Question 1

What CR angle should be used for a lateral sacrum/coccyx projection?

Accepted Answer

A)  15° cephalad 
B)  30° cephalad 
C)  None. CR is perpendicular to the image receptor. 
D)  10° cephalad 
A)  15° cephalad 
B)  30° cephalad 
C)  None. CR is perpendicular to the image receptor. 
D)  10° cephalad

Question 2

What is the term for the superior aspect of the coccyx?

Accepted Answer

A)  Base 
B)  Apex 
C)  Superior margin 
D)  Sacrococcygeal junction 
A)  Base 
B)  Apex 
C)  Superior margin 
D)  Sacrococcygeal junction

Question 3

Which labeled structure is the spinous process?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 4

Which aspect of the Scottie dog is the pedicle?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D

Question 5

Which labeled structure is the inferior articular process?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 6

Where is the CR centered for an AP axial projection of the sacrum?

Accepted Answer

A)  At the level of the ASIS 
B)  At the level of the symphysis pubis 
C)  1 to 1 1/2 inches (3 to 4 cm) below the iliac crest 
D)  2 inches (5 cm) above the symphysis pubis 
A)  At the level of the ASIS 
B)  At the level of the symphysis pubis 
C)  1 to 1 1/2 inches (3 to 4 cm) below the iliac crest 
D)  2 inches (5 cm) above the symphysis pubis

Question 7

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is a congenital condition termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  spina bifida. 
B)  spondylolisthesis. 
C)  lordosis. 
D)  scoliosis. 
A)  spina bifida. 
B)  spondylolisthesis. 
C)  lordosis. 
D)  scoliosis.

Question 8

What type of joint movement occurs with the zygapophyseal joints?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ginglymus 
B)  Plane 
C)  Ellipsoidal 
D)  Trochoidal 
A)  Ginglymus 
B)  Plane 
C)  Ellipsoidal 
D)  Trochoidal

Question 9

Which of the following topographic landmarks corresponds with the L4-5 vertebral level?

Accepted Answer

A)  Xiphoid process 
B)  Lower costal margin 
C)  Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) 
D)  Iliac crest 
A)  Xiphoid process 
B)  Lower costal margin 
C)  Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) 
D)  Iliac crest

Question 10

The anterior oblique (RAO and LAO)positions of the lumbar spine will demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints closest to the image receptor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A patient comes in with a possible compression fracture of L3.Which one of the following positioning routines would best demonstrate the body of L3 and the intervertebral joint spaces above and below it?

Accepted Answer

A)  Collimated R and L posterior oblique and AP projections 
B)  Collimated PA and lateral projections 
C)  Erect AP and lateral projections 
D)  Collimated LPO and RPO positions 
A)  Collimated R and L posterior oblique and AP projections 
B)  Collimated PA and lateral projections 
C)  Erect AP and lateral projections 
D)  Collimated LPO and RPO positions

Question 12

A young female patient comes to radiology for a scoliosis study.The patient has had this series performed frequently.How much will the breast dose be decreased if a PA rather than an AP projection is taken?

Accepted Answer

A)  15% 
B)  90% 
C)  35% 
D)  It will not make a significant difference with good collimation. 
A)  15% 
B)  90% 
C)  35% 
D)  It will not make a significant difference with good collimation.

Question 13

Another term for the sacral horns is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  base of the sacrum. 
B)  promontory of the sacrum. 
C)  cornu of the sacrum. 
D)  median sacral crest. 
A)  base of the sacrum. 
B)  promontory of the sacrum. 
C)  cornu of the sacrum. 
D)  median sacral crest.

Question 14

What CR angulation should be used for an AP axial projection of the L5-S1 joint space on a male patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  20° cephalad 
B)  30° cephalad 
C)  35° caudad 
D)  40° to 45° cephalad 
A)  20° cephalad 
B)  30° cephalad 
C)  35° caudad 
D)  40° to 45° cephalad

Question 15

Which of the following should be done to reduce scatter radiation from reaching the image receptor for the lateral lumbar,sacrum,and coccyx projections?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use a lower kV. 
B)  Place a lead mat on the tabletop behind the patient. 
C)  Increase the source image receptor distance (SI
D)  to 44 inches (113 cm). 
D)  Use a smaller image receptor. 
A)  Use a lower kV. 
B)  Place a lead mat on the tabletop behind the patient. 
C)  Increase the source image receptor distance (SI
D)  to 44 inches (113 cm). 
D)  Use a smaller image receptor.

Question 16

A female patient is brought to the emergency department (ED)because of a MVA (motor vehicle accident).Her chief complaint is pain in the lower lumbar region.The ED physician orders a lumbar series.Upon questioning,the technologist learns that the patient is pregnant.The ED physician is made aware of the pregnancy but still wants the lumbar spine series performed.What can the technologist do to minimize dose to the fetus and mother?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use higher kV than normal, reduce mAs accordingly. 
B)  Use smallest IR possible. 
C)  Collimate as much as feasible. 
D)  All of the above should be done. 
A)  Use higher kV than normal, reduce mAs accordingly. 
B)  Use smallest IR possible. 
C)  Collimate as much as feasible. 
D)  All of the above should be done.

Question 17

Where is the central ray (CR)centered for an AP projection of the lumbar spine with a 14 *17-inch (35 *43-cm)IR?

