Question 1

The probability of a hit is increased with ______ oxygen and ______ LET radiation.

Accepted Answer

A)  high, low 
B)  low, low 
C)  high, high 
D)  low, high 
A)  high, low 
B)  low, low 
C)  high, high 
D)  low, high C

Question 2

According to target theory, the target molecule of a cell is _____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  any molecule in the cell 
B)  the DNA in the nucleus 
C)  a water molecule 
D)  a protein macromolecule 
A)  any molecule in the cell 
B)  the DNA in the nucleus 
C)  a water molecule 
D)  a protein macromolecule B

Question 3

The mean lethal dose for high-LET radiation is _______ than after low-LET radiation.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher 
B)  lower 
C)  the same 
D)  unknown 
A)  higher 
B)  lower 
C)  the same 
D)  unknown B

Question 4

The DQ is the ____________ dose for irradiation of human cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  single-target 
B)  multi-hit 
C)  lethal 
D)  threshold 
A)  single-target 
B)  multi-hit 
C)  lethal 
D)  threshold

Question 5

The DO represents the ______________ dose for human cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  mean survival 
B)  mean lethal 
C)  50% survival 
D)  50% lethal 
A)  mean survival 
B)  mean lethal 
C)  50% survival 
D)  50% lethal

Question 6

Irradiation hits occur through ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  indirect effects 
B)  direct effects 
C)  excitation events 
D)  Both A and B 
A)  indirect effects 
B)  direct effects 
C)  excitation events 
D)  Both A and B

Question 7

The _______-target, ______-hit model of radiation-induced cell death applies to simple cells only.

Accepted Answer

A)  single, single 
B)  multiple, multiple 
C)  multiple, single 
D)  single, multiple 
A)  single, single 
B)  multiple, multiple 
C)  multiple, single 
D)  single, multiple

Question 8

If oxygen is present during high-LET radiation the effect of radiation is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced 
B)  minimal 
C)  maximal 
D)  the same 
A)  reduced 
B)  minimal 
C)  maximal 
D)  the same

Question 9

A hit to a cell target can occur from a(n) _________________ effect.

Accepted Answer

A)  indirect 
B)  direct 
C)  oxygen 
D)  Both A and B 
A)  indirect 
B)  direct 
C)  oxygen 
D)  Both A and B

Question 10

Which of the following types of radioactive particle has the highest LET?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha particle 
B)  X-ray 
C)  Gamma-ray 
D)  Proton 
A)  Alpha particle 
B)  X-ray 
C)  Gamma-ray 
D)  Proton

Question 11

A target molecule that is __________________ will always cause cell death.

Accepted Answer

A)  inactivated 
B)  damaged 
C)  hit 
D)  ionized 
A)  inactivated 
B)  damaged 
C)  hit 
D)  ionized

Question 12

The lethal effects of cell irradiation are measured by cell _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  death 
B)  survival 
C)  damage 
D)  mutation 
A)  death 
B)  survival 
C)  damage 
D)  mutation

Question 13

The x-intercept of a low LET cell-survival curve is _______ than a similar high LET cell-survival curve.

Accepted Answer

A)  the same 
B)  larger 
C)  smaller 
D)  None of the above 
A)  the same 
B)  larger 
C)  smaller 
D)  None of the above

Question 14

Human cells are most radiosensitive during the _________ phase of the cell cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)  gap2 
B)  gap1 
C)  mitosis 
D)  synthesis 
A)  gap2 
B)  gap1 
C)  mitosis 
D)  synthesis

Question 15

If oxygen is present during low-LET radiation the effect of radiation is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reduced 
B)  minimal 
C)  maximal 
D)  the same 
A)  reduced 
B)  minimal 
C)  maximal 
D)  the same

Exam 32: Cellular Radiobiology

The probability of a hit is increased with ______ oxygen and ______ LET radiation.

According to target theory, the target molecule of a cell is _____________________.

The mean lethal dose for high-LET radiation is _______ than after low-LET radiation.

The DQ is the ____________ dose for irradiation of human cells.

The DO represents the ______________ dose for human cells.

Irradiation hits occur through ___________________.

The _______-target, ______-hit model of radiation-induced cell death applies to simple cells only.

If oxygen is present during high-LET radiation the effect of radiation is __________.

A hit to a cell target can occur from a(n) _________________ effect.

Which of the following types of radioactive particle has the highest LET?

A target molecule that is __________________ will always cause cell death.

The lethal effects of cell irradiation are measured by cell _______________.

The x-intercept of a low LET cell-survival curve is _______ than a similar high LET cell-survival curve.

Human cells are most radiosensitive during the _________ phase of the cell cycle.

If oxygen is present during low-LET radiation the effect of radiation is __________.

Essential Concepts of Radiologic Science

The Structure of Matter

Electromagnetic Energy

Electricity, Magnetism, and Electromagnetism

The X-ray Imaging System

The X-ray Tube

X-ray Production

X-ray Emission

X-ray Interaction with Matter

Radiographic Image Quality

Control of Scatter Radiation

Screen-Film Radiography

Screen-Film Radiographic Technique

Medical Imaging Computer Science

Computed Radiography

Digital Radiography

Digital Radiographic Technique

Viewing the Digital Image

Screen-Film Radiographic Artifacts

Screen-Film Radiographic Quality Control

Digital Radiographic Artifacts

Digital Radiographic Quality Control

Mammography

Mammography Quality Control

Fluoroscopy

Digital Fluoroscopy

Interventional Radiology

Computed Tomography

Human Biology

Fundamental Principles of Radiobiology

Molecular Radiobiology

Deterministic Effects of Radiation

Stochastic Effects of Radiation

Health Physics

Designing for Radiation Protection

Radiography/Fluoroscopy Patient Radiation Dose

Computed Tomography Patient Radiation Dose

Patient Radiation Dose Management

Occupational Radiation Dose Management

Filters

The probability of a hit is increased with oxygen and LET radiation.

The _-target, -hit model of radiation-induced cell death applies to simple cells only.