Question 1

The ____ would most likely contain blood that needs to be cleansed.

Accepted Answer

A)  renal vein 
B)  renal artery 
C)  nephron 
D)  kidney 
E)  bladder 
A)  renal vein 
B)  renal artery 
C)  nephron 
D)  kidney 
E)  bladder

Question 2

A disruption of the stomach's protective mucus layer might give rise to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  acid reflux 
B)  ulcers 
C)  peristalsis 
D)  heart burn 
E)  choking 
A)  acid reflux 
B)  ulcers 
C)  peristalsis 
D)  heart burn 
E)  choking

Question 3

If you were to consume too much vitamin C, _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  it would be stored in your adipose tissue 
B)  it would be stored in your liver 
C)  you would metabolize it for energy 
D)  you would eliminate it in your urine 
E)  it will become toxic 
A)  it would be stored in your adipose tissue 
B)  it would be stored in your liver 
C)  you would metabolize it for energy 
D)  you would eliminate it in your urine 
E)  it will become toxic

Question 4

In the accompanying diagram, ____ represents the beginning of chemical digestion.

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  E 
C)  D 
D)  H 
E)  I 
A)  A 
B)  E 
C)  D 
D)  H 
E)  I

Question 5

The role of a sphincter is to____.

Accepted Answer

A)  control the passage of materials 
B)  create a churning motion 
C)  propagate peristalsis 
D)  absorb excess water from feces 
E)  reabsorb water 
A)  control the passage of materials 
B)  create a churning motion 
C)  propagate peristalsis 
D)  absorb excess water from feces 
E)  reabsorb water

Question 6

The main function of salivary mucus is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  break down starch 
B)  mechanically breakup food materials 
C)  make the food particles sticky 
D)  hydrate dry food particles 
E)  coat food particles so they slide down the esophagus 
A)  break down starch 
B)  mechanically breakup food materials 
C)  make the food particles sticky 
D)  hydrate dry food particles 
E)  coat food particles so they slide down the esophagus

Question 7

People homozygous for a specific high-risk allele of the fto gene ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  tend to overeat 
B)  store more fat 
C)  are naturally heavier 
D)  are always overweight 
E)  cannot undergo gastric bypass surgery 
A)  tend to overeat 
B)  store more fat 
C)  are naturally heavier 
D)  are always overweight 
E)  cannot undergo gastric bypass surgery

Question 8

In the accompanying diagram, ____ is responsible for secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine and hormones into the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  D 
B)  E 
C)  F 
D)  G 
E)  A 
A)  D 
B)  E 
C)  F 
D)  G 
E)  A

Question 9

The physical structure of the capillaries in the nephron ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ensures balanced filtration 
B)  prevents proteins from filtering into urine 
C)  allow blood cells to pass readily out of the kidneys 
D)  hold in salt ions 
E)  block foreign metabolites from entering the urinary tract 
A)  ensures balanced filtration 
B)  prevents proteins from filtering into urine 
C)  allow blood cells to pass readily out of the kidneys 
D)  hold in salt ions 
E)  block foreign metabolites from entering the urinary tract

Question 10

ADH____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increases glucose reabsorption 
B)  decreases the filtration rate 
C)  increases tubular secretion 
D)  increases water reabsorption 
E)  decreases amino acid reabsorption 
A)  increases glucose reabsorption 
B)  decreases the filtration rate 
C)  increases tubular secretion 
D)  increases water reabsorption 
E)  decreases amino acid reabsorption

Question 11

Vitamin B3 is a precursor of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH 
B)  ATP 
C)  DNA 
D)  RNA 
E)  FADH 
A)  NADH 
B)  ATP 
C)  DNA 
D)  RNA 
E)  FADH

Question 12

The ____, labeled as ____ in the accompanying diagram, is a channel for urine to flow from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

Accepted Answer

A)  urethra; B 
B)  urethra; D 
C)  ureter; D 
D)  ureter; B 
E)  ureter; C 
A)  urethra; B 
B)  urethra; D 
C)  ureter; D 
D)  ureter; B 
E)  ureter; C

Question 13

During the reabsorption process, ____ of the water in the tubules is returned to the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  10  percent 
B)  25  percent 
C)  50  percent 
D)  99  percent 
E)  100  percent 
A)  10  percent 
B)  25  percent 
C)  50  percent 
D)  99  percent 
E)  100  percent