Accepted Answer

A)  At the iliac crest 
B)  At the ASIS 
C)  1 to 1.5 inches (2.5 to 3 cm) above the iliac crest 
D)  At the lower costal margin 
A)  At the iliac crest 
B)  At the ASIS 
C)  1 to 1.5 inches (2.5 to 3 cm) above the iliac crest 
D)  At the lower costal margin

Question 18

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the lateral L5-S1 projection?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the waist is not supported, the CR must be angled 5° to 8° caudad. 
B)  A lead mat should be placed on the tabletop behind the patient, and there should be close collimation to improve image quality. 
C)  A 14 *17-inch (35 *43-cm) IR should be used. 
D)  The CR is centered 1.5 inches (3 to 4 cm) inferior to the iliac crest and 2 inches (5 cm) posterior to the ASIS. 
A)  If the waist is not supported, the CR must be angled 5° to 8° caudad. 
B)  A lead mat should be placed on the tabletop behind the patient, and there should be close collimation to improve image quality. 
C)  A 14 *17-inch (35 *43-cm) IR should be used. 
D)  The CR is centered 1.5 inches (3 to 4 cm) inferior to the iliac crest and 2 inches (5 cm) posterior to the ASIS.

Question 19

Which of the following fractures is due to a hyperflexion force injury?

Accepted Answer

A)  Compression fx 
B)  Burst fx 
C)  Chance fx 
D)  Metastatic fx 
A)  Compression fx 
B)  Burst fx 
C)  Chance fx 
D)  Metastatic fx

Question 20

What type of CR angulation is required for an AP axial projection of the coccyx?

Accepted Answer

A)  10° caudad 
B)  15° cephalad 
C)  10° cephalad 
D)  Perpendicular to the cassette 
A)  10° caudad 
B)  15° cephalad 
C)  10° cephalad 
D)  Perpendicular to the cassette

What CR angle should be used for a lateral sacrum/coccyx projection?

What is the term for the superior aspect of the coccyx?

Which labeled structure is the spinous process?

Which aspect of the Scottie dog is the pedicle?

Which labeled structure is the inferior articular process?

Where is the CR centered for an AP axial projection of the sacrum?

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is a congenital condition termed:

What type of joint movement occurs with the zygapophyseal joints?

Which of the following topographic landmarks corresponds with the L4-5 vertebral level?

The anterior oblique (RAO and LAO)positions of the lumbar spine will demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints closest to the image receptor.

A patient comes in with a possible compression fracture of L3.Which one of the following positioning routines would best demonstrate the body of L3 and the intervertebral joint spaces above and below it?

A young female patient comes to radiology for a scoliosis study.The patient has had this series performed frequently.How much will the breast dose be decreased if a PA rather than an AP projection is taken?

Another term for the sacral horns is the:

What CR angulation should be used for an AP axial projection of the L5-S1 joint space on a male patient?

Which of the following should be done to reduce scatter radiation from reaching the image receptor for the lateral lumbar,sacrum,and coccyx projections?

Where is the central ray (CR)centered for an AP projection of the lumbar spine with a 14 17-inch (35 43-cm)IR?

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the lateral L5-S1 projection?

Which of the following fractures is due to a hyperflexion force injury?

What type of CR angulation is required for an AP axial projection of the coccyx?

Terminology, Positioning, and Imaging Principles

Chest

Abdomen

Upper Limb

Humerus and Shoulder Girdle

Lower Limb

Femur and Pelvic Girdle

Cervical and Thoracic Spine

Bony Thorax-Sternum and Ribs

Cranium, Facial Bones, and Paranasal Sinuses

Biliary Tract and Upper Gastrointestinal System

Lower Gastrointestinal System

Urinary System and Venipuncture

Trauma, Mobile, and Surgical Radiography

Pediatric Radiography

Angiography and Interventional Procedures

Computed Tomography

Special Radiographic Procedures

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities

Filters

Exam 9: Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx

What CR angle should be used for a lateral sacrum/coccyx projection?

What is the term for the superior aspect of the coccyx?

Which labeled structure is the spinous process?

Which aspect of the Scottie dog is the pedicle?

Which labeled structure is the inferior articular process?

Where is the CR centered for an AP axial projection of the sacrum?

An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is a congenital condition termed:

What type of joint movement occurs with the zygapophyseal joints?

Which of the following topographic landmarks corresponds with the L4-5 vertebral level?

The anterior oblique (RAO and LAO)positions of the lumbar spine will demonstrate the zygapophyseal joints closest to the image receptor.

A patient comes in with a possible compression fracture of L3.Which one of the following positioning routines would best demonstrate the body of L3 and the intervertebral joint spaces above and below it?

A young female patient comes to radiology for a scoliosis study.The patient has had this series performed frequently.How much will the breast dose be decreased if a PA rather than an AP projection is taken?

Another term for the sacral horns is the:

What CR angulation should be used for an AP axial projection of the L5-S1 joint space on a male patient?

Which of the following should be done to reduce scatter radiation from reaching the image receptor for the lateral lumbar,sacrum,and coccyx projections?

Where is the central ray (CR)centered for an AP projection of the lumbar spine with a 14 *17-inch (35 *43-cm)IR?

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the lateral L5-S1 projection?

Which of the following fractures is due to a hyperflexion force injury?

What type of CR angulation is required for an AP axial projection of the coccyx?

Terminology, Positioning, and Imaging Principles

Chest

Abdomen

Upper Limb

Humerus and Shoulder Girdle

Lower Limb

Femur and Pelvic Girdle

Cervical and Thoracic Spine

Bony Thorax-Sternum and Ribs

Cranium, Facial Bones, and Paranasal Sinuses

Biliary Tract and Upper Gastrointestinal System

Lower Gastrointestinal System

Urinary System and Venipuncture

Trauma, Mobile, and Surgical Radiography

Pediatric Radiography

Angiography and Interventional Procedures

Computed Tomography

Special Radiographic Procedures

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities

Filters

Where is the central ray (CR)centered for an AP projection of the lumbar spine with a 14 17-inch (35 43-cm)IR?