Question 1

The white matter differs from gray matter in that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  white matter is found in the brain and gray matter is found in the spinal cord 
B)  white matter consists of bundles of myelin-sheathed axons and gray matter consists of cell bodies, dendrites, and neuroglial cells 
C)  white matter transmits sensory information and gray matter transmits motor information; white matter consists of bundles of myelin-sheathed axons and gray matter consists of cell bodies, dendrites, and neuroglial cells 
D)  white matter is associated with the sympathetic nervous system and gray matter is associated with the parasympathetic nervous system 
E)  white matter contains mostly interneuronal cell bodies and grey matter does not 
A)  white matter is found in the brain and gray matter is found in the spinal cord 
B)  white matter consists of bundles of myelin-sheathed axons and gray matter consists of cell bodies, dendrites, and neuroglial cells 
C)  white matter transmits sensory information and gray matter transmits motor information; white matter consists of bundles of myelin-sheathed axons and gray matter consists of cell bodies, dendrites, and neuroglial cells 
D)  white matter is associated with the sympathetic nervous system and gray matter is associated with the parasympathetic nervous system 
E)  white matter contains mostly interneuronal cell bodies and grey matter does not B

Question 2

The peripheral nervous system ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​carries signals to and from the central nervous system 
B)  is composed of the brain and spinal cord​ 
C)  ​is composed of clusters of neuron cell bodies 
D)  ​includes sensory neurons only 
E)  ​is present in radial invertebrates 
A)  ​carries signals to and from the central nervous system 
B)  is composed of the brain and spinal cord​ 
C)  ​is composed of clusters of neuron cell bodies 
D)  ​includes sensory neurons only 
E)  ​is present in radial invertebrates A

Question 3

Match the neurotransmitter with its description.
-a shortage of this neurotransmitter causes Parkinson's disease
A)adenosine
B)GABA
C)dopamine
D)acetylcholine
E)endorphins
F)THC

Accepted Answer

c

Question 4

A neuron ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  communicates with other cells via electrical signaling only​ 
B)  ​communicates with other cells via chemical signaling only 
C)  ​communicates with other cells via a combination of electrical and chemical signaling 
D)  ​is not involved in direct communication with other cells 
E)  ​communicates via glial cells 
A)  communicates with other cells via electrical signaling only​ 
B)  ​communicates with other cells via chemical signaling only 
C)  ​communicates with other cells via a combination of electrical and chemical signaling 
D)  ​is not involved in direct communication with other cells 
E)  ​communicates via glial cells

Question 5

Match the structure with the correct description.
-neuron that controls muscles and glands
A)nerve
B)axon
C)dendrite
D)chemical synapse
E)trigger zone
F)motor neuron
G)sensory neuron
H)interneuron
I)neurotransmitter
J)meninges

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the structure with the correct description.
-neuron...

Question 6

Match the neurotransmitter with its description.
-caffeine binds to and prevents the function of this neurotransmitter
A)adenosine
B)GABA
C)dopamine
D)acetylcholine
E)endorphins
F)THC

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the neurotransmitter with its description.
-caffeine binds...

Question 7

Match the structure with the correct description.
-cytoplasmic extension of a neuron, which transmits an action potential
A)nerve
B)axon
C)dendrite
D)chemical synapse
E)trigger zone
F)motor neuron
G)sensory neuron
H)interneuron
I)neurotransmitter
J)meninges

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the structure with the correct description.
-cytoplasmic...

Question 8

Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are both neurological diseases that result from ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of acetylcholine production​ 
B)  ​abnormal levels of specific neurotransmitters 
C)  ​failure to remove neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft 
D)  ​too much dopamine production 
E)  ​a failed reuptake of specific neurotransmitters 
A)  lack of acetylcholine production​ 
B)  ​abnormal levels of specific neurotransmitters 
C)  ​failure to remove neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft 
D)  ​too much dopamine production 
E)  ​a failed reuptake of specific neurotransmitters

Question 9

____detect changes in pressure and convert this stimulus energy into ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Thermoreceptors; action potentials 
B)  ​Mechanoreceptors; action potentials 
C)  ​Chemoreceptors; resting potentials 
D)  ​Photoreceptors; resting potentials 
E)  ​Osmoreceptors; threshold potentials 
A)  ​Thermoreceptors; action potentials 
B)  ​Mechanoreceptors; action potentials 
C)  ​Chemoreceptors; resting potentials 
D)  ​Photoreceptors; resting potentials 
E)  ​Osmoreceptors; threshold potentials

