S 
B)  B 
C)  L 
D)  I

Question 13

In simple language,questions about reliability concern ________,whereas questions about validity concern ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  accuracy; consistency 
B)  consistency; dependability 
C)  stability; dependability 
D)  consistency; accuracy 
A)  accuracy; consistency 
B)  consistency; dependability 
C)  stability; dependability 
D)  consistency; accuracy

Question 14

Linda is taking an intelligence test.During the test,the teachers walk through the halls and chat loudly with each other.Due to these distractions,Linda scores lower on the test than she would have if she had been able to concentrate fully.The influence of the teachers' chatting is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reliability 
B)  a validity bias 
C)  a cohort effect 
D)  measurement error 
A)  reliability 
B)  a validity bias 
C)  a cohort effect 
D)  measurement error

Question 15

What is the big disadvantage of the case study method?

Accepted Answer

A)  It describes isolated variables, not the whole phenomenon. 
B)  It is rarely the source of testable hypotheses. 
C)  It does not usually apply to particular individuals, only to groups. 
D)  It is not generalizable. 
A)  It describes isolated variables, not the whole phenomenon. 
B)  It is rarely the source of testable hypotheses. 
C)  It does not usually apply to particular individuals, only to groups. 
D)  It is not generalizable.

Question 16

A research strategy that involves gathering as many different measurements as you can of a particular construct and determining if those measurements correlate is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  construct validation 
B)  aggregation validation 
C)  generalization 
D)  internal validation 
A)  construct validation 
B)  aggregation validation 
C)  generalization 
D)  internal validation

Question 17

At the heart of aggregation is the idea that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  random errors cancel each other out 
B)  random errors never cancel each other out 
C)  reliable errors cancel each other out 
D)  a sufficiently precise measure has no reliable error 
A)  random errors cancel each other out 
B)  random errors never cancel each other out 
C)  reliable errors cancel each other out 
D)  a sufficiently precise measure has no reliable error

Question 18

The judgments that others make of your personality affect your opportunities and expectancies.Thus,these judgments have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  generalizability 
B)  validity 
C)  causal force 
D)  reliability 
A)  generalizability 
B)  validity 
C)  causal force 
D)  reliability

Question 19

In order to examine the relationship between early life experiences and adult criminality,Dr.Robbins asks his research participants to fill out questionnaires describing their early life.He then obtains copies of their arrest records from the county courthouse.The questionnaires used in Dr.Robbins's study would be ________ data,whereas the arrest records would be ________ data.

Accepted Answer

A)  L; B 
B)  S; I 
C)  S; L 
D)  B; L 
A)  L; B 
B)  S; I 
C)  S; L 
D)  B; L

Question 20

When a psychologist asks a question because he or she wants to know the answer,the question elicits ________.When a psychologist asks a question because he or she wants to see how the individual will respond to that stimulus,the test elicits ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  B data; I data 
B)  S data; I data 
C)  S data; B data 
D)  laboratory B data; natural B data 
A)  B data; I data 
B)  S data; I data 
C)  S data; B data 
D)  laboratory B data; natural B data

What is the minimum number of informants that Funder recommends for each person in a study?

As part of a research project,a participant uses a smart phone application that signals her at random times throughout the day.At those times,the application presents a series of questions for her to answer regarding her current activities.This is an example of ________ data.

When gathering data or clues about personality,the best policy is to ________.

According to the text,the goal of a scientific education is ________.

The tendency for us to become what other people believe us to be is called a(n)________ effect.

Which type of data is likely to be the most subjective and judgmental?

Which of the following sampling methods affords a researcher the greatest generalizability?

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be considered B data?

Why does Funder believe there are no perfect indicators of personality? What strategies can researchers use to deal with this concern?

The Thematic Apperception Test and the Rorschach test elicit ________ data.

The fact that behavior is frequently determined by multiple causes presents the most significant disadvantage for ________ data.

Which kind of data would be the easiest way to obtain information about the content of dreams?

In simple language,questions about reliability concern ,whereas questions about validity concern .

What is the big disadvantage of the case study method?

A research strategy that involves gathering as many different measurements as you can of a particular construct and determining if those measurements correlate is called ________.

At the heart of aggregation is the idea that ________.

The judgments that others make of your personality affect your opportunities and expectancies.Thus,these judgments have ________.

When a psychologist asks a question because he or she wants to know the answer,the question elicits .When a psychologist asks a question because he or she wants to see how the individual will respond to that stimulus,the test elicits .

The Study of the Person

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Exam 2: Personality Research Methods

What is the minimum number of informants that Funder recommends for each person in a study?

As part of a research project,a participant uses a smart phone application that signals her at random times throughout the day.At those times,the application presents a series of questions for her to answer regarding her current activities.This is an example of ________ data.

When gathering data or clues about personality,the best policy is to ________.

According to the text,the goal of a scientific education is ________.

The tendency for us to become what other people believe us to be is called a(n)________ effect.

Which type of data is likely to be the most subjective and judgmental?

Which of the following sampling methods affords a researcher the greatest generalizability?

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be considered B data?

Why does Funder believe there are no perfect indicators of personality? What strategies can researchers use to deal with this concern?

The Thematic Apperception Test and the Rorschach test elicit ________ data.

The fact that behavior is frequently determined by multiple causes presents the most significant disadvantage for ________ data.

Which kind of data would be the easiest way to obtain information about the content of dreams?

In simple language,questions about reliability concern ________,whereas questions about validity concern ________.

What is the big disadvantage of the case study method?

A research strategy that involves gathering as many different measurements as you can of a particular construct and determining if those measurements correlate is called ________.

At the heart of aggregation is the idea that ________.

The judgments that others make of your personality affect your opportunities and expectancies.Thus,these judgments have ________.

When a psychologist asks a question because he or she wants to know the answer,the question elicits ________.When a psychologist asks a question because he or she wants to see how the individual will respond to that stimulus,the test elicits ________.

The Study of the Person

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

In simple language,questions about reliability concern ,whereas questions about validity concern .

When a psychologist asks a question because he or she wants to know the answer,the question elicits .When a psychologist asks a question because he or she wants to see how the individual will respond to that stimulus,the test elicits .