Exam 7: Expanding Social Horizons: Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Why is it that the potential prosocial benefits of watching television are outweighed by the negative consequences?

As children become more egocentric, they develop an enhanced ability to see the world from another person's point of view.

Of the nearly three-quarters of a million children who suffer from maltreatment or neglect, about _____ percent of them are maltreated psychologically.

A parent helps determine a child's behaviors, but the child's behaviors also shape the techniques used by his or her parents. This bidirectional impact is called ________ influence.

Friendship involves mutual and voluntary liking.

As adults, children of divorced parents are less likely to experience a divorce themselves. This is because they learn from the experience and select their spouses with greater success.

Which of the following is the correct order of stages of perspective-taking, according to Robert Selman?

When an aversive stimulus is applied or a desirable stimulus is removed in order to discourage the repetition of a specific behavior, ________ has taken place.

Young Matthew is growing up in a neighborhood where most of the families are similar to himself-white, Jewish, and middle class. His parents are happy that he has such exposure to others who share their religious and cultural backgrounds, but they are concerned that he will develop prejudice toward people who are different than himself. Which of the following tips would you give them to reduce this concern?

Which is the most effective way for parents to reduce the negative impact of divorce on a child?

Randy is a seven-year-old who exhibits a high degree of hostile aggression. What is he most likely to be like when he is in high school?

Which explanation best explains the reason for changes in prejudice during adolescence?

________ aggression occurs when a child uses aggressive actions to achieve an explicit goal.

DeJuan is riding the bus with his classmates, when he sees that Justin is playing with a cool toy. DeJuan moves to the seat next to Justin, pushes him roughly, and takes the toy away. It is not until a bus monitor hears Justin crying that the toy is returned and DeJuan is punished. What type of aggression has DeJuan demonstrated?

One factor that contributes to an increased likelihood that a child will be abused or neglected is ________, because a lack of money significantly increases the stress of daily life.

In which of Selman's stages of perspective taking would you expect to see a 15-year-old child who recognizes that others' perspectives are influenced by broad personal, social, and cultural contexts?

Gabe tends to be very aggressive with his siblings and peers, and he is doing poorly in school. According to your chapter, he probably receives ________ parenting in his home.

________ refers to a view of other people, usually a negative view, based on their membership in a specific group.

Two subgroups of ________ children include (a) those who are skilled academically and socially, and (b) those who are physically and/or socially aggressive.

During adolescence, as preference for your own group intensifies, the likelihood of prejudice