Question 1

The discovery of immense ridges and trenches stretching thousands of kilometers across the seafloor in the 1950's led to acceptance of the theory of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  magnetic poles​ 
B)  ​creationism 
C)  ​evolution 
D)  ​natural selection 
E)  ​plate tectonics 
A)  magnetic poles​ 
B)  ​creationism 
C)  ​evolution 
D)  ​natural selection 
E)  ​plate tectonics

Question 2

The super continent _____ included the landmasses that are currently found in the southern hemisphere.​

Accepted Answer

A)  Antarctica​ 
B)  ​Pangea 
C)  ​Eurasia 
D)  ​Caprica 
E)  ​Gondwana 
A)  Antarctica​ 
B)  ​Pangea 
C)  ​Eurasia 
D)  ​Caprica 
E)  ​Gondwana

Question 3

These statements ask about elements and isotopes that have been important in learning about Earth's history and the age of organisms. For each one, select the best choice from the five isotopes or elements below.
-wells up at oceanic ridges and drives the movement of tectonic plates
A)magma
B)faults
C)tectonic plate
D)volcanic island chains (archipelagos)
E)trench

Accepted Answer

The answer of These statements ask about elements and isotopes...

Question 4

Darwin was inspired by ____ ideas on the geologic history of Earth, which allowed him to better understand the geology of the regions he would visit on his journey aboard the Beagle.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Lyell's 
B)  ​Cuvier's 
C)  ​Aristotle's 
D)  ​Paley's 
E)  ​Lamarck's 
A)  ​Lyell's 
B)  ​Cuvier's 
C)  ​Aristotle's 
D)  ​Paley's 
E)  ​Lamarck's

Question 5

These statements ask about a perception or line of thought associated with various researchers throughout history. For each description, select the best choice from the following naturalists.
-​Lamarck
A)natural selection
B)gradual formation of Earth's features
C)great chain of being
D)catastrophism
E)evolution occurs by inherent drive for perfection
F)human will produce more offspring than the food supply can support

Accepted Answer

The answer of These statements ask about a perception or...

Question 6

Matching
These statements ask about the various theories that were presented in an attempt to explain the new information discovered during the 19th century. Match the theory with the description.
-change in the line of descent of a species
A)catastrophism
B)evolution
C)theory of uniformity
D)great chain of being

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
These statements ask about the various theories...

Question 7

Individuals with adaptive traits tend to survive longer and produce more offspring, leading to ___ of the species.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​extinction 
B)  ​descent 
C)  ​artificial selection 
D)  ​evolution 
E)  a decrease in fitness​ 
A)  ​extinction 
B)  ​descent 
C)  ​artificial selection 
D)  ​evolution 
E)  a decrease in fitness​

Question 8

The discovery of identical plant and animal fossils by Alfred Wegener in 1915 on either side of the Atlantic Ocean is evidence of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous structures​ 
B)  ​catastrophism 
C)  ​plate tectonics 
D)  ​comparative morphology 
E)  the great chain of being​ 
A)  analogous structures​ 
B)  ​catastrophism 
C)  ​plate tectonics 
D)  ​comparative morphology 
E)  the great chain of being​

Question 9

Fossilization most often occurs through the geologic process(es) of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​dehydration 
B)  ​dissolution 
C)  ​melting and lithification 
D)  ​dissolution and lithification 
E)  ​sedimentation and compaction 
A)  ​dehydration 
B)  ​dissolution 
C)  ​melting and lithification 
D)  ​dissolution and lithification 
E)  ​sedimentation and compaction

Question 10

Which observation led Darwin to propose that the glyptodont is related to the armadillo?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both species lived in the same region at the same time. 
B)  Both species went extinct at the same time. 
C)  Both species are adapted for marine life. 
D)  Both species have helmets, bony shells, and unusual bony plates. 
E)  Each species are found in different regions of the world. 
A)  Both species lived in the same region at the same time. 
B)  Both species went extinct at the same time. 
C)  Both species are adapted for marine life. 
D)  Both species have helmets, bony shells, and unusual bony plates. 
E)  Each species are found in different regions of the world.

