Exam 5: Social Cognition

Research shows that people tend to engage in fewer cognitive errors and biases in everyday thinking ____.

Peppa is three years old, and has just begun to understand concepts such as spoon, plate, fork, table, and chair, and how these concepts differ from one another. In other words, she is just beginning to develop ________________.

Jules and Jim are reading a book review about a book that both of them have read. Jules hated the book, and seems to feel that the reviewer also hated it. Meanwhile, Jim thought the book was witty and provocative, and he seems to think that the reviewer shares HIS views. It seems as though both Jules and Jim are "seeing" different things when reading the book review. That is, both of them seem to be engaging in the ____.

Researchers have found that people tend to ____ as little as possible. ​

Priming people with money can ____.

Richard is a piano major and enters two music competitions in the same month. He places first in one of the competitions, but doesn't place at all in the other. If Richard is like most people, he will probably ____.

The actor/observer bias holds that actors tend to make _________________ attributions.

One of your professors has apparently just lost his job. Suppose the campus newspaper publishes an article about it, invoking external, stable attributions. Which of the following might be the headline of the article?

Which of the following is a difference between automatic and deliberate thoughts?

The day after the Supreme Court issued a decision on a particularly divisive issue, the Senate and House pass a bill that is unpopular with the same segment of the population that was unhappy with the decision of the Supreme Court. A few disgruntled individuals then claim that the decision of the Supreme Court was issued at this particular time to distract people from the bill's passage. This assumption best reflects ____.

Confucius just fell down a flight of stairs. One of his disciples makes an internal attribution for the fall. What might this disciple be thinking?

People generally prefer to conserve effort by relying on automatic modes of thought (rather than conscious modes of thought)whenever they can. That is, people tend to ____.

Participants in a study who were in the "rude" priming condition were more likely to ____.

Letha has just met her first Mormon missionary. In conversation, she finds out that he is a collector of rare books. If Letha commits the error of one-shot illusory correlation, she will ____.

Suppose Greg and Marsha apply for a prestigious scholarship program, and both get rejected. Greg finds out that his application was flat out rejected (he never had a chance), whereas Marsha finds out that she was the first runner up (she nearly won). Who is likely to be more disappointed? Why?

Whenever you smell coconut oil, you tend to think about your recent vacation in the Bahamas (where you and your friends used lots of coconut suntan oil). This also makes you think about all of the fun and crazy things you did on your trip. That is, the smell of coconut oil ____ memories of your trip.

How does the fundamental attribution error (FAE)differ from the actor/observer bias?

Suppose you have a certain idea about what a tropical island should be like: It should be a tourist destination, have palm trees, enjoy a warm climate, and contain plenty of bars that serve cocktails with paper umbrellas. Your general understanding of what a tropical island is all about is most clearly an example of a ____.

Schemas and scripts are both examples of ____.

You and a friend are visiting a new city and would like to splurge and go out for a fine meal. You look at the restaurant listings in the newspaper and find one that is very expensive. Your friend says: "Let's go for it. With prices like that, we're bound to have a delicious meal!" In making this statement, your friend was most likely guided by the ____.