Question 10

Sensory neurons responsible for somatic sensations are located in the____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​skin 
B)  ​spinal cord 
C)  ​brain 
D)  ​vagus nerve 
E)  ​cranial nerves 
A)  ​skin 
B)  ​spinal cord 
C)  ​brain 
D)  ​vagus nerve 
E)  ​cranial nerves

Question 11

Where in the brain is the corpus callosum?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata 
B)  ​below the cerebellum 
C)  ​between the two hemispheres of the cerebrum 
D)  ​between the pons and the midbrain 
E)  ​between the thalamus and the hypothalamus 
A)  ​between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata 
B)  ​below the cerebellum 
C)  ​between the two hemispheres of the cerebrum 
D)  ​between the pons and the midbrain 
E)  ​between the thalamus and the hypothalamus

Question 12

Neurotransmitters transmit action potentials across a(n) ____ in the form of a(n) ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​axon terminals; chemical signal 
B)  dendrites; chemical signal​ 
C)  ​neuronal cell bodies; electrical signal 
D)  ​the cytoplasm of axons; potential energy source 
E)  ​dendritic vesicles; trigger potential 
A)  ​axon terminals; chemical signal 
B)  dendrites; chemical signal​ 
C)  ​neuronal cell bodies; electrical signal 
D)  ​the cytoplasm of axons; potential energy source 
E)  ​dendritic vesicles; trigger potential

Question 13

Alzheimer's disease involves damage to brain neurons that release ____, while Parkinson's disease is caused by a shortage of the neurotransmitter ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​acetylcholine; dopamine 
B)  ​dopamine; acetylcholine. 
C)  ​norepinephrine; serotonin 
D)  ​serotonin; norepinephrine 
E)  ​dopamine; acetylcholine 
A)  ​acetylcholine; dopamine 
B)  ​dopamine; acetylcholine. 
C)  ​norepinephrine; serotonin 
D)  ​serotonin; norepinephrine 
E)  ​dopamine; acetylcholine

Question 14

Action potentials ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  move backward 
B)  are examples of negative feedback 
C)  are generated and completed in a matter of milliseconds 
D)  are only generated regardless of whether or not the threshold potential is reached 
E)  are all the same size 
A)  move backward 
B)  are examples of negative feedback 
C)  are generated and completed in a matter of milliseconds 
D)  are only generated regardless of whether or not the threshold potential is reached 
E)  are all the same size

Question 15

Focusing on an object requires the interaction of the ____ and the ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​ciliary muscles; lens 
B)  ​ciliary muscles; cornea 
C)  ​ciliary muscles; iris 
D)  ​iris; pupil 
E)  ​cornea; pupil 
A)  ​ciliary muscles; lens 
B)  ​ciliary muscles; cornea 
C)  ​ciliary muscles; iris 
D)  ​iris; pupil 
E)  ​cornea; pupil

Question 16

A concussion is caused by ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the accumulation of tau proteins in the brain 
B)  ​chronic traumatic encephalopathy due to multiple head injuries 
C)  ​mechanical stress resulting from an impact to the head 
D)  ​sensory overstimulation resulting from an impact to the head 
E)  ​damage to nerve nets caused by exposure to explosions in combat zones 
A)  ​the accumulation of tau proteins in the brain 
B)  ​chronic traumatic encephalopathy due to multiple head injuries 
C)  ​mechanical stress resulting from an impact to the head 
D)  ​sensory overstimulation resulting from an impact to the head 
E)  ​damage to nerve nets caused by exposure to explosions in combat zones

Question 17

Match the neurotransmitter with its description.
-nicotine blocks receptors for this neurotransmitter
A)adenosine
B)GABA
C)dopamine
D)acetylcholine
E)endorphins
F)THC

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the neurotransmitter with its description.
-nicotine blocks...

