Question 1

What do modern scholars view as President Johnson's most serious and indictable offense?

Accepted Answer

A)  His decision to fire Secretary of War Stanton 
B)  His losing battle with alcoholism 
C)  His advice to Southern states that they reject the Fourteenth Amendment 
D)  His systematic efforts to block enforcement of the Reconstruction Act of 1867 
A)  His decision to fire Secretary of War Stanton 
B)  His losing battle with alcoholism 
C)  His advice to Southern states that they reject the Fourteenth Amendment 
D)  His systematic efforts to block enforcement of the Reconstruction Act of 1867

Question 2

Which of the following is true of the First Reconstruction Act?

Accepted Answer

A)  Existing Southern state governments were recognized as legitimate. 
B)  The education of freedmen in the South would be supported by federal funding. 
C)  Freedmen were given the right to vote in elections for state constitutional conventions and in subsequent elections. 
D)  Southern plantations were confiscated and divided into smaller plots of land. 
A)  Existing Southern state governments were recognized as legitimate. 
B)  The education of freedmen in the South would be supported by federal funding. 
C)  Freedmen were given the right to vote in elections for state constitutional conventions and in subsequent elections. 
D)  Southern plantations were confiscated and divided into smaller plots of land.

Question 3

Examine the social, political, and economic policies of the Reconstruction governments in the South. What were the strengths and weaknesses of these policies? Explain the extent to which southern society was changed by these policies.

Accepted Answer

The Reconstruction governments in the So

Question 4

The outcome of the congressional elections of 1866:

Accepted Answer

A)  Gave the Democrats effective control of both houses of Congress 
B)  Represented an endorsement of the Reconstruction plans of the Republican congressional leaders 
C)  Deepened the split between Conservative and Radical Republicans 
D)  Demonstrated public support for Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction program 
A)  Gave the Democrats effective control of both houses of Congress 
B)  Represented an endorsement of the Reconstruction plans of the Republican congressional leaders 
C)  Deepened the split between Conservative and Radical Republicans 
D)  Demonstrated public support for Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction program

Question 5

Which of the following is true of Northerners who settled in the South immediately after the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  They constituted the largest group holding political office in the South during Reconstruction. 
B)  For the most part they were greedy, scheming politicians who came to loot the South in its most desperate hour. 
C)  Most came because they were seeking business opportunities or a warmer climate. 
D)  Knowing that industrialization of the South was impractical, they were primarily interested in bringing mechanized agribusiness to the region. 
A)  They constituted the largest group holding political office in the South during Reconstruction. 
B)  For the most part they were greedy, scheming politicians who came to loot the South in its most desperate hour. 
C)  Most came because they were seeking business opportunities or a warmer climate. 
D)  Knowing that industrialization of the South was impractical, they were primarily interested in bringing mechanized agribusiness to the region.

Question 6

What was a result of Bradwell v. Illinois?

Accepted Answer

A)  Impairment of property rights by statute did not violate due process. 
B)  State laws barring women from certain occupations did not violate the privileges and immunities clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
C)  The Fourteenth Amendment barred individual acts of discrimination as well as acts undertaken by a state. 
D)  It was unconstitutional for a state to secede from the Union. 
A)  Impairment of property rights by statute did not violate due process. 
B)  State laws barring women from certain occupations did not violate the privileges and immunities clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
C)  The Fourteenth Amendment barred individual acts of discrimination as well as acts undertaken by a state. 
D)  It was unconstitutional for a state to secede from the Union.

Question 7

In Congressional debates concerning Reconstruction of the former Confederate states, Thaddeus Stevens argued that __________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  freedmen should not be extended the right to vote 
B)  Southern property should be confiscated and used to give freedmen homesteads and a chance at economic independence 
C)  all freedmen should be given forty acres from confiscated Southern land 
D)  the Fourteenth Amendment should extend the right to vote to women as well as to African Americans 
A)  freedmen should not be extended the right to vote 
B)  Southern property should be confiscated and used to give freedmen homesteads and a chance at economic independence 
C)  all freedmen should be given forty acres from confiscated Southern land 
D)  the Fourteenth Amendment should extend the right to vote to women as well as to African Americans

