Question 1

If an electrode is analogous to the Miller-Urey experiment, which of the following is analogous to primordial Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)  water vapour 
B)  a strongly reducing atmosphere 
C)  lightning 
D)  a primeval sea 
A)  water vapour 
B)  a strongly reducing atmosphere 
C)  lightning 
D)  a primeval sea

Question 2

Which statement characterizes mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Over 60% of the proteins required for mitochondrial or chloroplast function are encoded by genes that are found in the nucleus. 
B)  Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain genetic material. 
C)  Over 80% of the proteins required for mitochondrial or chloroplast function are encoded by genes that are found in the nucleus. 
D)  Neither mitochondria nor chloroplasts contain genetic material. 
A)  Over 60% of the proteins required for mitochondrial or chloroplast function are encoded by genes that are found in the nucleus. 
B)  Both mitochondria and chloroplasts contain genetic material. 
C)  Over 80% of the proteins required for mitochondrial or chloroplast function are encoded by genes that are found in the nucleus. 
D)  Neither mitochondria nor chloroplasts contain genetic material.

Question 3

Which of the following contribute to evolutionary change over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in RNA 
B)  changes in DNA 
C)  changes in proteins 
D)  changes in cells 
A)  changes in RNA 
B)  changes in DNA 
C)  changes in proteins 
D)  changes in cells

Question 4

From which of the following processes did the first oxygen molecules come from?

Accepted Answer

A)  aerobic respiration 
B)  anaerobic respiration 
C)  the oxidization of water 
D)  the reduction of water 
A)  aerobic respiration 
B)  anaerobic respiration 
C)  the oxidization of water 
D)  the reduction of water

Question 5

Compare contemporary cells and primitive cells with respect to oxidation-reduction reactions.

Accepted Answer

Oxidation-reduction reactions were proba

Question 6

Which of these statements does NOT describe prokaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are 10 times smaller than typical eukaryotic cells. 
B)  They vastly outnumber all other types of organisms. 
C)  They have much less internal membrane organization than eukaryotes. 
D)  They are less versatile biochemically than eukaryotes. 
A)  They are 10 times smaller than typical eukaryotic cells. 
B)  They vastly outnumber all other types of organisms. 
C)  They have much less internal membrane organization than eukaryotes. 
D)  They are less versatile biochemically than eukaryotes.

Question 7

Ribozymes are biological catalysts that are proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What are the major membrane components in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and chloroplasts 
B)  the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria 
C)  the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi complex 
D)  the nuclear envelope, mitochondria, and chloroplasts 
A)  the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and chloroplasts 
B)  the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria 
C)  the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi complex 
D)  the nuclear envelope, mitochondria, and chloroplasts

Question 9

Describe and explain the Miller-Urey experiment.

Accepted Answer

A warmed flask of water simulated the pr

Question 10

Which of these statements best describes the fossil record?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helps us to understand soft-bodied organisms from the past. 
B)  It has all been discovered by now. 
C)  It is an invaluable resource to understand the past. 
D)  It represents all organisms that once lived on Earth. 
A)  It helps us to understand soft-bodied organisms from the past. 
B)  It has all been discovered by now. 
C)  It is an invaluable resource to understand the past. 
D)  It represents all organisms that once lived on Earth.

Question 11

What are stromatolites?

Accepted Answer

Stromatolites are a type of la

Question 12

Which of the following is in the correct sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  the origin of self-replicating molecules 
B)  packaging of molecules into protobionts 
C)  the abiotic synthesis of polymers 
D)  the abiotic synthesis of small molecules 
A)  the origin of self-replicating molecules 
B)  packaging of molecules into protobionts 
C)  the abiotic synthesis of polymers 
D)  the abiotic synthesis of small molecules

Question 13

The Miller-Urey experiment was the first experiment to demonstrate the biotic formation of molecules critical to life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Why was ATP a primary molecule in connecting energy-releasing and energy-requiring reactions in early cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  because it was the only molecule available to transfer energy 
B)  because of its versatility and efficiency in transferring energy 
C)  because of its structure 
D)  because of its attraction to energy 
A)  because it was the only molecule available to transfer energy 
B)  because of its versatility and efficiency in transferring energy 
C)  because of its structure 
D)  because of its attraction to energy

Question 15

Today's atmosphere is an oxidizing atmosphere. The presence of oxygen allows complex molecules to be formed because oxygen is a strong oxidizing molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 21: Defining Life and Its Origins

If an electrode is analogous to the Miller-Urey experiment, which of the following is analogous to primordial Earth?

Which statement characterizes mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Which of the following contribute to evolutionary change over time?

From which of the following processes did the first oxygen molecules come from?

Compare contemporary cells and primitive cells with respect to oxidation-reduction reactions.

Which of these statements does NOT describe prokaryotic cells?

Ribozymes are biological catalysts that are proteins.

What are the major membrane components in a eukaryotic cell?

Describe and explain the Miller-Urey experiment.

Which of these statements best describes the fossil record?

What are stromatolites?

Which of the following is in the correct sequence?

The Miller-Urey experiment was the first experiment to demonstrate the biotic formation of molecules critical to life.

Why was ATP a primary molecule in connecting energy-releasing and energy-requiring reactions in early cells?

Today's atmosphere is an oxidizing atmosphere. The presence of oxygen allows complex molecules to be formed because oxygen is a strong oxidizing molecule.

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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