Question 1

Studies of mitochondrial DNA among maternally related individuals allow recent____ to be identified.​

Accepted Answer

A)  mutations​ 
B)  ​genomes 
C)  ​master genes 
D)  ​amino acid sequences 
E)  ​lineages 
A)  mutations​ 
B)  ​genomes 
C)  ​master genes 
D)  ​amino acid sequences 
E)  ​lineages

Question 2

Which genes guide the formation of specific body parts during embryonic development?​

Accepted Answer

A)  homeotic​ 
B)  ​homologous 
C)  ​recessive 
D)  ​dominant 
E)  ​homozygotic 
A)  homeotic​ 
B)  ​homologous 
C)  ​recessive 
D)  ​dominant 
E)  ​homozygotic

Question 3

These statements ask about a perception or line of thought associated with various researchers throughout history. For each description, select the best choice from the following naturalists.
-​Cuvier
A)natural selection
B)gradual formation of Earth's features
C)great chain of being
D)catastrophism
E)evolution occurs by inherent drive for perfection
F)human will produce more offspring than the food supply can support

Accepted Answer

The answer of These statements ask about a perception or...

Question 4

Darwin incorporated Malthus' idea that _____ into his theory of evolution.

Accepted Answer

A)  humans have the capacity to produce more offspring than the environment can support 
B)  populations will always produce more individuals than the environment can support 
C)  humans will only produce the number of individuals that the environment can support 
D)  populations will never produce offspring in stressful environments 
E)  populations under environmental stress will become extinct 
A)  humans have the capacity to produce more offspring than the environment can support 
B)  populations will always produce more individuals than the environment can support 
C)  humans will only produce the number of individuals that the environment can support 
D)  populations will never produce offspring in stressful environments 
E)  populations under environmental stress will become extinct

Question 5

Which types of fossils are we most likely to find?​

Accepted Answer

A)  fossils of animals that were victims of predators ​ 
B)  ​fossils of flowers that produce a single seed 
C)  ​jellyfish fossils 
D)  ​fossilized mushrooms spores 
E)  ​fossils of animals that lived on steep slopes 
A)  fossils of animals that were victims of predators ​ 
B)  ​fossils of flowers that produce a single seed 
C)  ​jellyfish fossils 
D)  ​fossilized mushrooms spores 
E)  ​fossils of animals that lived on steep slopes

Question 6

What is the correct order of landmass formation starting with the oldest and moving toward the most recent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pangea →→ Gondwana → Earth's crust 
B)  Earth's crust → Pangea → Gondwana 
C)  Earth's crust → Gondwana → Pangea 
D)  Gondwana → Earth's crust → Pangea 
E)  Pangea → Earth's crust → Gondwana 
A)  Pangea →→ Gondwana → Earth's crust 
B)  Earth's crust → Pangea → Gondwana 
C)  Earth's crust → Gondwana → Pangea 
D)  Gondwana → Earth's crust → Pangea 
E)  Pangea → Earth's crust → Gondwana

Question 7

In geological terms, a sudden, violent application of extreme pressure can be detected by the presence of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​sand 
B)  ​zircon 
C)  ​lead 
D)  ​carbon 
E)  ​tektite 
A)  ​sand 
B)  ​zircon 
C)  ​lead 
D)  ​carbon 
E)  ​tektite

Question 8

Morphological divergence ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​is the change in body form from that of a common ancestor 
B)  ​is the change in body form to resemble that of an ancestor 
C)  ​implies no change in body form over time 
D)  ​does not occur in related species 
E)  ​only occurs in unrelated species 
A)  ​is the change in body form from that of a common ancestor 
B)  ​is the change in body form to resemble that of an ancestor 
C)  ​implies no change in body form over time 
D)  ​does not occur in related species 
E)  ​only occurs in unrelated species

Question 9

Biogeography is the study of the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  distribution of landmasses 
B)  patterns in the geographical distribution of species 
C)  patterns of species dispersal 
D)  patterns of population demographics 
E)  the biodiversity of plant and animal species 
A)  distribution of landmasses 
B)  patterns in the geographical distribution of species 
C)  patterns of species dispersal 
D)  patterns of population demographics 
E)  the biodiversity of plant and animal species

Question 10

These statements ask about elements and isotopes that have been important in learning about Earth's history and the age of organisms. For each one, select the best choice from the five isotopes or elements below.
-ruptures in Earth's crust where plates meet
A)magma
B)faults
C)tectonic plate
D)volcanic island chains (archipelagos)
E)trench

Accepted Answer

The answer of These statements ask about elements and isotopes...

