Exam 5: Volcanoes and Volcanism

Mauna Loa volcano in Hawaii is huge and has gentle slopes; Mount Rainier in Washington is tall, with much steeper slopes; and Paricutín in Mexico is smaller and has very steep slopes composed of loose pyroclastic material. What type of volcano does each one represent, and what kind of volcanic activity was responsible for it?

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Question 1

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Mauna Loa is a shield volcano composed of fluid lava flows; Mount Rainier is a composite volcano made of a combination of lava flows and explosive (pyroclastic) eruptions; and Paricutin is a cinder cone made from short-lived pyroclastic activity.

How do columnar joints form?

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In a lava flow, especially a mafic one, a distinctive pattern of columns bounded by fractures may form. This occurs when the lava flow stops moving, contracts as it cools, and produces forces that cause fractures to open. The fractures, called joints, appear as polygonal cracks that extend downward, forming parallel columns with their long axes perpendicular to the cooling surface.

Volcanism profoundly affects the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

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Question 3

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How is the behavior of gases different in a quiet and an explosive eruption?

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Question 4

An example of a shield volcano is:

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Question 5

The most volcanically active region of the contiguous United States is the ____________________.

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Question 6

How did recent eruptions of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines and Kilauea in Hawaii differ?

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Question 7

What are the reasons that volcanism is primarily a constructive process?

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Question 8

Nuée ardentes erupt from:

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Question 9

Volcanic activity that takes place away from plate boundaries is the result of volcanism at a(n) . In the U.S., an example of this type of volcanism in the ocean is ; an example on land is .

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Question 10

Pyroclastic material that is less than 2 mm in diameter is called . Particles ranging from 2 to 64 mm in diameter are known as , while and are pieces larger than 64 mm in diameter.

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Question 11

Intermediate and felsic magmas usually arise where:

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Question 12

A volcanic tremor indicates that magma is moving beneath the surface and an eruption is likely to occur.

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Question 13

What does harmonic tremor indicate is happening beneath the surface of a volcano?

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Question 14

An ash fall occurs when volcanic ash is ejected into the atmosphere and settles to the surface.

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Question 15

Sometimes, the pyroclastic material that flows from a volcano is so hot that it fuses together to form a deposit known as ____________________.

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Question 16

Would you rather be chased by a pahoehoe flow or an aa flow? Explain.

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Question 17

Composite volcanoes are also known as and are composed of both flows and material.

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Question 18

The eruption of Mount St. Helens was one of the largest and deadliest in the world in historic times.

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Question 19

Pahoehoe consists of a smooth ropy surface and aa consists of jagged, rough, angular blocks, and fragments.

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 90

How do columnar joints form?

Volcanism profoundly affects the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

How is the behavior of gases different in a quiet and an explosive eruption?

An example of a shield volcano is:

The most volcanically active region of the contiguous United States is the ____________________.

How did recent eruptions of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines and Kilauea in Hawaii differ?

What are the reasons that volcanism is primarily a constructive process?

Nuée ardentes erupt from:

Volcanic activity that takes place away from plate boundaries is the result of volcanism at a(n) . In the U.S., an example of this type of volcanism in the ocean is ; an example on land is .

Pyroclastic material that is less than 2 mm in diameter is called . Particles ranging from 2 to 64 mm in diameter are known as , while and are pieces larger than 64 mm in diameter.

Intermediate and felsic magmas usually arise where:

A volcanic tremor indicates that magma is moving beneath the surface and an eruption is likely to occur.

What does harmonic tremor indicate is happening beneath the surface of a volcano?

An ash fall occurs when volcanic ash is ejected into the atmosphere and settles to the surface.

Sometimes, the pyroclastic material that flows from a volcano is so hot that it fuses together to form a deposit known as ____________________.

Would you rather be chased by a pahoehoe flow or an aa flow? Explain.

Composite volcanoes are also known as and are composed of both flows and material.

The eruption of Mount St. Helens was one of the largest and deadliest in the world in historic times.

Pahoehoe consists of a smooth ropy surface and aa consists of jagged, rough, angular blocks, and fragments.

Understanding Earth: a Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Igneous Activity

Weathering, Soil, and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Deformation, Mountain Building, and the Continents

Mass Wasting

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Wind and Deserts

Shorelines and Shoreline Processes

Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

Earth History

Life History

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Exam 5: Volcanoes and Volcanism

How do columnar joints form?

Volcanism profoundly affects the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere.

How is the behavior of gases different in a quiet and an explosive eruption?

An example of a shield volcano is:

The most volcanically active region of the contiguous United States is the ____________________.

How did recent eruptions of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines and Kilauea in Hawaii differ?

What are the reasons that volcanism is primarily a constructive process?

Nuée ardentes erupt from:

Volcanic activity that takes place away from plate boundaries is the result of volcanism at a(n) ____________________. In the U.S., an example of this type of volcanism in the ocean is ____________________; an example on land is ____________________.

Pyroclastic material that is less than 2 mm in diameter is called ____________________. Particles ranging from 2 to 64 mm in diameter are known as ____________________, while ____________________ and ____________________ are pieces larger than 64 mm in diameter.

Intermediate and felsic magmas usually arise where:

A volcanic tremor indicates that magma is moving beneath the surface and an eruption is likely to occur.

What does harmonic tremor indicate is happening beneath the surface of a volcano?

An ash fall occurs when volcanic ash is ejected into the atmosphere and settles to the surface.

Sometimes, the pyroclastic material that flows from a volcano is so hot that it fuses together to form a deposit known as ____________________.

Would you rather be chased by a pahoehoe flow or an aa flow? Explain.

Composite volcanoes are also known as ____________________ and are composed of both ____________________ flows and ____________________ material.

The eruption of Mount St. Helens was one of the largest and deadliest in the world in historic times.

Pahoehoe consists of a smooth ropy surface and aa consists of jagged, rough, angular blocks, and fragments.

Understanding Earth: a Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Intrusive Igneous Activity

Weathering, Soil, and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Deformation, Mountain Building, and the Continents

Mass Wasting

Running Water

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Wind and Deserts

Shorelines and Shoreline Processes

Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

Earth History

Life History

Filters

Volcanic activity that takes place away from plate boundaries is the result of volcanism at a(n) . In the U.S., an example of this type of volcanism in the ocean is ; an example on land is .

Pyroclastic material that is less than 2 mm in diameter is called . Particles ranging from 2 to 64 mm in diameter are known as , while and are pieces larger than 64 mm in diameter.

Composite volcanoes are also known as and are composed of both flows and material.