Question 1

Compare the anaerobic phase of cellular respiration to the aerobic phase. Which one occurs in the cytoplasm?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aerobic phase 
B)  Anaerobic phase 
A)  Aerobic phase 
B)  Anaerobic phase

Question 2

What substance becomes more abundant as a result of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Citric acid 
D)  Glycogen 
E)  ATP 
A)  Oxygen 
B)  Glucose 
C)  Citric acid 
D)  Glycogen 
E)  ATP

Question 3

The type of energy used by most metabolic processes is chemical energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

What are coenzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Small organic molecules required by some enzymes to become active 
B)  Small molecules that bind to the active sites of enzymes and undergo chemical changes 
C)  Ions that act to regulate the pace of reactions in a metabolic pathway 
D)  Molecules that stimulate the production of enzymes needed by a cell 
A)  Small organic molecules required by some enzymes to become active 
B)  Small molecules that bind to the active sites of enzymes and undergo chemical changes 
C)  Ions that act to regulate the pace of reactions in a metabolic pathway 
D)  Molecules that stimulate the production of enzymes needed by a cell

Question 5

The four nitrogenous bases occurring in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Compare translation and transcription. Which process relies on codons to accurately complete the process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Translation 
B)  Transcription 
A)  Translation 
B)  Transcription

Question 7

What is the substrate for the enzyme called protease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hydrogen peroxide 
B)  Proteins 
C)  Protons 
D)  Sugars, such as glucose 
E)  Cholesterol 
A)  Hydrogen peroxide 
B)  Proteins 
C)  Protons 
D)  Sugars, such as glucose 
E)  Cholesterol

Question 8

What are the steps for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Substrate + enzyme→ enzyme-substrate complex→ product + enzyme 
B)  Enzyme→ substrate + product→ enzyme-substrate complex + enzyme 
C)  Product + enzyme-substrate complex→ enzyme→ substrate + enzyme 
D)  Enzyme-substrate complex→ enzyme + substrate→ product + enzyme 
E)  Enzyme + product→ enzyme-product complex→ substrate + enzyme 
A)  Substrate + enzyme→ enzyme-substrate complex→ product + enzyme 
B)  Enzyme→ substrate + product→ enzyme-substrate complex + enzyme 
C)  Product + enzyme-substrate complex→ enzyme→ substrate + enzyme 
D)  Enzyme-substrate complex→ enzyme + substrate→ product + enzyme 
E)  Enzyme + product→ enzyme-product complex→ substrate + enzyme

Question 9

A cofactor is a nonprotein component with which some enzymes must combine in order to be active.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Compare translation and transcription. Which process relies on ribosomes to complete the process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Translation 
B)  Transcription 
A)  Translation 
B)  Transcription

Question 11

When is it necessary for DNA replication to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  When a cell divides 
B)  When protein synthesis occurs 
C)  Immediately prior to formation of messenger RNA 
D)  When a gene is activated 
E)  When a cell dies 
A)  When a cell divides 
B)  When protein synthesis occurs 
C)  Immediately prior to formation of messenger RNA 
D)  When a gene is activated 
E)  When a cell dies

Question 12

Where in the cell does the anaerobic phase of cellular respiration occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the cytosol 
B)  In the mitochondria 
C)  In the nucleus 
D)  In the Golgi apparatus 
E)  In specialized vesicles 
A)  In the cytosol 
B)  In the mitochondria 
C)  In the nucleus 
D)  In the Golgi apparatus 
E)  In specialized vesicles

Question 13

The oxidation of glucose, as occurs with cellular respiration, results in its complete breakdown.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An ATP molecule includes three phosphate groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Each amino acid is represented in a DNA molecule by a particular sequence of __________ nucleotides.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  6 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  6

Question 16

What is the fate of the energy released during the reactions of cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% used to produce ATP; 90% lost as heat 
B)  40% used to produce ATP; 60% lost as heat 
C)  60% used to produce ATP; 40% lost as heat 
D)  90% used to produce ATP; 10% lost as heat 
A)  10% used to produce ATP; 90% lost as heat 
B)  40% used to produce ATP; 60% lost as heat 
C)  60% used to produce ATP; 40% lost as heat 
D)  90% used to produce ATP; 10% lost as heat

Compare the anaerobic phase of cellular respiration to the aerobic phase. Which one occurs in the cytoplasm?

What substance becomes more abundant as a result of cellular respiration?

The type of energy used by most metabolic processes is chemical energy.

What are coenzymes?

The four nitrogenous bases occurring in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil.

Compare translation and transcription. Which process relies on codons to accurately complete the process?

What is the substrate for the enzyme called protease?

What are the steps for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

A cofactor is a nonprotein component with which some enzymes must combine in order to be active.

Compare translation and transcription. Which process relies on ribosomes to complete the process?

When is it necessary for DNA replication to occur?

Where in the cell does the anaerobic phase of cellular respiration occur?

The oxidation of glucose, as occurs with cellular respiration, results in its complete breakdown.

An ATP molecule includes three phosphate groups.

Each amino acid is represented in a DNA molecule by a particular sequence of __________ nucleotides.

What is the fate of the energy released during the reactions of cellular respiration?

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Exam 4: Cellular Metabolism

Compare the anaerobic phase of cellular respiration to the aerobic phase. Which one occurs in the cytoplasm?

What substance becomes more abundant as a result of cellular respiration?

The type of energy used by most metabolic processes is chemical energy.

What are coenzymes?

The four nitrogenous bases occurring in DNA are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil.

Compare translation and transcription. Which process relies on codons to accurately complete the process?

What is the substrate for the enzyme called protease?

What are the steps for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

A cofactor is a nonprotein component with which some enzymes must combine in order to be active.

Compare translation and transcription. Which process relies on ribosomes to complete the process?

When is it necessary for DNA replication to occur?

Where in the cell does the anaerobic phase of cellular respiration occur?

The oxidation of glucose, as occurs with cellular respiration, results in its complete breakdown.

An ATP molecule includes three phosphate groups.

Each amino acid is represented in a DNA molecule by a particular sequence of __________ nucleotides.

What is the fate of the energy released during the reactions of cellular respiration?

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Muscular System

Pregnancy, Growth, Development, and Genetics

Nervous System

The Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestion and Nutrition

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Filters