Question 14

Excess energy is stored in ____, mainly in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical bonds; adipose tissue 
B)  chemical bonds; carbohydrates 
C)  carbon atoms; adipose tissue 
D)  carbon atoms; carbohydrates 
E)  hydrogen bonds; water 
A)  chemical bonds; adipose tissue 
B)  chemical bonds; carbohydrates 
C)  carbon atoms; adipose tissue 
D)  carbon atoms; carbohydrates 
E)  hydrogen bonds; water

Question 15

Blood enters the kidney through the ____ and leaves the kidney through the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  renal vein; renal artery 
B)  nephron; renal capillary 
C)  renal artery; renal vein 
D)  renal artery; nephron 
E)  nephron; renal artery 
A)  renal vein; renal artery 
B)  nephron; renal capillary 
C)  renal artery; renal vein 
D)  renal artery; nephron 
E)  nephron; renal artery

Question 16

The cecum is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the first part of the large intestine 
B)  connected to the rectum 
C)  between the stomach and the small intestine 
D)  a producer of enzymes for digestion in the small intestine 
E)  connected to the stomach 
A)  the first part of the large intestine 
B)  connected to the rectum 
C)  between the stomach and the small intestine 
D)  a producer of enzymes for digestion in the small intestine 
E)  connected to the stomach

Question 17

Tubular secretion occurs in the region labeled____.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  1 and 2 
A)  1 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  1 and 2

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: connection between main filtration organ and liquid storage location
hollow organ that controls how quickly food enters main digestive location
final digestion in the small intestine yields monosaccharides
storage site of liquid waste
storage site of solid waste
tube that delivers urine to body surface
glycerol is one of the absorbable digestion products
organ that filters water, excess ions, and nitrogen-rich wastes from blood
digestion begins by acid and pepsin
glandular assistant to small intestine
full digestion requires bile
digestion begins in the mouth
final digestion, facilitated by pancreatic enzymes, and yields amino acids
initial site of food digestion that utilizes four specialized structures

Accepted Answer

The Answer of carbohydrates and pancreas and ureter and bladder is...

Question 19

Someone who has consumed a lot of alcohol becomes dehydrated because alcohol ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which leads to an increase in urination 
B)  increases antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which leads to an increase in urination 
C)  inhibits antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which leads to a reduction in urination 
D)  increases antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which leads to a reduction in urination 
E)  and water don't mix, which leads to an exclusion of water 
A)  inhibits antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which leads to an increase in urination 
B)  increases antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which leads to an increase in urination 
C)  inhibits antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which leads to a reduction in urination 
D)  increases antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, which leads to a reduction in urination 
E)  and water don't mix, which leads to an exclusion of water

Question 20

Kidney function is measured by the____.

Accepted Answer

A)  amount of urine produced over a 24-hour period 
B)  rate of filtration 
C)  rate of tubular secretion 
D)  rate of absorption 
E)  volume of urination produced overnight 
A)  amount of urine produced over a 24-hour period 
B)  rate of filtration 
C)  rate of tubular secretion 
D)  rate of absorption 
E)  volume of urination produced overnight

Exam 24: Digestion and Excretion

The ____ would most likely contain blood that needs to be cleansed.

A disruption of the stomach's protective mucus layer might give rise to ____.

If you were to consume too much vitamin C, _____.

In the accompanying diagram, ____ represents the beginning of chemical digestion.

The role of a sphincter is to____.

The main function of salivary mucus is to ____.

People homozygous for a specific high-risk allele of the fto gene ____.

In the accompanying diagram, ____ is responsible for secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine and hormones into the blood.

The physical structure of the capillaries in the nephron ____.

ADH____.

Vitamin B3 is a precursor of ____.

The ____, labeled as ____ in the accompanying diagram, is a channel for urine to flow from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

During the reabsorption process, ____ of the water in the tubules is returned to the blood.

Excess energy is stored in ____, mainly in ____.

Blood enters the kidney through the ____ and leaves the kidney through the ____.

The cecum is ____.

Tubular secretion occurs in the region labeled____.

Someone who has consumed a lot of alcohol becomes dehydrated because alcohol ____.

Kidney function is measured by the____.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

Vitamin B₃ is a precursor of ____.

The , labeled as in the accompanying diagram, is a channel for urine to flow from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

Excess energy is stored in , mainly in .

Blood enters the kidney through the and leaves the kidney through the .