Question 1

Which of the following spinal cord disorders describes external protrusion only of the meninges?

Accepted Answer

A)  spina bifida occulta 
B)  myelomeningocele 
C)  meningocele 
D)  spondylitis 
A)  spina bifida occulta 
B)  myelomeningocele 
C)  meningocele 
D)  spondylitis C

Question 2

Erb-Duchenne palsy affects which nerve roots?

Accepted Answer

A)  C3-C4 
B)  C5-C6 
C)  C5-T1 
D)  C8-T1 
A)  C3-C4 
B)  C5-C6 
C)  C5-T1 
D)  C8-T1 B

Question 3

An infant has a myelomeningocele at level L4-L5.Which of the following muscles would most likely have normal function in this individual?

Accepted Answer

A)  tibialis anterior 
B)  gluteus medius 
C)  peroneus brevis 
D)  iliopsoas 
A)  tibialis anterior 
B)  gluteus medius 
C)  peroneus brevis 
D)  iliopsoas D

Question 4

Measurement of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)allows detection of Down syndrome in what stage of pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  at conception 
B)  first trimester 
C)  second trimester 
D)  at birth 
A)  at conception 
B)  first trimester 
C)  second trimester 
D)  at birth

Question 5

Kyphoscoliosis primarily affects what part of the spine?

Accepted Answer

A)  cervical 
B)  thoracic 
C)  lumbar 
D)  sacral 
A)  cervical 
B)  thoracic 
C)  lumbar 
D)  sacral

Question 6

What type of osteogenesis imperfecta would likely result in death during infancy or early childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)  type I 
B)  type II 
C)  type III 
D)  type IV 
A)  type I 
B)  type II 
C)  type III 
D)  type IV

Question 7

Why do many clients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy exhibit increased lumbar lordosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  quadriceps weakness 
B)  hip abductor weakness 
C)  abdominal and hip extensor weakness 
D)  tight iliopsoas muscles 
A)  quadriceps weakness 
B)  hip abductor weakness 
C)  abdominal and hip extensor weakness 
D)  tight iliopsoas muscles

Question 8

Which of the following is a common gait deviation seen with Down syndrome children?

Accepted Answer

A)  long step length 
B)  decreased knee flexion at heel contact 
C)  hyperextension in stance 
D)  increased hip extension at push off 
A)  long step length 
B)  decreased knee flexion at heel contact 
C)  hyperextension in stance 
D)  increased hip extension at push off

Question 9

A child with myelomeningocele has achieved functional ambulation outdoors by age 6.What does this information tell the PTA about the child's prognosis for functional ambulation as he ages?

Accepted Answer

A)  This child has a good ambulation prognosis. 
B)  This child has a poor ambulation prognosis. 
C)  This child will most likely use a wheelchair at age 10. 
D)  Ambulation prognosis cannot be determined from this information. 
A)  This child has a good ambulation prognosis. 
B)  This child has a poor ambulation prognosis. 
C)  This child will most likely use a wheelchair at age 10. 
D)  Ambulation prognosis cannot be determined from this information.

Question 10

What type of muscular dystrophy has the most rapid progression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Duchenne's muscular dystrophy 
B)  Becker's muscular dystrophy 
C)  facioscapulohumeral dystrophy 
D)  limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 
A)  Duchenne's muscular dystrophy 
B)  Becker's muscular dystrophy 
C)  facioscapulohumeral dystrophy 
D)  limb-girdle muscular dystrophy

Question 11

Which of the following profiles of mothers are most likely to have children with Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  overweight 
B)  smokers 
C)  over 30 years old 
D)  mentally challenged 
A)  overweight 
B)  smokers 
C)  over 30 years old 
D)  mentally challenged

Question 12

An individual with a right torticollis will present with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  left side bending and left rotation 
B)  right side bending and right rotation 
C)  left side bending and right rotation 
D)  right side bending and left rotation 
A)  left side bending and left rotation 
B)  right side bending and right rotation 
C)  left side bending and right rotation 
D)  right side bending and left rotation

Question 13

What is the most common type of scoliosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  idiopathic 
B)  osteopathic 
C)  myopathic 
D)  neuropathic 
A)  idiopathic 
B)  osteopathic 
C)  myopathic 
D)  neuropathic

Question 14

What is the highest functional level that an individual with an S1 myelomeningocele would most likely achieve?

Accepted Answer

A)  supported sitting 
B)  good sitting balance 
C)  household ambulation 
D)  community ambulation 
A)  supported sitting 
B)  good sitting balance 
C)  household ambulation 
D)  community ambulation

Question 15

What type of spinal muscular atrophy is the most severe?

