Question 1

The great apes and first hominids arose from a common ancestor approximately ____ years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  100,000 
B)  1 million 
C)  3 million 
D)  5 million 
E)  7 million 
A)  100,000 
B)  1 million 
C)  3 million 
D)  5 million 
E)  7 million

Question 2

Which ancestors of modern humans migrated out of Africa to populate the rest of the world?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo habilis 
B)  Homo erectus 
C)  Neanderthals 
D)  Cro Magnon 
E)  Homo sapiens 
A)  Homo habilis 
B)  Homo erectus 
C)  Neanderthals 
D)  Cro Magnon 
E)  Homo sapiens

Question 3

An insect that exhibits resistance to a pesticide

Accepted Answer

A)  developed the resistance in response to the pesticide. 
B)  mutated when exposed to the pesticide. 
C)  inherited genes that made it resistant to the pesticide. 
D)  drifted from an adjacent field. 
E)  received resistance genes during mating. 
A)  developed the resistance in response to the pesticide. 
B)  mutated when exposed to the pesticide. 
C)  inherited genes that made it resistant to the pesticide. 
D)  drifted from an adjacent field. 
E)  received resistance genes during mating.

Question 4

Thomas Malthus proposed that

Accepted Answer

A)  the food supply multiplied faster than the population. 
B)  the population tended to outgrow its resources. 
C)  the food supply and population multiplied at the same rate. 
D)  artificial selection was the key to evolution. 
E)  natural selection was the key to evolution. 
A)  the food supply multiplied faster than the population. 
B)  the population tended to outgrow its resources. 
C)  the food supply and population multiplied at the same rate. 
D)  artificial selection was the key to evolution. 
E)  natural selection was the key to evolution.

Question 5

The primitive earth's atmosphere did NOT contain

Accepted Answer

A)  water vapor. 
B)  free nitrogen. 
C)  free hydrogen. 
D)  free oxygen. 
E)  inert gases. 
A)  water vapor. 
B)  free nitrogen. 
C)  free hydrogen. 
D)  free oxygen. 
E)  inert gases.

Question 6

What accounts for the fact that polydactylism is prevalent and Tay-Sachs disease virtually absent in one human population in the United States, while Tay-Sachs disease is prevalent and polydactylism virtually absent in another?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural selection has promoted these differences since humans live in many different environments. 
B)  Mutation rates differ between different loci. 
C)  There is little gene flow between the two populations. 
D)  The populations are small, and therefore genetic drift is a major factor in the determination of allele frequencies. 
E)  Genetics is an unpredictable science. 
A)  Natural selection has promoted these differences since humans live in many different environments. 
B)  Mutation rates differ between different loci. 
C)  There is little gene flow between the two populations. 
D)  The populations are small, and therefore genetic drift is a major factor in the determination of allele frequencies. 
E)  Genetics is an unpredictable science.

Question 7

When DDT was first introduced, insects were very susceptible to it. The development of resistance to DDT by insects was the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  special creation. 
B)  natural selection of forms that expressed genes for resistance. 
C)  the high biotic potential of insects. 
D)  a naturally occurring example of inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
E)  mutation induced by DDT. 
A)  special creation. 
B)  natural selection of forms that expressed genes for resistance. 
C)  the high biotic potential of insects. 
D)  a naturally occurring example of inheritance of acquired characteristics. 
E)  mutation induced by DDT.

Question 8

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are characteristics of mutations. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  predictable 
B)  lethal or beneficial 
C)  random 
D)  effects depend upon environment 
E)  heritable 
A)  predictable 
B)  lethal or beneficial 
C)  random 
D)  effects depend upon environment 
E)  heritable

Question 9

One theory for the formation of proteins on the primitive earth suggests that they formed on

Accepted Answer

A)  sedimentary rock. 
B)  igneous rock. 
C)  mud. 
D)  bodies of water. 
E)  clay. 
A)  sedimentary rock. 
B)  igneous rock. 
C)  mud. 
D)  bodies of water. 
E)  clay.

Question 10

The evolutionary force that operates primarily through chance is

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  isolation. 
D)  mating preference. 
E)  pregnancy. 
A)  natural selection. 
B)  genetic drift. 
C)  isolation. 
D)  mating preference. 
E)  pregnancy.

Question 11

The study of the worldwide distribution of plants and animals is called

Accepted Answer

A)  paleontology. 
B)  microevolution. 
C)  comparative morphology. 
D)  biogeography. 
E)  phylogeny. 
A)  paleontology. 
B)  microevolution. 
C)  comparative morphology. 
D)  biogeography. 
E)  phylogeny.