Question 18

The temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  governs speech production 
B)  is the vision center 
C)  is associated with memory storage 
D)  is responsible for hearing and smell 
E)  is the primary motor area 
A)  governs speech production 
B)  is the vision center 
C)  is associated with memory storage 
D)  is responsible for hearing and smell 
E)  is the primary motor area

Question 19

Potassium ion channels open ____, resulting in ____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  as the action potential passes down the axon; a more negatively charged axon cytoplasm​ 
B)  ​when the threshold potential is reached; the opening of more sodium channels 
C)  ​during the resting potential; the diffusion of sodium ions into the axon cytoplasm 
D)  ​when the action potential reaches the axon terminal; a more positively charged axon cytoplasm 
E)  ​when neurotransmitters attach to dendrite receptors; no difference in the charge of the axon cytoplasm 
A)  as the action potential passes down the axon; a more negatively charged axon cytoplasm​ 
B)  ​when the threshold potential is reached; the opening of more sodium channels 
C)  ​during the resting potential; the diffusion of sodium ions into the axon cytoplasm 
D)  ​when the action potential reaches the axon terminal; a more positively charged axon cytoplasm 
E)  ​when neurotransmitters attach to dendrite receptors; no difference in the charge of the axon cytoplasm

Question 20

-The ____ of the eye is a tissue that is densely packed with photoreceptors. In the above diagram of the eye, which letter identifies it?​

Accepted Answer

A)  lens; A​ 
B)  ​vitreous body; C 
C)  ​retina; C 
D)  ​sclera; A 
E)  ​cornea; D 
A)  lens; A​ 
B)  ​vitreous body; C 
C)  ​retina; C 
D)  ​sclera; A 
E)  ​cornea; D

Exam 25: Neural Control and the Senses

The white matter differs from gray matter in that ____.

The peripheral nervous system ____.​

Match the neurotransmitter with its description. -a shortage of this neurotransmitter causes Parkinson's disease A)adenosine B)GABA C)dopamine D)acetylcholine E)endorphins F)THC

A neuron ____.​

Match the structure with the correct description. -neuron that controls muscles and glands A)nerve B)axon C)dendrite D)chemical synapse E)trigger zone F)motor neuron G)sensory neuron H)interneuron I)neurotransmitter J)meninges

Match the neurotransmitter with its description. -caffeine binds to and prevents the function of this neurotransmitter A)adenosine B)GABA C)dopamine D)acetylcholine E)endorphins F)THC

Match the structure with the correct description. -cytoplasmic extension of a neuron, which transmits an action potential A)nerve B)axon C)dendrite D)chemical synapse E)trigger zone F)motor neuron G)sensory neuron H)interneuron I)neurotransmitter J)meninges

Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are both neurological diseases that result from ____.​

____detect changes in pressure and convert this stimulus energy into ____.​

Sensory neurons responsible for somatic sensations are located in the____.​

Where in the brain is the corpus callosum?​

Neurotransmitters transmit action potentials across a(n) ____ in the form of a(n) ____.​

Alzheimer's disease involves damage to brain neurons that release ____, while Parkinson's disease is caused by a shortage of the neurotransmitter ____.​

Action potentials ____.

Focusing on an object requires the interaction of the ____ and the ____.​

A concussion is caused by ____.​

Match the neurotransmitter with its description. -nicotine blocks receptors for this neurotransmitter A)adenosine B)GABA C)dopamine D)acetylcholine E)endorphins F)THC

The temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex ____.

Potassium ion channels open ____, resulting in ____.​

-The ____ of the eye is a tissue that is densely packed with photoreceptors. In the above diagram of the eye, which letter identifies it?​

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

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Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

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How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

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Animal Reproduction and Development

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Filters

The peripheral nervous system ____.

A neuron ____.

Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are both neurological diseases that result from ____.

detect changes in pressure and convert this stimulus energy into .

Sensory neurons responsible for somatic sensations are located in the____.

Where in the brain is the corpus callosum?

Neurotransmitters transmit action potentials across a(n) in the form of a(n) .

Alzheimer's disease involves damage to brain neurons that release , while Parkinson's disease is caused by a shortage of the neurotransmitter .

Focusing on an object requires the interaction of the and the .

A concussion is caused by ____.

Potassium ion channels open , resulting in .

-The ____ of the eye is a tissue that is densely packed with photoreceptors. In the above diagram of the eye, which letter identifies it?