Question 11

Of the following, which is the oldest event?​

Accepted Answer

A)  origin of fungi​ 
B)  appearance of land tetrapods​ 
C)  ​formation of Pangea 
D)  ​age of dinosaurs 
E)  ​appearance of whales 
A)  origin of fungi​ 
B)  appearance of land tetrapods​ 
C)  ​formation of Pangea 
D)  ​age of dinosaurs 
E)  ​appearance of whales

Question 12

Typically, where would the oldest fossils be found?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​superficial layer of the Earth 
B)  ​deep layer of the Earth 
C)  ​on the ocean floor 
D)  ​in lake beds 
E)  ​on mountaintops 
A)  ​superficial layer of the Earth 
B)  ​deep layer of the Earth 
C)  ​on the ocean floor 
D)  ​in lake beds 
E)  ​on mountaintops

Question 13

After the publication of On the Origin of Species, the idea of evolution was generally accepted. What part of Darwin's theory of evolution, however, was fiercely debated?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​natural selection 
B)  ​environmental change 
C)  gradual change​ 
D)  the old age of the Earth​ 
E)  ​limited resources 
A)  ​natural selection 
B)  ​environmental change 
C)  gradual change​ 
D)  the old age of the Earth​ 
E)  ​limited resources

Question 14

The method that indicates the age of a substance by measuring the relative content of a radioisotope and its daughter elements is called ____ dating.​

Accepted Answer

A)  fossil 
B)  ​radiometric 
C)  ​isotope 
D)  ​zircon 
E)  ​uranium 
A)  fossil 
B)  ​radiometric 
C)  ​isotope 
D)  ​zircon 
E)  ​uranium

Question 15

____ is the degree of adaptation to a specific environment.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Fecundity 
B)  Fertility​ 
C)  Fitness​ 
D)  Adaptation​ 
E)  Natural selection​ 
A)  ​Fecundity 
B)  Fertility​ 
C)  Fitness​ 
D)  Adaptation​ 
E)  Natural selection​

Question 16

To determine the dietary habits of dinosaurs, their _____ can be analyzed for the presence of undigested plant material or bones.​

Accepted Answer

A)  coprolites​ 
B)  ​eggs 
C)  ​fossilized body parts 
D)  footprints​ 
E)  ​soft body parts 
A)  coprolites​ 
B)  ​eggs 
C)  ​fossilized body parts 
D)  footprints​ 
E)  ​soft body parts

Question 17

Aristotle's ideas on the natural world greatly influenced ____, who believed that the "great chain of being" extended from ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Asian beliefs; lifeless forms to humans 
B)  Hindu systems of thought; plants to spiritual beings​ 
C)  ​tribal beliefs; lifeless forms to spiritual beings 
D)  later European thinkers; plants to spiritual beings​ 
E)  ​Thomas Malthus' treatise on population; lifeless forms to mammals 
A)  ​Asian beliefs; lifeless forms to humans 
B)  Hindu systems of thought; plants to spiritual beings​ 
C)  ​tribal beliefs; lifeless forms to spiritual beings 
D)  later European thinkers; plants to spiritual beings​ 
E)  ​Thomas Malthus' treatise on population; lifeless forms to mammals

Question 18

Lyell's ideas that gradual, everyday geologic processes had shaped Earth challenged the prevailing estimate of Earth's age at ____, because ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  6 billion years old; only catastrophic geologic events could sculpt Earth's surface​ 
B)  ​600 million years old; species needed millions of years to evolve 
C)  ​600,000 years old; nobody had observed the evolution of species 
D)  ​60,000 years old; geologic processes quickly change landscapes on Earth's surface 
E)  ​6,000 years old; such slow geologic processes would take millions of years to sculpt Earth's surface 
A)  6 billion years old; only catastrophic geologic events could sculpt Earth's surface​ 
B)  ​600 million years old; species needed millions of years to evolve 
C)  ​600,000 years old; nobody had observed the evolution of species 
D)  ​60,000 years old; geologic processes quickly change landscapes on Earth's surface 
E)  ​6,000 years old; such slow geologic processes would take millions of years to sculpt Earth's surface