Question 8

Many freedmen saw emancipation as the opportunity to ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  punish their former masters 
B)  take advantage of the economic opportunities offered them by Northern factory owners 
C)  create their own institutions free of white control 
D)  demand passage of legislation outlawing social, economic, and political discrimination on the basis of race 
A)  punish their former masters 
B)  take advantage of the economic opportunities offered them by Northern factory owners 
C)  create their own institutions free of white control 
D)  demand passage of legislation outlawing social, economic, and political discrimination on the basis of race

Question 9

In the Slaughter-House cases, the Supreme Court held that the Fourteenth Amendment:

Accepted Answer

A)  Only prohibited the states from abridging those rights associated with U.S. citizenship 
B)  Brought individual rights under federal protection 
C)  Defined state citizenship and national citizenship as being one and the same 
D)  Did not differentiate between state citizenship and national citizenship 
A)  Only prohibited the states from abridging those rights associated with U.S. citizenship 
B)  Brought individual rights under federal protection 
C)  Defined state citizenship and national citizenship as being one and the same 
D)  Did not differentiate between state citizenship and national citizenship

Question 10

A basic economic problem in the South in the post-Civil War period was _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a labor shortage 
B)  inflation 
C)  overdependence on cotton 
D)  declining prices for food crops 
A)  a labor shortage 
B)  inflation 
C)  overdependence on cotton 
D)  declining prices for food crops

Question 11

Discuss and assess President Johnson's Reconstruction plan in theory and in practice.

Accepted Answer

President Johnson's Reconstruction plan,

Question 12

Which is true of Reconstruction governments in the South?

Accepted Answer

A)  They encouraged investment in industry. 
B)  They lowered taxes. 
C)  They imposed severe economic penalties on former slaveowners. 
D)  They passed civil rights legislation outlawing racial discrimination in employment and housing. 
A)  They encouraged investment in industry. 
B)  They lowered taxes. 
C)  They imposed severe economic penalties on former slaveowners. 
D)  They passed civil rights legislation outlawing racial discrimination in employment and housing.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of Johnson's impeachment trial?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ironically, Johnson was saved by the Radical Republicans, who argued that impeachment should not be used as a political weapon. 
B)  Because of public outrage at the way Johnson was being forced out of office, the Senate voted to acquit him. 
C)  Johnson's acquittal by the Senate established the precedent that Congress could not use impeachment as a political weapon against the President. 
D)  Although Johnson was found guilty, his appeal to the Supreme Court prevented his removal from office. 
A)  Ironically, Johnson was saved by the Radical Republicans, who argued that impeachment should not be used as a political weapon. 
B)  Because of public outrage at the way Johnson was being forced out of office, the Senate voted to acquit him. 
C)  Johnson's acquittal by the Senate established the precedent that Congress could not use impeachment as a political weapon against the President. 
D)  Although Johnson was found guilty, his appeal to the Supreme Court prevented his removal from office.

Question 14

The Radical Republicans in Congress believed that it was essential to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Complete the Reconstruction process quickly 
B)  Treat the South with sympathy and compassion 
C)  Place Reconstruction policy in the president's hands 
D)  Ensure the rights of the freedmen 
A)  Complete the Reconstruction process quickly 
B)  Treat the South with sympathy and compassion 
C)  Place Reconstruction policy in the president's hands 
D)  Ensure the rights of the freedmen

Question 15

After the Civil War, the nation committed itself to equality for the freedmen through law and constitutional amendment. Discuss the forces and events that caused the nation to abandon this commitment during the subsequent years.

Accepted Answer

After the Civil War, the nation did inde

Question 16

What was a scalawag?

Accepted Answer

A)  A homeless unemployed freedman in the South 
B)  A native white Southerner who cooperated with the Republicans 
C)  A former plantation owner who had lost his lands 
D)  A Union soldier who occupied the South during Reconstruction 
A)  A homeless unemployed freedman in the South 
B)  A native white Southerner who cooperated with the Republicans 
C)  A former plantation owner who had lost his lands 
D)  A Union soldier who occupied the South during Reconstruction

Question 17

Explain the impeachment of President Johnson by the House of Representatives and his subsequent acquittal in the Senate. What implications did Johnson's acquittal have for the future?

