Question 1

Identify the hormone that is taken as daily injections to maintain blood glucose levels for type 1 diabetes.

Accepted Answer

A) Glucagon 
B) Adrenaline 
C) Thyroxine 
D) Insulin 
E) Estrogen 
A) Glucagon 
B) Adrenaline 
C) Thyroxine 
D) Insulin 
E) Estrogen

Question 2

Both the parents of your friend have heart disease. She is considering genetic profiling for herself so that she can see what changes she can make in her lifestyle to reduce her risk of developing the disease. What advice would you give her?

Accepted Answer

A) Genetic profiling is an unreliable way to understand your medical profile. 
B) Genetic profiling is not advisable as per medical ethics. 
C) Genetic profiling can help her develop a personalized prevention program. 
D) Genetic profiling cannot predict whether or not a person will develop heart disease. 
E) Genetic profiling fails to suggest specific lifestyle changes that can prevent heart disease. 
A) Genetic profiling is an unreliable way to understand your medical profile. 
B) Genetic profiling is not advisable as per medical ethics. 
C) Genetic profiling can help her develop a personalized prevention program. 
D) Genetic profiling cannot predict whether or not a person will develop heart disease. 
E) Genetic profiling fails to suggest specific lifestyle changes that can prevent heart disease.

Question 3

The metabolic syndrome greatly increases the risk of developing:

Accepted Answer

A) iron-deficiency anemia 
B) cataracts 
C) CVD 
D) AIDS 
E) infectious diseases 
A) iron-deficiency anemia 
B) cataracts 
C) CVD 
D) AIDS 
E) infectious diseases

Question 4

Which of the following conditions is associated with a reduced risk of CVD?

Accepted Answer

A) High HDL 
B) High total cholesterol 
C) High LDL 
D) High triglycerides 
E) High blood pressure 
A) High HDL 
B) High total cholesterol 
C) High LDL 
D) High triglycerides 
E) High blood pressure

Question 5

What is the best strategy to add more fruits and vegetables to your diet?

Accepted Answer

A) Use ketchup with French fries instead of salt. 
B) Have fruit-flavored candy for a snack. 
C) Have a glass of orange juice for breakfast once every month. 
D) Keep a bag of baby carrots in the refrigerator for snacking. 
E) Use a "high-antioxidant" powdered drink mixture. 
A) Use ketchup with French fries instead of salt. 
B) Have fruit-flavored candy for a snack. 
C) Have a glass of orange juice for breakfast once every month. 
D) Keep a bag of baby carrots in the refrigerator for snacking. 
E) Use a "high-antioxidant" powdered drink mixture.

Question 6

The most common mutations are _____, involving the variation of a single _____ in a strand of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) moderators; epigenome 
B) SNPs; nucleotide 
C) promoters; histone 
D) initiators; platelet 
E) VTNRs; triglyceride 
A) moderators; epigenome 
B) SNPs; nucleotide 
C) promoters; histone 
D) initiators; platelet 
E) VTNRs; triglyceride

Question 7

Constructing a genetic profile to identify a disease-associated variant is a standard practice in health care services.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What happens when the body fails to take up excess glucose from the blood

Accepted Answer

A) The excess glucose from the blood gets stored in the adipocytes. 
B) The excess glucose gets converted into useful alcohols. 
C) The excess glucose binds to working proteins, rendering them nonfunctional. 
D) The excess glucose is metabolized to produce energy for physical activities. 
E) The excess glucose retains water in the body to prevent dehydration. 
A) The excess glucose from the blood gets stored in the adipocytes. 
B) The excess glucose gets converted into useful alcohols. 
C) The excess glucose binds to working proteins, rendering them nonfunctional. 
D) The excess glucose is metabolized to produce energy for physical activities. 
E) The excess glucose retains water in the body to prevent dehydration.

Question 9

To reduce the risk of CVD, saturated fat in the diet should provide less than _____ percent of total calories.

Accepted Answer

A) 7 
B) 14 
C) 20 
D) 25 
E) 35 
A) 7 
B) 14 
C) 20 
D) 25 
E) 35

Question 10

Which is the best meal to reduce LDL levels in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A) Grilled salmon, wild rice, steamed broccoli, and whole-wheat roll 
B) Roast chicken, sweet potatoes, green peas, and biscuits 
C) Pinto beans and ham, corn on the cob with margarine, and cornbread 
D) Roast beef, mashed potatoes, tossed salad with ranch dressing, and sourdough bread 
E) Fried fish, rice, and ice cream 
A) Grilled salmon, wild rice, steamed broccoli, and whole-wheat roll 
B) Roast chicken, sweet potatoes, green peas, and biscuits 
C) Pinto beans and ham, corn on the cob with margarine, and cornbread 
D) Roast beef, mashed potatoes, tossed salad with ranch dressing, and sourdough bread 
E) Fried fish, rice, and ice cream

Question 11

What is a good strategy to minimize your risk of CVD?

