Question 1

Sensitization in the Aplysia occurs due to

Accepted Answer

A) engagement of the facilitory interneuron. 
B) changes in the sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
C) changes in the sensitivity of the sensory neuron 
D) changes in the action potential of the sensory neuron. 
A) engagement of the facilitory interneuron. 
B) changes in the sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
C) changes in the sensitivity of the sensory neuron 
D) changes in the action potential of the sensory neuron.

Question 2

Your friend is surprised by his grandmother's reaction to the unfortunate passing of her husband.Although for years she had shown her husband no overt signs of affection, his death has left her devastated.You explain to your friend that according to the opponent-process theory this change is due to

Accepted Answer

A) a new a process activated by the funeral. 
B) a new b process activated by the funeral. 
C) the removal of the a process associated with her husband. 
D) the removal of the b process associated with her husband. 
A) a new a process activated by the funeral. 
B) a new b process activated by the funeral. 
C) the removal of the a process associated with her husband. 
D) the removal of the b process associated with her husband.

Question 3

Describe two changes in neurons of aplysia that are associated with habituation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe two changes in neurons of aplysia...

Question 4

Your professor is conducting an investigation of visual attention in infants.A relatively complex pattern will be presented to the infants, hopefully eliciting visual attention.What do you predict will happen with repeated presentations of the complex visual stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A) The infants will show uniformly high levels of responding across all trials. 
B) The infants will increase, then decrease, responding. 
C) The infants will decrease, then increase, responding. 
D) The infants will show a high level of responding on the first trial, then decreasing responding on subsequent trials. 
A) The infants will show uniformly high levels of responding across all trials. 
B) The infants will increase, then decrease, responding. 
C) The infants will decrease, then increase, responding. 
D) The infants will show a high level of responding on the first trial, then decreasing responding on subsequent trials.

Question 5

Which of the following is true regarding any given modal action pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) usually found in many species 
B) involves species-specific responses 
C) cannot be elicited by a stimulus found in the organism's usual environment 
D) involves movement towards or away from a stimulus 
A) usually found in many species 
B) involves species-specific responses 
C) cannot be elicited by a stimulus found in the organism's usual environment 
D) involves movement towards or away from a stimulus

Question 6

Your roommate no longer drinks his orange juice every morning like the doctor ordered.He says he does not care for it any more.Based on learning principles, to increase his juice consumption, and benefit his health you suggest

Accepted Answer

A) switching to drinking mild vinegar. 
B) switching to drinking tangerine juice. 
C) eating peanuts before breakfast. 
D) requiring foraging in the refrigerator for the orange juice. 
A) switching to drinking mild vinegar. 
B) switching to drinking tangerine juice. 
C) eating peanuts before breakfast. 
D) requiring foraging in the refrigerator for the orange juice.

Question 7

Describe components of the startle response and how the startle response may undergo sensitization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe components of the startle response and...

Question 8

An emotion-arousing stimulus elicits

Accepted Answer

A) emotion after-effects directly. 
B) the a process directly. 
C) the b process directly. 
D) the a and b processes directly. 
A) emotion after-effects directly. 
B) the a process directly. 
C) the b process directly. 
D) the a and b processes directly.

Question 9

In Aplysia, the role of the facilitory interneuron is to

Accepted Answer

A) increase sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
B) increase the release of neurotransmitter from the sensory neuron. 
C) decrease the sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
D) decrease the release of neurotransmitter from the motor neuron. 
A) increase sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
B) increase the release of neurotransmitter from the sensory neuron. 
C) decrease the sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
D) decrease the release of neurotransmitter from the motor neuron.

Question 10

Which of the following is true of visual attention in human infants?

Accepted Answer

A) All stimuli elicit similar responses across repeated presentations. 
B) Infants initially increase responding to repeated presentations of complex stimuli and decrease responding to repeated presentations of simple stimuli. 
C) Infants initially increase responding to repeated presentations of simple stimuli and decrease responding to repeated presentations of complex stimuli. 
D) Infants increase responding to all stimuli as they become familiar with repeated presentations. 
A) All stimuli elicit similar responses across repeated presentations. 
B) Infants initially increase responding to repeated presentations of complex stimuli and decrease responding to repeated presentations of simple stimuli. 
C) Infants initially increase responding to repeated presentations of simple stimuli and decrease responding to repeated presentations of complex stimuli. 
D) Infants increase responding to all stimuli as they become familiar with repeated presentations.

Question 11

Explain the role of the S-R and state systems in elicited behaviors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the role of the S-R and...

Question 12

How does the dual-process theory account for habituation effects? Sensitization effects?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the dual-process theory account for...

Question 13

Explain why repeated presentations of the same stimulus can elicit responses that decrease in one group of subjects and increase in another group of subjects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why repeated presentations of the same...

Question 14

According to the opponent-process theory, drug tolerance develops because

Accepted Answer

A) the a process weakens. 
B) the b process weakens. 
C) the a process strengthens. 
D) the b process strengthens. 
A) the a process weakens. 
B) the b process weakens. 
C) the a process strengthens. 
D) the b process strengthens.

Question 15

Which of the following is likely to be the most stereotyped response?

Accepted Answer

A) a squirrel eating a walnut 
B) a robin searching for a worm 
C) a grandmother preparing a pie 
D) a young man issuing a threatening gesture 
A) a squirrel eating a walnut 
B) a robin searching for a worm 
C) a grandmother preparing a pie 
D) a young man issuing a threatening gesture

Question 16

Compare the dual-process theory to the opponent-process theory of motivation.What is the goal of each theory?
What similarities do you notice in the mechanisms? Differences? How does each account for habituation effects?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare the dual-process theory to the opponent-process...

