Exam 10: Mass Wasting

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Ground that remains permanently frozen is called ____________________.

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permafrost

How does a mudflow differ from a debris flow?

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A mudflow is up to 30% water, and at least 50% clay-sized particles. A debris flow contains less water and larger particles.

What are quick clays, and how do they cause damage?

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Quick clays are clays that spontaneously liquefy and flow. These fine sediments were originally deposited in a marine environment where their pore spaces were filled with seawater. The ions helped establish strong bonds between clay particles strengthening them. When the clays were uplifted above sea level and groundwater replaced saltwater, the effectiveness of the ionic bonds between the particles was reduced and the strength of the clay was weakened.

How can vegetation affect the likelihood of mass wasting?

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Why is there sometimes a wire mesh covering the sides of a steep slope? What are the characteristics of the type of mass wasting this is meant to prevent?

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Recognizing, preventing, and controlling landslides is prohibitively expensive and so is rarely done.

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What is mass wasting?

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What human activities contribute to or cause mass wasting?

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A rapid downslope mass movement of snow and ice is called a(n) ____________________.

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Mass movement that occurs along a curved surface of a rupture is known as:

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Give an example of a way in which mass wasting can affect human life.

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The fundamental cause of mass wasting is ____________________.

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Angle of repose is an unimportant factor in mass wasting.

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How does vegetation affect slope stability? What happens if vegetation is removed from the slope?

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How can areas with high potential for slope failure be identified?

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The type of mass wasting that is responsible for the greatest amount of monetary damage is:

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Additional weight added to a hillside, which is always the result of human activities, is called ____________________.

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How does a slump differ from a rock slide?

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How can slow mass movements be detected?

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Falls, slumps, and slides may turn into flows.

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