Accepted Answer

A) Consume full-fat dairy products and tropical oils. 
B) Deep-fry all of your vegetables. 
C) Consume one or two servings of fatty meats each day. 
D) Season all your vegetables with solid fats and salt. 
E) Consume more fruits and whole grains. 
A) Consume full-fat dairy products and tropical oils. 
B) Deep-fry all of your vegetables. 
C) Consume one or two servings of fatty meats each day. 
D) Season all your vegetables with solid fats and salt. 
E) Consume more fruits and whole grains.

Question 12

Degenerative conditions are classified under chronic diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Your uncle is considering a treatment plan to control his hypertension after seeing an advertisement that claims hypertension to be a risk factor for stroke. In addition to the treatment plan, what would you advise him to do?

Accepted Answer

A) Avoid any moderate-intensity physical activity. 
B) Limit the intake of cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and brussels sprouts. 
C) Reduce the intake of salt and salt-cured food products. 
D) Avoid drinking adequate amount of fruit juices. 
E) Consume a minimum of 2500 milligrams of sodium per day. 
A) Avoid any moderate-intensity physical activity. 
B) Limit the intake of cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and brussels sprouts. 
C) Reduce the intake of salt and salt-cured food products. 
D) Avoid drinking adequate amount of fruit juices. 
E) Consume a minimum of 2500 milligrams of sodium per day.

Question 14

Identify a scientifically proven example of how nutrients in foods affect gene expression and disease development.

Accepted Answer

A) A phytochemical in milk has been shown to reverse uncontrolled division of cancerous cells under laboratory conditions. 
B) Aflatoxin from corn and other grains is thought to attach methyl groups to both histones and DNA, thus preventing the development of liver cancer. 
C) Genomics testing laboratories have shown the benefits of supplements that are tailored to an individual's genetic profile. 
D) Folate and vitamin B  12  supplements given during pregnancy have shown the gene silencing effect by transferring methyl groups. 
E) High levels of certain vitamins and minerals in the diets of a pregnant mouse can cause favorable changes in the DNA sequence of their offspring. 
A) A phytochemical in milk has been shown to reverse uncontrolled division of cancerous cells under laboratory conditions. 
B) Aflatoxin from corn and other grains is thought to attach methyl groups to both histones and DNA, thus preventing the development of liver cancer. 
C) Genomics testing laboratories have shown the benefits of supplements that are tailored to an individual's genetic profile. 
D) Folate and vitamin B  12  supplements given during pregnancy have shown the gene silencing effect by transferring methyl groups. 
E) High levels of certain vitamins and minerals in the diets of a pregnant mouse can cause favorable changes in the DNA sequence of their offspring.

Question 15

Describe the characteristics of diets or specific food components that can either prevent or promote cancer.

Accepted Answer

When calorie intakes are reduced, cancer

Question 16

A college student who is on a weight-loss diet that restricts fruits and vegetables contracts a viral infection. What may have made her more susceptible to the infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Protein deficiency, which affects the cells of the immune system 
B) Vitamin C deficiency, which affects the production of white blood cells 
C) Excess saturated fat from meat, which increases blood cholesterol levels 
D) Dehydration, which affects the health of intestinal cells 
E) Excess protein, which disrupts the functioning of beneficial gut bacteria 
A) Protein deficiency, which affects the cells of the immune system 
B) Vitamin C deficiency, which affects the production of white blood cells 
C) Excess saturated fat from meat, which increases blood cholesterol levels 
D) Dehydration, which affects the health of intestinal cells 
E) Excess protein, which disrupts the functioning of beneficial gut bacteria

Question 17

Abdominal obesity is a common risk factor for diabetes, cancer, and hypertension.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Nutritional genomics helps us understand the differences in the immune response of nonidentical twins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Population studies across the globe suggest that diets high in _____ promote the risk of colon cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) processed meat 
B) avocados 
C) leafy vegetables 
D) boiled foods 
E) whole grains 
A) processed meat 
B) avocados 
C) leafy vegetables 
D) boiled foods 
E) whole grains

Question 20

D iets high in red and processed meats are associated with cancer development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Identify the hormone that is taken as daily injections to maintain blood glucose levels for type 1 diabetes.

