Exam 7: Metabolism: From Food to Life

What would be the effects of an iron deficiency on the enzymes that require iron for their activation?

Which of the following cells must rely on anaerobic metabolism for ATP production?

In addition to the small intestine, alcohol is absorbed directly from the:

Carnitine has been sold as a "fat burning" supplement. Most studies find that carnitine supplementation is not effective in those with adequate levels; however, explain why someone might argue that carnitine can help "burn fat."

The production of energy from carbohydrates through oxidation-reduction reactions ultimately yields:

The primary high energy molecule in human metabolism is:

The oxidation of alcohol occurs primarily in the:

Explain why triglycerides are the most useful form of stored energy.

Juan ate a healthy, well-balanced meal four hours ago and is resting comfortably on the couch. Which metabolic pathway is providing most of his ATP?

Cynthia just finished eating a balanced meal and is now watching the television. Which of the following is providing the majority of her cells' energy needs?

A molecule that gives up electrons is:

Omar is a marathon runner. He tells you that he has heard that fat is the primary energy source used for endurance events and that he is going to switch to a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet to improve his performance. Do you agree with him? Why or why not?

Which food should be avoided in galactosemia?

Shelley needs to be home in two hours. She has had three drinks in the past hour and would like to speed up the metabolism of alcohol so she can drive home. What advice would you provide her?

In the absence of oxygen, glucose is catabolized to:

A doctor sees a patient who is asking for a prescription for pain killers. The patient explains that they used to cope with the pain by drinking three beers each evening but that they don't notice the same euphoric feeling anymore. The doctor can smell alcohol on the patient's breath and suspects that the patient often abuses alcohol. The doctor refuses to give the patient a prescription for pain killers. What can the doctor say to explain why the patient does not feel an effect after consuming 3 beers any longer. Is the doctor's decision to refuse pain killers correct? Explain why or why not. Include information on how alcohol is metabolized in your response.

You have eaten a large meal that provided an excessive amount of carbohydrates, ketogenic amino acids, and alcohol. What process will your body use to convert these nutrients to a form of energy that can be easily stored?

Which cellular organelle is the primary site of ATP production?

The tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA)is a continuous circle of how many metabolic reactions?

When creating a protein, amino acids are linked by a peptide bond and a molecule of water is released. What type of a reaction is this? Would this reaction require energy or release energy? Explain why.