Exam 21: Case Studies 39-44

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How are Seligman's concepts of explanatory style different from Rotter's concepts of external and internal locus of control?

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Seligman's concept of explanatory style is different from Rotter's concepts of locus of control in that Seligman's concept is about judgments about causes of events and Rotter's concept is about rewards and punishments.

Which component of the Type A Behavior Pattern is most associated with heart disease? Based upon the description of Lydia's behavior, predict whether she will develop heart disease or not.Explain.

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The hostility or anger component is most predictive of heart disease.Lydia loses her temper when she is frustrated which indicates the hostility component of the Type A behavior pattern.Therefore, it is likely that she will develop cardiovascular disease in later life.

Application Questions Use the concept of social anxiety to explain Emilio's behavior by answering the following questions. -What are some physiological symptoms of social anxiety? Does Emilio display any of them? Explain.

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Socially anxious people describe themselves as feeling nervous during social interactions.They have heightened physiological arousal.Emilio displays this nervousness as he is described as feeling as though he is "in a living nightmare.His heart is racing, his palms are sweaty, and his mouth is dry.He feels slightly nauseous." while he is waiting to give his speech.All these experiences are physiological symptoms of social anxiety.

How is social anxiety different from introversion? Would Claire be better described as introverted or socially anxious? Why?

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Application Questions Use the concept of social anxiety to explain Emilio's behavior by answering the following questions. -What seems to be the cause of Emilio's social anxiety?

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How does Seligman's concept of learned helplessness and learned optimism relate to the concept of health locus of control?

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How are Seligman's concepts of learned helplessness and learned optimism related to Erikson's theory?

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What are some of the negative effects of Type A behavior? What are some of the positive effects?

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What types of nonverbal behaviors are indicators of Type A behavior? Does Bruce demonstrate any of them? Explain.

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Use Seligman's concepts of learned helplessness, learned optimism and explanatory style to explain Darren and Quincy's behaviors by answering the following questions. -Define learned optimism.Find an example of learned optimism in the case and explain how the behavior fits the definition of the concept.

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Application Questions Use the concept of social anxiety to explain Emilio's behavior by answering the following questions. -What are other terms people use to refer to social anxiety? How are they the same? How are they different? Is Emilio socially anxious or can another term more accurately describe his behavior? Why?

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Use Skinner's concepts of radical behaviorism to explain Lydia and Madison's behavior and relationship.

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Use the concepts of Type A and Type B Behavior Patterns to explain Lydia and Madison's behavior by answering the following questions. -What are the three components of Type A Behavior? Define them and find examples of them in the case.

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How are Type A and Type B Behaviors similar? How are they different? Would Lydia be considered Type A or Type B? Would Madison be considered Type A or Type B? Explain.

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How can Kelly's individuality corollary account for Madison and Lydia's difference in opinion about who should be first flute in their school's marching band?

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Application Questions Use the concepts of Type A and Type B Behavior Patterns to explain Bruce's behavior by answering the following questions. -Could Bruce be considered Type A or Type B? Why? Provide evidence for your answer.

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How does the hostility component of the Type A (or anger-prone) personality compare to Horney's aggressive personality?

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Application Questions Use the concept of social anxiety to explain Claire's behavior by answering the following questions. -What are the characteristics of people with social anxiety? Find examples of these in the case.

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Describe the symptoms that indicate that Malik is experiencing depression.How could Seligman explain Malik's depression?

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Use Seligman's concepts of learned helplessness, learned optimism and explanatory style to explain Darren and Quincy's behaviors by answering the following questions. -Define learned helplessness.Find examples of learned helplessness in the case and explain how the behavior fits the definition of the concept.

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