Question 1

What quality do cardiac and skeletal muscles share?

Accepted Answer

A)  they are both smooth muscle 
B)  they are both voluntary muscle 
C)  they are both involuntary muscle 
D)  they are both striated 
E)  they are both found in the heart 
A)  they are both smooth muscle 
B)  they are both voluntary muscle 
C)  they are both involuntary muscle 
D)  they are both striated 
E)  they are both found in the heart

Question 2

Calcium ions used for muscle contraction are stored in which part of the muscle cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nucleus 
B)  the Golgi apparatus 
C)  the sarcoplasmic reticulum 
D)  the ribosomes 
E)  the lysosomes 
A)  the nucleus 
B)  the Golgi apparatus 
C)  the sarcoplasmic reticulum 
D)  the ribosomes 
E)  the lysosomes

Question 3

The space between the branched nerve endings and the muscle cell membrane is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  myelin sheath. 
B)  synapse. 
C)  dendrite. 
D)  gap junction. 
E)  tight junction. 
A)  myelin sheath. 
B)  synapse. 
C)  dendrite. 
D)  gap junction. 
E)  tight junction.

Question 4

Smooth muscle is

Accepted Answer

A)  involuntary and nonstriated. 
B)  responsible for movement of the skeleton. 
C)  involved in contraction of the heart. 
D)  connected to bones by tendons. 
E)  involuntary, nonstriated, and involved in contraction of the heart. 
A)  involuntary and nonstriated. 
B)  responsible for movement of the skeleton. 
C)  involved in contraction of the heart. 
D)  connected to bones by tendons. 
E)  involuntary, nonstriated, and involved in contraction of the heart.

Question 5

During exercise, when energy from cellular respiration is depleted, the muscle cell relies on which substances for energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose and glycogen 
B)  glucose and fatty acids 
C)  fatty acids and glycogen 
D)  proteins 
E)  fatty acids and lactic acid 
A)  glucose and glycogen 
B)  glucose and fatty acids 
C)  fatty acids and glycogen 
D)  proteins 
E)  fatty acids and lactic acid

Question 6

During contraction

Accepted Answer

A)  cross bridges of muscle filaments are broken and reformed. 
B)  ATP is released as a biproduct from cross-bridges. 
C)  muscle cells use phosphate as their energy source. 
D)  if there is an abundant supply of oxygen, glycogen depletion by glycolysis will lead to fatigue. 
E)  calcium is linked to the myosin head. 
A)  cross bridges of muscle filaments are broken and reformed. 
B)  ATP is released as a biproduct from cross-bridges. 
C)  muscle cells use phosphate as their energy source. 
D)  if there is an abundant supply of oxygen, glycogen depletion by glycolysis will lead to fatigue. 
E)  calcium is linked to the myosin head.

Question 7

Smooth muscle is found in

Accepted Answer

A)  arms and legs. 
B)  the walls of hollow organs and tubes. 
C)  the heart. 
D)  the brain. 
E)  appendages only. 
A)  arms and legs. 
B)  the walls of hollow organs and tubes. 
C)  the heart. 
D)  the brain. 
E)  appendages only.

Question 8

Which of the following includes all the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  actin 
B)  myofibril 
C)  myosin 
D)  myofilament 
E)  muscle cell 
A)  actin 
B)  myofibril 
C)  myosin 
D)  myofilament 
E)  muscle cell

Question 9

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are muscles. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  pectoralis 
B)  patella 
C)  gastrocnemius 
D)  deltoid 
E)  sartorius 
A)  pectoralis 
B)  patella 
C)  gastrocnemius 
D)  deltoid 
E)  sartorius

Question 10

Anaerobic exercise affects muscle cells by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the number of mitochondria. 
B)  increasing the size of mitochondria. 
C)  increasing the number of capillaries supplying muscle tissue. 
D)  increasing nourishment to the cells and waste removal from the cells. 
E)  producing ATP without oxygen. 
A)  increasing the number of mitochondria. 
B)  increasing the size of mitochondria. 
C)  increasing the number of capillaries supplying muscle tissue. 
D)  increasing nourishment to the cells and waste removal from the cells. 
E)  producing ATP without oxygen.

Question 11

The sliding filament model

Accepted Answer

A)  supplies the energy needed for muscle contraction. 
B)  provides a flexing action for the muscle fibers. 
C)  describes the action of the actin and myosin in a muscle cell. 
D)  explains muscle fatigue. 
E)  only explains how muscles contract, not how they relax. 
A)  supplies the energy needed for muscle contraction. 
B)  provides a flexing action for the muscle fibers. 
C)  describes the action of the actin and myosin in a muscle cell. 
D)  explains muscle fatigue. 
E)  only explains how muscles contract, not how they relax.