Question 11

In his voyage around the world in the Beagle, what observation did Darwin make about animals?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Animals in similar climate zones were similar regardless of where they lived. 
B)  Animals isolated on islands were unlike those living on nearby mainlands.​ 
C)  ​Animals living closer together appeared more closely related to each other than to animals living further away. 
D)  ​Fossils of animals showed characteristics that were unlike any surviving species. 
E)  ​There appeared to be no genetic connections between any of the animals he observed. 
A)  ​Animals in similar climate zones were similar regardless of where they lived. 
B)  Animals isolated on islands were unlike those living on nearby mainlands.​ 
C)  ​Animals living closer together appeared more closely related to each other than to animals living further away. 
D)  ​Fossils of animals showed characteristics that were unlike any surviving species. 
E)  ​There appeared to be no genetic connections between any of the animals he observed.

Question 12

The Kaibab limestone layer of sedimentary rock is the closest to Earth's surface; therefore, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  it contains fossils of extinct species only 
B)  it contains the greatest density of fossils 
C)  it is part of the K-Pg boundary sequence 
D)  it is the oldest layer 
E)  it is the youngest layer 
A)  it contains fossils of extinct species only 
B)  it contains the greatest density of fossils 
C)  it is part of the K-Pg boundary sequence 
D)  it is the oldest layer 
E)  it is the youngest layer

Question 13

The accumulating data from biogeography, comparative morphology, and fossil discoveries led early naturalists to propose that species ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  helped sculpt Earth's surface by foraging activities 
B)  are all evolutionarily related 
C)  had changed over time 
D)  never went extinct 
E)  were created in a perfect state 
A)  helped sculpt Earth's surface by foraging activities 
B)  are all evolutionarily related 
C)  had changed over time 
D)  never went extinct 
E)  were created in a perfect state

Question 14

The similar body shape and color of dolphins and sharks is an example of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  variations in master genes​ 
B)  ​homologous structures 
C)  ​anatomical homology 
D)  convergent evolution​ 
E)  ​divergent evolution 
A)  variations in master genes​ 
B)  ​homologous structures 
C)  ​anatomical homology 
D)  convergent evolution​ 
E)  ​divergent evolution

Question 15

Fossils older than ____ cannot be dated by their 14C content because ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​60,000 years; most of the 14C has decayed by this time 
B)  ​12,000 years; half of the 14C has decayed by this time 
C)  ​6,000 years; older fossils do not contain carbon 
D)  ​2,000 years; most of the 14C has decayed by this time 
E)  ​500 years; half of the 14C has decayed by this time 
A)  ​60,000 years; most of the 14C has decayed by this time 
B)  ​12,000 years; half of the 14C has decayed by this time 
C)  ​6,000 years; older fossils do not contain carbon 
D)  ​2,000 years; most of the 14C has decayed by this time 
E)  ​500 years; half of the 14C has decayed by this time

Question 16

​According to ____, environmental pressures caused changes in body parts, which were directed by ____ and passed onto offspring.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lyell; genetics​ 
B)  ​Lamarck; fluida 
C)  ​Darwin; genetics 
D)  ​Cuvier; lineages 
E)  ​Aristotle; fluida 
A)  Lyell; genetics​ 
B)  ​Lamarck; fluida 
C)  ​Darwin; genetics 
D)  ​Cuvier; lineages 
E)  ​Aristotle; fluida