Accepted Answer

A)  type I 
B)  type II 
C)  type III 
D)  type IV 
A)  type I 
B)  type II 
C)  type III 
D)  type IV

Question 16

Which of the following is not a dominant feature of arthrogryposis multiplex congenital (AMC)?

Accepted Answer

A)  articular rigidity 
B)  muscle weakness 
C)  replacement of muscle with fibrous fatty tissue 
D)  brittle bones 
A)  articular rigidity 
B)  muscle weakness 
C)  replacement of muscle with fibrous fatty tissue 
D)  brittle bones

Question 17

What is often the first sign of facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  forward shoulders and scapular winging 
B)  difficulty raising the arms overhead 
C)  tibialis anterior weakness 
D)  inability to close the eyes 
A)  forward shoulders and scapular winging 
B)  difficulty raising the arms overhead 
C)  tibialis anterior weakness 
D)  inability to close the eyes

Question 18

The PTA is using a scoliometer to screen for scoliosis in adolescent patients.What is the minimal degree of deviation from 0 that warrants further medical evaluation?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 degrees 
B)  5 degrees 
C)  10 degrees 
D)  12 degrees 
A)  3 degrees 
B)  5 degrees 
C)  10 degrees 
D)  12 degrees

Question 19

Posterior dislocation of the radial head is usually a sign of what type of brachial plexus injury at birth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erb-Duchenne palsy 
B)  Klumpke's palsy 
C)  proximal plexus palsy 
D)  cerebral palsy 
A)  Erb-Duchenne palsy 
B)  Klumpke's palsy 
C)  proximal plexus palsy 
D)  cerebral palsy

Question 20

A patient presents to physical therapy requiring bracing secondary to scoliosis.What are some of the common precautions given to patients using orthotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Wear a thick protective layer under the brace. 
B)  Monitor the skin under the brace for redness. 
C)  Direct heat improves the integrity of brace materials. 
D)  Braces should fit tightly. 
A)  Wear a thick protective layer under the brace. 
B)  Monitor the skin under the brace for redness. 
C)  Direct heat improves the integrity of brace materials. 
D)  Braces should fit tightly.

Exam 14: Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Which of the following spinal cord disorders describes external protrusion only of the meninges?

Erb-Duchenne palsy affects which nerve roots?

An infant has a myelomeningocele at level L4-L5.Which of the following muscles would most likely have normal function in this individual?

Measurement of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)allows detection of Down syndrome in what stage of pregnancy?

Kyphoscoliosis primarily affects what part of the spine?

What type of osteogenesis imperfecta would likely result in death during infancy or early childhood?

Why do many clients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy exhibit increased lumbar lordosis?

Which of the following is a common gait deviation seen with Down syndrome children?

A child with myelomeningocele has achieved functional ambulation outdoors by age 6.What does this information tell the PTA about the child's prognosis for functional ambulation as he ages?

What type of muscular dystrophy has the most rapid progression?

Which of the following profiles of mothers are most likely to have children with Down syndrome?

An individual with a right torticollis will present with which of the following?

What is the most common type of scoliosis?

What is the highest functional level that an individual with an S1 myelomeningocele would most likely achieve?

What type of spinal muscular atrophy is the most severe?

Which of the following is not a dominant feature of arthrogryposis multiplex congenital (AMC)?

What is often the first sign of facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD)?

The PTA is using a scoliometer to screen for scoliosis in adolescent patients.What is the minimal degree of deviation from 0 that warrants further medical evaluation?

Posterior dislocation of the radial head is usually a sign of what type of brachial plexus injury at birth?

A patient presents to physical therapy requiring bracing secondary to scoliosis.What are some of the common precautions given to patients using orthotics?

Introduction to Concepts of Pathology

Problems Affecting Multiple Systems

Injury, Inflammation, and Healing

The Immune System

Infectious Disease

Oncology

The Integumentary System

The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems

The Cardiovascular System

The Hematologic System

The Respiratory System

The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems

Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System

Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Musculoskeletal Neoplasms

Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Diseases and Disorders

Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders

Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Stroke

Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Cerebral Palsy

The Peripheral Nervous System

Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors Contributing to Disease and Dysfunction

The Psychosocial-Spiritual Impact on Health Care

Environmental and Occupational Medicine

The Gastrointestinal System

The Renal and Urologic Systems

Central Nervous System Neoplasms

Epilepsy

Headache

The Male Genital or Reproductive System

The Female Genital or Reproductive System

Vestibular Disorders

Laboratory Tests and Values

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