Question 12

The basic unit of contraction in a muscle is the

Accepted Answer

A)  myofibril. 
B)  sarcomere. 
C)  sliding filament. 
D)  contractile vacuole. 
E)  Z band. 
A)  myofibril. 
B)  sarcomere. 
C)  sliding filament. 
D)  contractile vacuole. 
E)  Z band.

Question 13

The neurotransmitter used for muscle contraction is

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  GABA. 
D)  acetylcholine. 
E)  aspartate. 
A)  serotonin. 
B)  dopamine. 
C)  GABA. 
D)  acetylcholine. 
E)  aspartate.

Question 14

Most of the body's muscle tissue is

Accepted Answer

A)  smooth muscle. 
B)  skeletal muscle. 
C)  cardiac muscle. 
D)  involuntary muscle. 
E)  digestive muscle. 
A)  smooth muscle. 
B)  skeletal muscle. 
C)  cardiac muscle. 
D)  involuntary muscle. 
E)  digestive muscle.

Question 15

Red muscles are designed to contract

Accepted Answer

A)  quickly. 
B)  quickly and for short periods. 
C)  slowly. 
D)  slowly for short periods. 
E)  slowly for long periods. 
A)  quickly. 
B)  quickly and for short periods. 
C)  slowly. 
D)  slowly for short periods. 
E)  slowly for long periods.

Question 16

When a person dies, myosin cross-bridges with actin can't break apart leading to the condition known as

Accepted Answer

A)  muscle spasm. 
B)  flaccid paralysis. 
C)  spastic paralysis. 
D)  rigor mortis. 
E)  habeas corpus. 
A)  muscle spasm. 
B)  flaccid paralysis. 
C)  spastic paralysis. 
D)  rigor mortis. 
E)  habeas corpus.

Question 17

When one muscle group is stimulated, no nervous signals are sent to the opposing group. This is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal innervation. 
B)  lack of innervation. 
C)  hyperreflexia. 
D)  compensation. 
E)  depolarization. 
A)  reciprocal innervation. 
B)  lack of innervation. 
C)  hyperreflexia. 
D)  compensation. 
E)  depolarization.

Question 18

A common term for the disease tetanus is

Accepted Answer

A)  muscular dystrophy. 
B)  sarcoma. 
C)  lockjaw. 
D)  botulism. 
E)  myofibrosis. 
A)  muscular dystrophy. 
B)  sarcoma. 
C)  lockjaw. 
D)  botulism. 
E)  myofibrosis.

Question 19

The ability to extend a leg is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  contraction of ligaments and tendons. 
B)  contraction of a muscle. 
C)  lengthening of a muscle. 
D)  a combination of push and pull by antagonistic muscle pairs. 
E)  relaxation of myosin and actin proteins. 
A)  contraction of ligaments and tendons. 
B)  contraction of a muscle. 
C)  lengthening of a muscle. 
D)  a combination of push and pull by antagonistic muscle pairs. 
E)  relaxation of myosin and actin proteins.

Question 20

A muscle contraction that shortens the muscle to move a load is

Accepted Answer

A)  isometric. 
B)  isotonic. 
C)  eccentric. 
D)  heliocentric. 
E)  dynamic. 
A)  isometric. 
B)  isotonic. 
C)  eccentric. 
D)  heliocentric. 
E)  dynamic.

Exam 6: The Muscular System

What quality do cardiac and skeletal muscles share?

Calcium ions used for muscle contraction are stored in which part of the muscle cell?

The space between the branched nerve endings and the muscle cell membrane is called a

Smooth muscle is

During exercise, when energy from cellular respiration is depleted, the muscle cell relies on which substances for energy?

During contraction

Smooth muscle is found in

Which of the following includes all the others?

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are muscles. Select the exception.

Anaerobic exercise affects muscle cells by

The sliding filament model

The basic unit of contraction in a muscle is the

The neurotransmitter used for muscle contraction is

Most of the body's muscle tissue is

Red muscles are designed to contract

When a person dies, myosin cross-bridges with actin can't break apart leading to the condition known as

When one muscle group is stimulated, no nervous signals are sent to the opposing group. This is the result of

A common term for the disease tetanus is

The ability to extend a leg is the result of

A muscle contraction that shortens the muscle to move a load is

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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