Question 1

Which of the following is associated with an improved prognosis of MS?

Accepted Answer

A)  motor and cerebellar symptoms 
B)  disability after the first attack 
C)  short time interval between attacks 
D)  sensory symptoms 
A)  motor and cerebellar symptoms 
B)  disability after the first attack 
C)  short time interval between attacks 
D)  sensory symptoms D

Question 2

Which of the following would be an effective intervention strategy for patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  exercise outdoors 
B)  use several different therapists in the patient's exercise session 
C)  multiple exercises with each session 
D)  short, simple, repetitive exercises 
A)  exercise outdoors 
B)  use several different therapists in the patient's exercise session 
C)  multiple exercises with each session 
D)  short, simple, repetitive exercises D

Question 3

Which of the following functions will remain normal throughout the course of ALS?

Accepted Answer

A)  bowel and bladder function 
B)  speech 
C)  dexterity 
D)  proprioception 
A)  bowel and bladder function 
B)  speech 
C)  dexterity 
D)  proprioception A

Question 4

The physical therapist assistant (PTA)begins treatment on a patient diagnosed with PD.The patient informs the therapist that he has a thalamic stimulator to help control his PD.What symptom of PD will best be controlled with the thalamic stimulator?

Accepted Answer

A)  festinating gait 
B)  dyskinesia 
C)  rigidity 
D)  tremor 
A)  festinating gait 
B)  dyskinesia 
C)  rigidity 
D)  tremor

Question 5

Which medication used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease acts on nicotine receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  donepezil 
B)  rivastigmine 
C)  galantamine 
D)  tacrine 
A)  donepezil 
B)  rivastigmine 
C)  galantamine 
D)  tacrine

Question 6

What cranial nerve is involved with tic douloureux?

Accepted Answer

A)  trigeminal 
B)  optic 
C)  olfactory 
D)  spinal accessory 
A)  trigeminal 
B)  optic 
C)  olfactory 
D)  spinal accessory

Question 7

What is the most common type of dementia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pick's disease 
B)  Lewy body dementia 
C)  Alzheimer's disease 
D)  frontotemporal dementia 
A)  Pick's disease 
B)  Lewy body dementia 
C)  Alzheimer's disease 
D)  frontotemporal dementia

Question 8

At what stage of ALS would a patient begin to use adaptive equipment to facilitate activities of daily living (ADLs)?

Accepted Answer

A)  stage I 
B)  stage II 
C)  stage III 
D)  stage IV 
A)  stage I 
B)  stage II 
C)  stage III 
D)  stage IV

Question 9

What is the most physically devastating of neurodegenerative diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)  myasthenia gravis 
B)  cerebral palsy 
C)  muscular dystrophy 
D)  amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) 
A)  myasthenia gravis 
B)  cerebral palsy 
C)  muscular dystrophy 
D)  amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Question 10

Loss of which neurotransmitter activity in the brain correlates to the severity of Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamate 
B)  serotonin 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  acetylcholine 
A)  glutamate 
B)  serotonin 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  acetylcholine

Question 11

A physician suspects Alzheimer's disease in a patient.He decides to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and computed tomography (CT)scans to help confirm this diagnosis.What part of the brain will be measured to aid in this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe 
B)  Broca's area 
C)  medial temporal lobe 
D)  occipital lobe 
A)  frontal lobe 
B)  Broca's area 
C)  medial temporal lobe 
D)  occipital lobe

Question 12

Which of the following is a false statement regarding diagnostic criteria for ALS?

Accepted Answer

A)  unstable motor units present 
B)  low amplitude polyphasic motor unit potential 
C)  denervation atrophy on muscle biopsy 
D)  abnormal cerebrospinal fluid 
A)  unstable motor units present 
B)  low amplitude polyphasic motor unit potential 
C)  denervation atrophy on muscle biopsy 
D)  abnormal cerebrospinal fluid

Question 13

Which of the following symptoms of ALS are considered signs of lower motor neuron involvement?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of dexterity 
B)  spasticity 
C)  decreased movement of the tongue 
D)  positive Babinski's response 
A)  lack of dexterity 
B)  spasticity 
C)  decreased movement of the tongue 
D)  positive Babinski's response

Question 14

What is the single most common and disabling symptom of MS?

