Question 1

How many different codons in our genetic code specify amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  20 
C)  60 
D)  61 
E)  64 
A)  3 
B)  20 
C)  60 
D)  61 
E)  64

Question 2

Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  hnRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  all of these 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  hnRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  all of these

Question 3

How many codons specify the amino acid leucine?

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five 
E)  six 
A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five 
E)  six

Question 4

The activity of the ribosome in translation is analogous to a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  assembly line 
B)  dance 
C)  planet racing around the sun 
D)  foot race 
E)  chess game 
A)  assembly line 
B)  dance 
C)  planet racing around the sun 
D)  foot race 
E)  chess game

Question 5

A ribosome contains _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA only 
B)  DNA only 
C)  proteins only 
D)  RNA and proteins 
E)  RNA, DNA, and proteins 
A)  RNA only 
B)  DNA only 
C)  proteins only 
D)  RNA and proteins 
E)  RNA, DNA, and proteins

Question 6

Transcription factors bind to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  promoters 
B)  stop codons 
C)  start codons 
D)  poly(
A)  tails 
E)  introns 
A)  promoters 
B)  stop codons 
C)  start codons 
D)  poly(
A)  tails 
E)  introns

Question 7

Epigenetic modifications _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are considered evolutionary 
B)  are completely reset during development 
C)  alter the DNA sequence 
D)  can persist for generations 
E)  respond less rapidly to environmental changes than altering the DNA sequence 
A)  are considered evolutionary 
B)  are completely reset during development 
C)  alter the DNA sequence 
D)  can persist for generations 
E)  respond less rapidly to environmental changes than altering the DNA sequence

Question 8

What is the genetic code?

Accepted Answer

A)  all of our genes collectively 
B)  all of our base pairs collectively 
C)  the genetic "words" that code for amino acids 
D)  the genes in DNA that code for proteins 
E)  the genes that encode protein products 
A)  all of our genes collectively 
B)  all of our base pairs collectively 
C)  the genetic "words" that code for amino acids 
D)  the genes in DNA that code for proteins 
E)  the genes that encode protein products

Question 9

Which type of mutation results in sickle-cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  base-pair substitution 
B)  insertion 
C)  deletion 
D)  frameshift 
E)  gene duplication 
A)  base-pair substitution 
B)  insertion 
C)  deletion 
D)  frameshift 
E)  gene duplication

Question 10

A Barr body exists for the purpose of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  gene dosage compensation 
B)  insuring fertilization 
C)  blocking the activity of the Y chromosome 
D)  turning on the SRY gene 
E)  activating master genes 
A)  gene dosage compensation 
B)  insuring fertilization 
C)  blocking the activity of the Y chromosome 
D)  turning on the SRY gene 
E)  activating master genes

Question 11

In eukaryotes, DNA is transcribed in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria 
B)  cytoplasm 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  nucleus 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum 
A)  mitochondria 
B)  cytoplasm 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  nucleus 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

Amino acids are carried to ribosomes by____ RNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  template 
B)  messenger 
C)  transfer 
D)  ribosomal 
E)  retriever 
A)  template 
B)  messenger 
C)  transfer 
D)  ribosomal 
E)  retriever

Question 13

Frameshift mutations may involve _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the substitution of nucleotides 
B)  the substitution of codons 
C)  the substitution of amino acids 
D)  the insertion of one to several base pairs 
E)  mutations in the promoter 
A)  the substitution of nucleotides 
B)  the substitution of codons 
C)  the substitution of amino acids 
D)  the insertion of one to several base pairs 
E)  mutations in the promoter

Question 14

Ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) inhibit protein synthesis by preventing _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA from binding to the ribosome 
B)  tRNA from binding to the ribosome 
C)  the two halves of the ribosome from coming together 
D)  the ribosome from moving forward from one codon to the next 
E)  the newly synthesized amino acid chain from being released from the ribosome 
A)  mRNA from binding to the ribosome 
B)  tRNA from binding to the ribosome 
C)  the two halves of the ribosome from coming together 
D)  the ribosome from moving forward from one codon to the next 
E)  the newly synthesized amino acid chain from being released from the ribosome

Question 15

Which type of molecule is ricin?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein 
B)  lipid 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  mineral 
A)  protein 
B)  lipid 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  carbohydrate 
E)  mineral

Question 16

Ricin exerts its effects on a human cell by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  inactivating synthesis of carbohydrates 
B)  inhibiting hydrolysis of carbohydrates 
C)  preventing protein synthesis 
D)  interfering with hydrolysis of lipids 
E)  over activating nucleic acid metabolism 
A)  inactivating synthesis of carbohydrates 
B)  inhibiting hydrolysis of carbohydrates 
C)  preventing protein synthesis 
D)  interfering with hydrolysis of lipids 
E)  over activating nucleic acid metabolism

Question 17

For eukaryotes, translation takes place in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus 
B)  nucleolus 
C)  cytoplasm 
D)  plasma membrane 
E)  nucleus and cytoplasm 
A)  nucleus 
B)  nucleolus 
C)  cytoplasm 
D)  plasma membrane 
E)  nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 18

The tightly condensed nonfunctional X chromosome is called a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Barr body 
B)  Y chromosome 
C)  autosome 
D)  X-linked chromosome 
E)  Watson segment 
A)  Barr body 
B)  Y chromosome 
C)  autosome 
D)  X-linked chromosome 
E)  Watson segment

Question 19

During transcription, adenine is complementary to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  guanine 
B)  adenine 
C)  cytosine 
D)  uracil 
E)  guanine and cytosine 
A)  guanine 
B)  adenine 
C)  cytosine 
D)  uracil 
E)  guanine and cytosine

Question 20

Which of the following adds RNA nucleotides, one at a time, during transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  RNA nuclease 
D)  transfer RNA 
E)  ribosomal RNA 
A)  RNA polymerase 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  RNA nuclease 
D)  transfer RNA 
E)  ribosomal RNA

Exam 8: Gene Expression and Control

How many different codons in our genetic code specify amino acids?

Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes?

How many codons specify the amino acid leucine?

The activity of the ribosome in translation is analogous to a(n) _____.

A ribosome contains _____.

Transcription factors bind to _____.

Epigenetic modifications _____.

What is the genetic code?

Which type of mutation results in sickle-cell anemia?

A Barr body exists for the purpose of _____.

In eukaryotes, DNA is transcribed in the _____.

Amino acids are carried to ribosomes by____ RNA.

Frameshift mutations may involve _____.

Ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) inhibit protein synthesis by preventing _____.

Which type of molecule is ricin?

Ricin exerts its effects on a human cell by _____.

For eukaryotes, translation takes place in the _____.

The tightly condensed nonfunctional X chromosome is called a(n) _____.

During transcription, adenine is complementary to _____.

Which of the following adds RNA nucleotides, one at a time, during transcription?

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

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