Question 12

The history of life on earth spans nearly

Accepted Answer

A)  100,000 years. 
B)  500,000 years. 
C)  100 million years 
D)  1 billion years. 
E)  4 billion years. 
A)  100,000 years. 
B)  500,000 years. 
C)  100 million years 
D)  1 billion years. 
E)  4 billion years.

Question 13

New alleles that appear by mutation

Accepted Answer

A)  are inherently disadvantageous to their bearers. 
B)  are seldom advantageous or disadvantageous in themselves. 
C)  either have or lack survival value only in the context of their environment. 
D)  are seldom advantageous or disadvantageous in themselves and either have or lack survival value only in the context of their environment. 
E)  are inherently disadvantageous to their bearers and are seldom advantageous or disadvantageous in themselves. 
A)  are inherently disadvantageous to their bearers. 
B)  are seldom advantageous or disadvantageous in themselves. 
C)  either have or lack survival value only in the context of their environment. 
D)  are seldom advantageous or disadvantageous in themselves and either have or lack survival value only in the context of their environment. 
E)  are inherently disadvantageous to their bearers and are seldom advantageous or disadvantageous in themselves.

Question 14

Which of the following habitats is most likely to be rich in fossils?

Accepted Answer

A)  eroding hillsides 
B)  deserts 
C)  polar ice caps 
D)  the bed of a former shallow sea 
E)  rocky plateau 
A)  eroding hillsides 
B)  deserts 
C)  polar ice caps 
D)  the bed of a former shallow sea 
E)  rocky plateau

Question 15

Microevolution is the result of all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  chance variation. 
B)  change in gene frequency. 
C)  mutation. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  large scale patterns or trends. 
A)  chance variation. 
B)  change in gene frequency. 
C)  mutation. 
D)  natural selection. 
E)  large scale patterns or trends.

Question 16

Divergence may lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift. 
B)  speciation. 
C)  balanced polymorphism. 
D)  gene flow. 
E)  genetic equilibrium. 
A)  genetic drift. 
B)  speciation. 
C)  balanced polymorphism. 
D)  gene flow. 
E)  genetic equilibrium.

Question 17

The wings of a bird and the wings of a butterfly are ____ and show morphological ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous; convergence 
B)  analogous; convergence 
C)  homologous; divergence 
D)  analogous; divergence 
E)  similar; mutation 
A)  homologous; convergence 
B)  analogous; convergence 
C)  homologous; divergence 
D)  analogous; divergence 
E)  similar; mutation

Question 18

Although birds, fish, mammals, reptiles and amphibians are different, evidence of their evolutionary links is provided by

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical analysis. 
B)  comparison of adult body forms. 
C)  comparison of ways in which their embryos develop. 
D)  time of gestation. 
E)  comparing life expectancies. 
A)  chemical analysis. 
B)  comparison of adult body forms. 
C)  comparison of ways in which their embryos develop. 
D)  time of gestation. 
E)  comparing life expectancies.

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: This process can rapidly offset the effects of genetic isolation when two populations come into secondary contact.
This is most likely to lead to the loss of genetic variation in a small population.
This process produces new genetic variation within a species.
The reduced contribution of one phenotype in comparison to another to the next generation is an example of this.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of mutation and genetic drift and natural selection is...

Question 20

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  some mutations may be beneficial 
B)  some mutations may be harmful 
C)  some mutations may be neutral 
D)  mutations are an important part of evolution 
E)  all mutations are harmful 
A)  some mutations may be beneficial 
B)  some mutations may be harmful 
C)  some mutations may be neutral 
D)  mutations are an important part of evolution 
E)  all mutations are harmful

Exam 23: Principles of Evolution

The great apes and first hominids arose from a common ancestor approximately ____ years ago.

Which ancestors of modern humans migrated out of Africa to populate the rest of the world?

An insect that exhibits resistance to a pesticide

Thomas Malthus proposed that

The primitive earth's atmosphere did NOT contain

What accounts for the fact that polydactylism is prevalent and Tay-Sachs disease virtually absent in one human population in the United States, while Tay-Sachs disease is prevalent and polydactylism virtually absent in another?

When DDT was first introduced, insects were very susceptible to it. The development of resistance to DDT by insects was the result of

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are characteristics of mutations. Select the exception.

One theory for the formation of proteins on the primitive earth suggests that they formed on

The evolutionary force that operates primarily through chance is

The study of the worldwide distribution of plants and animals is called

The history of life on earth spans nearly

New alleles that appear by mutation

Which of the following habitats is most likely to be rich in fossils?

Microevolution is the result of all of the following EXCEPT

Divergence may lead to

The wings of a bird and the wings of a butterfly are ____ and show morphological ____.

Although birds, fish, mammals, reptiles and amphibians are different, evidence of their evolutionary links is provided by

Which of the following statements is false?

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

The wings of a bird and the wings of a butterfly are and show morphological .