Question 17

The accepted explanation for the disappearance of the dinosaurs is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  the result of an asteroid impact​ 
B)  ​the loss of food sources 
C)  ​competition by mammals 
D)  ​gas emissions from volcanoes 
E)  ​giant tsunamis caused by earthquakes 
A)  the result of an asteroid impact​ 
B)  ​the loss of food sources 
C)  ​competition by mammals 
D)  ​gas emissions from volcanoes 
E)  ​giant tsunamis caused by earthquakes

Question 18

____ is the study of body plans and structures.​

Accepted Answer

A)  Evolution​ 
B)  ​Biogeography 
C)  ​Comparative morphology 
D)  ​Comparative physiology 
E)  ​Natural history 
A)  Evolution​ 
B)  ​Biogeography 
C)  ​Comparative morphology 
D)  ​Comparative physiology 
E)  ​Natural history

Question 19

The genomes of closely related species are more similar than distantly related species because _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the less time since the species diverged, the more lethal DNA mutations will accumulate 
B)  the more time since the species diverged, the more neutral DNA mutations will accumulate​ 
C)  ​the less time since the species diverged, the more neutral DNA mutations will accumulate 
D)  ​the more time since the species converged, the fewer adaptive DNA mutations will accumulate 
E)  ​all organisms will accumulate lethal DNA mutations at the same rate 
A)  ​the less time since the species diverged, the more lethal DNA mutations will accumulate 
B)  the more time since the species diverged, the more neutral DNA mutations will accumulate​ 
C)  ​the less time since the species diverged, the more neutral DNA mutations will accumulate 
D)  ​the more time since the species converged, the fewer adaptive DNA mutations will accumulate 
E)  ​all organisms will accumulate lethal DNA mutations at the same rate

Question 20

Matching
These statements ask about the various theories that were presented in an attempt to explain the new information discovered during the 19th century. Match the theory with the description.
-Gradual geological changes have shaped the Earth.
A)catastrophism
B)evolution
C)theory of uniformity
D)great chain of being

Accepted Answer

The answer of Matching
These statements ask about the various theories...

Exam 12: Evidence of Evolution

Studies of mitochondrial DNA among maternally related individuals allow recent____ to be identified.​

Which genes guide the formation of specific body parts during embryonic development?​

Darwin incorporated Malthus' idea that _____ into his theory of evolution.

Which types of fossils are we most likely to find?​

What is the correct order of landmass formation starting with the oldest and moving toward the most recent?

In geological terms, a sudden, violent application of extreme pressure can be detected by the presence of ____.​

Morphological divergence ____.​

Biogeography is the study of the ____.

In his voyage around the world in the Beagle, what observation did Darwin make about animals?​

The Kaibab limestone layer of sedimentary rock is the closest to Earth's surface; therefore, ____.

The accumulating data from biogeography, comparative morphology, and fossil discoveries led early naturalists to propose that species ____.

The similar body shape and color of dolphins and sharks is an example of ____.​

Fossils older than ____ cannot be dated by their 14C content because ____.​

​According to ____, environmental pressures caused changes in body parts, which were directed by ____ and passed onto offspring.

The accepted explanation for the disappearance of the dinosaurs is _____.​

____ is the study of body plans and structures.​

The genomes of closely related species are more similar than distantly related species because _____.​

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

Studies of mitochondrial DNA among maternally related individuals allow recent____ to be identified.

Which genes guide the formation of specific body parts during embryonic development?

Which types of fossils are we most likely to find?

In geological terms, a sudden, violent application of extreme pressure can be detected by the presence of ____.

Morphological divergence ____.

In his voyage around the world in the Beagle, what observation did Darwin make about animals?

The similar body shape and color of dolphins and sharks is an example of ____.

Fossils older than cannot be dated by their ¹⁴C content because .

According to , environmental pressures caused changes in body parts, which were directed by and passed onto offspring.

The accepted explanation for the disappearance of the dinosaurs is _____.

____ is the study of body plans and structures.

The genomes of closely related species are more similar than distantly related species because _____.