Both the parents of your friend have heart disease. She is considering genetic profiling for herself so that she can see what changes she can make in her lifestyle to reduce her risk of developing the disease. What advice would you give her?

The metabolic syndrome greatly increases the risk of developing:

Which of the following conditions is associated with a reduced risk of CVD?

What is the best strategy to add more fruits and vegetables to your diet?

The most common mutations are _, involving the variation of a single _ in a strand of DNA.

Constructing a genetic profile to identify a disease-associated variant is a standard practice in health care services.

What happens when the body fails to take up excess glucose from the blood

To reduce the risk of CVD, saturated fat in the diet should provide less than _____ percent of total calories.

Which is the best meal to reduce LDL levels in the blood?

What is a good strategy to minimize your risk of CVD?

Degenerative conditions are classified under chronic diseases.

Your uncle is considering a treatment plan to control his hypertension after seeing an advertisement that claims hypertension to be a risk factor for stroke. In addition to the treatment plan, what would you advise him to do?

Identify a scientifically proven example of how nutrients in foods affect gene expression and disease development.

Describe the characteristics of diets or specific food components that can either prevent or promote cancer.

A college student who is on a weight-loss diet that restricts fruits and vegetables contracts a viral infection. What may have made her more susceptible to the infection?

Abdominal obesity is a common risk factor for diabetes, cancer, and hypertension.

Nutritional genomics helps us understand the differences in the immune response of nonidentical twins.

Population studies across the globe suggest that diets high in _____ promote the risk of colon cancer.

D iets high in red and processed meats are associated with cancer development.

Food Choices and Human Health

Nutrition Tools: Standards and Guidelines

The Remarkable Body

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starch, Glycogen, and Fiber

The Lipids: Fats, Oils, Phospholipids, and Sterols

The Proteins and Amino Acids

The Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

Performance Nutrition

Food Safety and Food Technology

Life Cycle Nutrition: Mother and Infant

Child, Teen, and Older Adult

Hunger and the Future of Food

Filters

Exam 11: Nutrition and Chronic Diseases

Identify the hormone that is taken as daily injections to maintain blood glucose levels for type 1 diabetes.

Both the parents of your friend have heart disease. She is considering genetic profiling for herself so that she can see what changes she can make in her lifestyle to reduce her risk of developing the disease. What advice would you give her?

The metabolic syndrome greatly increases the risk of developing:

Which of the following conditions is associated with a reduced risk of CVD?

What is the best strategy to add more fruits and vegetables to your diet?

The most common mutations are _____, involving the variation of a single _____ in a strand of DNA.

Constructing a genetic profile to identify a disease-associated variant is a standard practice in health care services.

What happens when the body fails to take up excess glucose from the blood

To reduce the risk of CVD, saturated fat in the diet should provide less than _____ percent of total calories.

Which is the best meal to reduce LDL levels in the blood?

What is a good strategy to minimize your risk of CVD?

Degenerative conditions are classified under chronic diseases.

Your uncle is considering a treatment plan to control his hypertension after seeing an advertisement that claims hypertension to be a risk factor for stroke. In addition to the treatment plan, what would you advise him to do?

Identify a scientifically proven example of how nutrients in foods affect gene expression and disease development.

Describe the characteristics of diets or specific food components that can either prevent or promote cancer.

A college student who is on a weight-loss diet that restricts fruits and vegetables contracts a viral infection. What may have made her more susceptible to the infection?

Abdominal obesity is a common risk factor for diabetes, cancer, and hypertension.

Nutritional genomics helps us understand the differences in the immune response of nonidentical twins.

Population studies across the globe suggest that diets high in _____ promote the risk of colon cancer.

D iets high in red and processed meats are associated with cancer development.

Food Choices and Human Health

Nutrition Tools: Standards and Guidelines

The Remarkable Body

The Carbohydrates: Sugar, Starch, Glycogen, and Fiber

The Lipids: Fats, Oils, Phospholipids, and Sterols

The Proteins and Amino Acids

The Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Energy Balance and Healthy Body Weight

Performance Nutrition

Food Safety and Food Technology

Life Cycle Nutrition: Mother and Infant

Child, Teen, and Older Adult

Hunger and the Future of Food

Filters

The most common mutations are _, involving the variation of a single _ in a strand of DNA.