Exam 5: Instrumental Conditioning

Compare the evidence for behavioral variability and stereotypy.What evidence is there that variability can be conditioned?

What factors contribute to the effectiveness of an instrumental reinforcer?

Which of the following is an example of a response reinforcer relationship with good contingency but weak temporal contiguity?

The competition between natural responses and the responses required by the experimenter sometimes leads to the development of behaviors that interfere with an animal making an instrumental response.The development of these behaviors is called

Which of the following is an example of (positive) punishment?

Your sister's hamster keeps escaping from its cage.On the first day, it took the hamster 14 hours to escape, but by the second week, the hamster could only be confined for 30 minutes before it worked its way to freedom.According to Thorndike's theory,

Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?

According to Skinner, superstitious behavior is due to

According to behavioral systems theory, the periodicity of interim responses is best explained by

What are the effects of a delay of reinforcement on instrumental learning and what causes these effects?

What is the current thinking about instrumental reinforcement and creativity, and what is the relevant experimental evidence?

Subjects exposed to inescapable shock in the exposure phase of a learned helplessness experiment typically show slowed escape learning during a later conditioning phase.However, if during the conditioning phase their escape responses are marked by an external stimulus, they show little disruption of their escape learning.This suggests that

Dave the Druid makes a sacrificial offering of wine to the sun every 365 days.Each time he does so, the sun rises over the same stone.Dave believes pouring wine over the stone causes the sun to rise there because he has made a mistake in the component of the response reinforcer relationship.

Ralph only gets to watch television in the afternoons if he doesn't hit his sister.Otherwise, he must spend the afternoon in his room.This is an example of

In a discrete trial procedure, the researcher can measure all of the following except

Activating the ventral medial prefrontal cortex

Your dog is sitting quietly in the front yard when an intruder approaches.As you would hope, the dog begins to bark vigorously and the intruder runs away.The dog's barking is an example of

Steve anxiously taps his pencil on his desk every day at 11:50.By 11:55 he is licking his lips.Assuming lunch is always served at noon, what, according to behavioral systems theory, best explains his pencil tapping behavior?

A rat in a Skinner box receives a food pellet every fifth time it pushes the response lever.This is an example of

Sometimes, removing a stimulus after some response increases the occurrence of that response.This is an example of