Accepted Answer

A)  visual disturbances 
B)  fatigue 
C)  sensory changes 
D)  muscular rigidity 
A)  visual disturbances 
B)  fatigue 
C)  sensory changes 
D)  muscular rigidity

Question 15

Huntington's disease (HD)is characterized by an atrophy of what part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  hippocampus 
B)  basal ganglia 
C)  thalamus 
D)  hypothalamus 
A)  hippocampus 
B)  basal ganglia 
C)  thalamus 
D)  hypothalamus

Question 16

Which of the following symptoms is indicative of late stage HD?

Accepted Answer

A)  normal muscle strength 
B)  day time sleeping and night time restlessness 
C)  mild dysarthria 
D)  minor choreic movements 
A)  normal muscle strength 
B)  day time sleeping and night time restlessness 
C)  mild dysarthria 
D)  minor choreic movements

Question 17

Which of the following is considered a sign of dementia rather than a normal sign of aging?

Accepted Answer

A)  periodic minor memory lapses 
B)  unpredictable mood changes 
C)  increasingly cautious behavior 
D)  normal sense of smell 
A)  periodic minor memory lapses 
B)  unpredictable mood changes 
C)  increasingly cautious behavior 
D)  normal sense of smell

Question 18

A patient with dystonia presents to the physician for a Botox injection.Where will the physician most likely inject the Botox?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the affected muscle 
B)  in the synergistic muscle 
C)  in the contralateral muscle 
D)  in the hip 
A)  in the affected muscle 
B)  in the synergistic muscle 
C)  in the contralateral muscle 
D)  in the hip

Question 19

What type of multiple sclerosis (MS)describes an initial pattern of relapse and remission and changes into a steadily progressive pattern over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  relapsing/remitting MS 
B)  secondary progressive MS 
C)  primary progressive MS 
D)  progressive relapsing MS 
A)  relapsing/remitting MS 
B)  secondary progressive MS 
C)  primary progressive MS 
D)  progressive relapsing MS

Question 20

What is the most common initial manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  rigidity 
B)  bradykinesia 
C)  tremor 
D)  festinating gait 
A)  rigidity 
B)  bradykinesia 
C)  tremor 
D)  festinating gait

Exam 20: Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Which of the following is associated with an improved prognosis of MS?

Which of the following would be an effective intervention strategy for patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease?

Which of the following functions will remain normal throughout the course of ALS?

The physical therapist assistant (PTA)begins treatment on a patient diagnosed with PD.The patient informs the therapist that he has a thalamic stimulator to help control his PD.What symptom of PD will best be controlled with the thalamic stimulator?

Which medication used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease acts on nicotine receptors?

What cranial nerve is involved with tic douloureux?

What is the most common type of dementia?

At what stage of ALS would a patient begin to use adaptive equipment to facilitate activities of daily living (ADLs)?

What is the most physically devastating of neurodegenerative diseases?

Loss of which neurotransmitter activity in the brain correlates to the severity of Alzheimer's disease?

A physician suspects Alzheimer's disease in a patient.He decides to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and computed tomography (CT)scans to help confirm this diagnosis.What part of the brain will be measured to aid in this diagnosis?

Which of the following is a false statement regarding diagnostic criteria for ALS?

Which of the following symptoms of ALS are considered signs of lower motor neuron involvement?

What is the single most common and disabling symptom of MS?

Huntington's disease (HD)is characterized by an atrophy of what part of the brain?

Which of the following symptoms is indicative of late stage HD?

Which of the following is considered a sign of dementia rather than a normal sign of aging?

A patient with dystonia presents to the physician for a Botox injection.Where will the physician most likely inject the Botox?

What type of multiple sclerosis (MS)describes an initial pattern of relapse and remission and changes into a steadily progressive pattern over time?

What is the most common initial manifestation of Parkinson's disease (PD)?

Introduction to Concepts of Pathology

Problems Affecting Multiple Systems

Injury, Inflammation, and Healing

The Immune System

Infectious Disease

Oncology

The Integumentary System

The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems

The Cardiovascular System

The Hematologic System

The Respiratory System

The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems

Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Musculoskeletal Neoplasms

Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Diseases and Disorders

Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders

Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Stroke

Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Cerebral Palsy

The Peripheral Nervous System

Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors Contributing to Disease and Dysfunction

The Psychosocial-Spiritual Impact on Health Care

Environmental and Occupational Medicine

The Gastrointestinal System

The Renal and Urologic Systems

Central Nervous System Neoplasms

Epilepsy

Headache

The Male Genital or Reproductive System

The Female Genital or Reproductive System

Vestibular Disorders

Laboratory Tests and Values

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