Accepted Answer

The impeachment of President Andrew John

Question 18

The disputed presidential election of 1876 was significant in its outcome because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  Signaled the demise of the two-party system 
B)  Brought an end to Reconstruction 
C)  Marked the beginning of a long era of Democratic presidents 
D)  Demonstrated that African-American voters held the balance of power in Southern politics 
A)  Signaled the demise of the two-party system 
B)  Brought an end to Reconstruction 
C)  Marked the beginning of a long era of Democratic presidents 
D)  Demonstrated that African-American voters held the balance of power in Southern politics

Question 19

During Reconstruction, African-American leaders in the South:

Accepted Answer

A)  Argued that voting rights should be permanently denied to former Confederates 
B)  Dominated the legislatures in several southern states 
C)  Led efforts to establish public schools in the region 
D)  Advocated the confiscation and redistribution of land 
A)  Argued that voting rights should be permanently denied to former Confederates 
B)  Dominated the legislatures in several southern states 
C)  Led efforts to establish public schools in the region 
D)  Advocated the confiscation and redistribution of land

Question 20

In early 1866, when states undertook to vote on the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, the amendment was ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  supported by President Johnson. 
B)  rejected by all Southern legislatures except Tennessee's. 
C)  approved by the Southern states and then withdrawn by Congress. 
D)  supported by prominent women's rights activists but received little additional support. 
A)  supported by President Johnson. 
B)  rejected by all Southern legislatures except Tennessee's. 
C)  approved by the Southern states and then withdrawn by Congress. 
D)  supported by prominent women's rights activists but received little additional support.

Exam 14: Reconstruction: an Unfinished Revolution, 1865-1877

What do modern scholars view as President Johnson's most serious and indictable offense?

Which of the following is true of the First Reconstruction Act?

Examine the social, political, and economic policies of the Reconstruction governments in the South. What were the strengths and weaknesses of these policies? Explain the extent to which southern society was changed by these policies.

The outcome of the congressional elections of 1866:

Which of the following is true of Northerners who settled in the South immediately after the Civil War?

What was a result of Bradwell v. Illinois?

In Congressional debates concerning Reconstruction of the former Confederate states, Thaddeus Stevens argued that __________________.

Many freedmen saw emancipation as the opportunity to ______________.

In the Slaughter-House cases, the Supreme Court held that the Fourteenth Amendment:

A basic economic problem in the South in the post-Civil War period was _________________.

Discuss and assess President Johnson's Reconstruction plan in theory and in practice.

Which is true of Reconstruction governments in the South?

Which of the following is true of Johnson's impeachment trial?

The Radical Republicans in Congress believed that it was essential to:

After the Civil War, the nation committed itself to equality for the freedmen through law and constitutional amendment. Discuss the forces and events that caused the nation to abandon this commitment during the subsequent years.

What was a scalawag?

Explain the impeachment of President Johnson by the House of Representatives and his subsequent acquittal in the Senate. What implications did Johnson's acquittal have for the future?

The disputed presidential election of 1876 was significant in its outcome because it:

During Reconstruction, African-American leaders in the South:

In early 1866, when states undertook to vote on the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, the amendment was ________________.

Three Old Worlds Create a New, 1492-1600

Europeans Colonize North America, 1600-1650

North America in the Atlantic World, 1650-1720

Becoming America, 1720-1760

The Ends of Empire, 1754-1774

American Revolutions, 1775-1783

Forging a Nation, 1783-1800

Defining the Nation, 1801-1823

The Rise of the South, 1815-1860

The Restless North, 1815-1860

The Contested West, 1815-1860

Politics and the Fate of the Union, 1824-1859

Transforming Fire: The Civil War, 1860-1865

The Ecology of the West and South, 1865-1900

Building Factories, Building Cities, 1877-1900

Gilded Age Politics, 1877-1900

The Progressive ERA, 1895-1920

The Quest for Empire, 1865-1914

Americans in the Great War, 1914-1920

The New ERA, 1920-1929

The Great Depression and the New Deal, 1929-1939

The Second World War at Home and Abroad, 1939-1945

The Cold War and American Globalism, 1945-1961

America at Midcentury, 1945-1960

The Tumultuous Sixties, 1960-1968

A Pivotal ERA, 1969-1980

Conservatism Revived, 1980-1992

Into the Global Millennium: America Since 1992

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