Exam 5: Social Cognition

Jarvis wants to convince his friends that it would be good to take the day off studying and to go to a concert in a nearby city. He points out the importance of taking occasional breaks from studying and to recharge. He also mentions that he has a friend who can get him tickets at a reduced price. By focusing on positives, Jarvis is relying on ____ to make his friends more likely to agree.

The automatic system helps people deal with ____.

The field of social cognition first emerged in the ____ as ____.

When students perform poorly in the classroom, teachers tend to make external attributions, whereas students tend to make internal attributions.

The Stroop test is a psychological test that highlights the ____.

Given the research on cognitive errors and biases, it can be concluded that ____.

Jason is buying a new iPhone this semester, as are most of his friends. According to Malle's work on attribution, what will Jason most likely think when he sees his friends buying an iPhone?

Polina is three years old. She is just beginning to understand concepts such as "dog," "cat," "chair," and "sofa," and how they differ from one another. In other words, she is just beginning ____.

An attribution is a(n)____.

The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as the ____.

Eleven-year-old Summer has an autism spectrum disorder. To help her prepare for new experiences, her family relies on specially developed stories about various situations. For example, when Summer has an upcoming appointment with the dentist, her family reads her a book about a girl who visits the dentist. The stories help Summer to know what to expect and how she should behave. These stories are often referred to as social ____.

Hilda is on a low carbohydrate diet, which restricts her from eating foods such as white bread, potato chips, and pretzels. The more Hilda thinks about the fact that she cannot eat such foods, the more desperately she craves them. Social psychologists refer to this kind of pattern as a(n)____.

Across many different contexts and settings, people prefer to attribute their successes to ability and effort but tend to attribute their failures to bad luck or task difficulty. This is known as ____.

When engaged in a debate over especially contentious issues such as racism, religious bias, or marriage equality, people who have polar opposite views often believe that their own views are those of the majority. This best illustrates ____.

What is the self-serving bias?

A prime is a ____.

A knowledge structure that contains information about a concept and its relationship to other concepts (e.g., a structure that contains information about judges and how judges relate to lawyers, criminals, the general public, and so forth)is known as a ____.

Which of the following would be least helpful in debiasing your thinking?

Social psychologists use the term ____ to describe people's reluctance to do much extra thinking.

According to the false consensus effect, most people ____.