Exam 17: Environmental Economics, Politics and Worldviews

According to the planetary management environmental worldview, ____.

The measure of the annual market value of all goods and services produced by all firms and organizations, foreign and domestic, operating within a country is known as the ____________________.

Many analysts think that the tax systems in most countries are somewhat backward because they discourage jobs, income, and profit-driven innovation.

One of Brown's Plan B goals toward shifting to a more environmentally and economically sustainable future is to stabilize ____ growth.

____________________ groups seek to weaken or repeal laws, subsidies, tax breaks, and regulations that are unfavorable to their positions.

Most democratic governments rely on incentive-based environmental regulations.

Hunting, trapping, and fishing are allowed in National Wildlife Refuges.

Ecological economists consider natural capital to be important but not indispensable because they believe we can find substitutes for essentially any resource that we might deplete or degrade.

Some research has suggested that many toxic waste sites in white communities have been cleaned up faster and more completely than similar sites in African American and Latino communities have.

The ____________________ principle requires that we develop regulations and use economic tools such as green taxes to ensure that polluters bear the costs of dealing with the pollutants and wastes.

Polluting industrial sites and hazardous waste dumps tend to be located disproportionately in communities populated by ____.

In a truly ____________________ economic system, the market prices of goods and services would include all of their direct and indirect costs associated with environmental degradation.

Ecological economists argue that it would be easy to find substitutes for many important ecosystem services and resources.

A guiding principle for environmental sustainability that advises us not to make decisions that are irreversible if the decision proves to be wrong is the _________________________ principle.

Which worldview sees humans as the planet's most important species?

Natural, human, and manufactured capital are the three types of capital used in most economic systems.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the cap-and-trade approach?

According to the textbook, which of the following ideas is one of the three that form the foundation of environmental literacy?

The federal government manages roughly 35% of the country's land, which is jointly owned by ____.

The United States has successfully used the ____________________ approach to reduce the emissions of sulfur dioxide and several other air pollutants.