Question 19

Hind leg bones in whales are an example of ____ structures.​

Accepted Answer

A)  vestigial​ 
B)  ​analogous 
C)  ​homologous 
D)  ​adaptive 
E)  ​fossilized 
A)  vestigial​ 
B)  ​analogous 
C)  ​homologous 
D)  ​adaptive 
E)  ​fossilized

Question 20

An example of morphological divergence is the wing of a bat and the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  hand of a human​ 
B)  ​foot of a human 
C)  ​femur of an elephant 
D)  ​femur of a human 
E)  ​leg of a chicken 
A)  hand of a human​ 
B)  ​foot of a human 
C)  ​femur of an elephant 
D)  ​femur of a human 
E)  ​leg of a chicken

Exam 12: Evidence of Evolution

The discovery of immense ridges and trenches stretching thousands of kilometers across the seafloor in the 1950's led to acceptance of the theory of ____.​

The super continent _____ included the landmasses that are currently found in the southern hemisphere.​

Darwin was inspired by ____ ideas on the geologic history of Earth, which allowed him to better understand the geology of the regions he would visit on his journey aboard the Beagle.​

Individuals with adaptive traits tend to survive longer and produce more offspring, leading to ___ of the species.​

The discovery of identical plant and animal fossils by Alfred Wegener in 1915 on either side of the Atlantic Ocean is evidence of ____.​

Fossilization most often occurs through the geologic process(es) of ____.​

Which observation led Darwin to propose that the glyptodont is related to the armadillo?

Of the following, which is the oldest event?​

Typically, where would the oldest fossils be found?​

After the publication of On the Origin of Species, the idea of evolution was generally accepted. What part of Darwin's theory of evolution, however, was fiercely debated?​

The method that indicates the age of a substance by measuring the relative content of a radioisotope and its daughter elements is called ____ dating.​

____ is the degree of adaptation to a specific environment.​

To determine the dietary habits of dinosaurs, their _____ can be analyzed for the presence of undigested plant material or bones.​

Aristotle's ideas on the natural world greatly influenced ____, who believed that the "great chain of being" extended from ____.​

Lyell's ideas that gradual, everyday geologic processes had shaped Earth challenged the prevailing estimate of Earth's age at ____, because ____.​

Hind leg bones in whales are an example of ____ structures.​

An example of morphological divergence is the wing of a bat and the ____.​

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

The discovery of immense ridges and trenches stretching thousands of kilometers across the seafloor in the 1950's led to acceptance of the theory of ____.

The super continent _____ included the landmasses that are currently found in the southern hemisphere.

Darwin was inspired by ____ ideas on the geologic history of Earth, which allowed him to better understand the geology of the regions he would visit on his journey aboard the Beagle.

Individuals with adaptive traits tend to survive longer and produce more offspring, leading to ___ of the species.

The discovery of identical plant and animal fossils by Alfred Wegener in 1915 on either side of the Atlantic Ocean is evidence of ____.

Fossilization most often occurs through the geologic process(es) of ____.

Of the following, which is the oldest event?

Typically, where would the oldest fossils be found?

After the publication of On the Origin of Species, the idea of evolution was generally accepted. What part of Darwin's theory of evolution, however, was fiercely debated?

The method that indicates the age of a substance by measuring the relative content of a radioisotope and its daughter elements is called ____ dating.

____ is the degree of adaptation to a specific environment.

To determine the dietary habits of dinosaurs, their _____ can be analyzed for the presence of undigested plant material or bones.

Aristotle's ideas on the natural world greatly influenced , who believed that the "great chain of being" extended from .

Lyell's ideas that gradual, everyday geologic processes had shaped Earth challenged the prevailing estimate of Earth's age at , because .

Hind leg bones in whales are an example of ____ structures.

An example of morphological divergence is the wing of a bat and the ____.