Question 17

Repeated presentations of a tactile stimulus make the skin receptors less sensitive, and responding decreases across trials.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) response fatigue. 
B) sensory adaptation. 
C) habituation. 
D) sensitization. 
A) response fatigue. 
B) sensory adaptation. 
C) habituation. 
D) sensitization.

Question 18

What is the correct pathway of the neural signal in a reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

A) afferent neuron, efferent neuron, interneuron 
B) efferent neuron, afferent neuron, interneuron 
C) afferent neuron, sensory neuron, efferent neuron 
D) afferent neuron, interneuron, efferent neuron 
A) afferent neuron, efferent neuron, interneuron 
B) efferent neuron, afferent neuron, interneuron 
C) afferent neuron, sensory neuron, efferent neuron 
D) afferent neuron, interneuron, efferent neuron

Question 19

The stimulus specificity of sensitization is that of habituation.

Accepted Answer

A) less than 
B) greater than 
C) either less than or greater than (depending on the stimulus) 
D) equal to 
A) less than 
B) greater than 
C) either less than or greater than (depending on the stimulus) 
D) equal to

Question 20

A bright light causes a startle response.The second presentation of the light elicits less of a response because the subject was temporarily blinded by the first light flash.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) habituation. 
B) sensitization. 
C) sensory adaptation. 
D) habituation 
A) habituation. 
B) sensitization. 
C) sensory adaptation. 
D) habituation

Sensitization in the Aplysia occurs due to

Your friend is surprised by his grandmother's reaction to the unfortunate passing of her husband.Although for years she had shown her husband no overt signs of affection, his death has left her devastated.You explain to your friend that according to the opponent-process theory this change is due to

Describe two changes in neurons of aplysia that are associated with habituation.

Your professor is conducting an investigation of visual attention in infants.A relatively complex pattern will be presented to the infants, hopefully eliciting visual attention.What do you predict will happen with repeated presentations of the complex visual stimulus?

Which of the following is true regarding any given modal action pattern?

Your roommate no longer drinks his orange juice every morning like the doctor ordered.He says he does not care for it any more.Based on learning principles, to increase his juice consumption, and benefit his health you suggest

Describe components of the startle response and how the startle response may undergo sensitization.

An emotion-arousing stimulus elicits

In Aplysia, the role of the facilitory interneuron is to

Which of the following is true of visual attention in human infants?

Explain the role of the S-R and state systems in elicited behaviors.

How does the dual-process theory account for habituation effects? Sensitization effects?

Explain why repeated presentations of the same stimulus can elicit responses that decrease in one group of subjects and increase in another group of subjects.

According to the opponent-process theory, drug tolerance develops because

Which of the following is likely to be the most stereotyped response?

Compare the dual-process theory to the opponent-process theory of motivation.What is the goal of each theory? What similarities do you notice in the mechanisms? Differences? How does each account for habituation effects?

Repeated presentations of a tactile stimulus make the skin receptors less sensitive, and responding decreases across trials.This is an example of

What is the correct pathway of the neural signal in a reflex arc?

The stimulus specificity of sensitization is that of habituation.

A bright light causes a startle response.The second presentation of the light elicits less of a response because the subject was temporarily blinded by the first light flash.This is an example of

Introduction

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Instrumental Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Averse Control

Comparative Cognition I

Comparative Cognition Ii

Filters

Exam 2: Elicited Behavior, Habituation, and Sensitization

Sensitization in the Aplysia occurs due to

Your friend is surprised by his grandmother's reaction to the unfortunate passing of her husband.Although for years she had shown her husband no overt signs of affection, his death has left her devastated.You explain to your friend that according to the opponent-process theory this change is due to

Describe two changes in neurons of aplysia that are associated with habituation.

Your professor is conducting an investigation of visual attention in infants.A relatively complex pattern will be presented to the infants, hopefully eliciting visual attention.What do you predict will happen with repeated presentations of the complex visual stimulus?

Which of the following is true regarding any given modal action pattern?

Your roommate no longer drinks his orange juice every morning like the doctor ordered.He says he does not care for it any more.Based on learning principles, to increase his juice consumption, and benefit his health you suggest

Describe components of the startle response and how the startle response may undergo sensitization.

An emotion-arousing stimulus elicits

In Aplysia, the role of the facilitory interneuron is to

Which of the following is true of visual attention in human infants?

Explain the role of the S-R and state systems in elicited behaviors.

How does the dual-process theory account for habituation effects? Sensitization effects?

Explain why repeated presentations of the same stimulus can elicit responses that decrease in one group of subjects and increase in another group of subjects.

According to the opponent-process theory, drug tolerance develops because

Which of the following is likely to be the most stereotyped response?

Compare the dual-process theory to the opponent-process theory of motivation.What is the goal of each theory? What similarities do you notice in the mechanisms? Differences? How does each account for habituation effects?

Repeated presentations of a tactile stimulus make the skin receptors less sensitive, and responding decreases across trials.This is an example of

What is the correct pathway of the neural signal in a reflex arc?

The stimulus specificity of sensitization is that of habituation.

A bright light causes a startle response.The second presentation of the light elicits less of a response because the subject was temporarily blinded by the first light flash.This is an example of

Introduction

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

Instrumental Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Averse Control

Comparative Cognition I

Comparative Cognition Ii

Filters