Question 1

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term.
-a reaction where ΔG is negative
A)endergonic
B)exergonic
C)equilibrium

Accepted Answer

The answer of For each situation, choose the most appropriate...

Question 2

Which statement best describes the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Matter can be created and destroyed. 
B)  Matter only changes forms. 
C)  Energy only changes forms. 
D)  Energy can be created and destroyed. 
A)  Matter can be created and destroyed. 
B)  Matter only changes forms. 
C)  Energy only changes forms. 
D)  Energy can be created and destroyed.

Question 3

Explain three ways in which other molecules regulate enzymes.

Accepted Answer

Enzymes can be inhibited by products of

Question 4

Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-phosphorylation
A)primary coupling agent in cellular reactions
B)addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule
C)product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity
D)linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion
E)series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-phosphorylation
A)primary...

Question 5

Suppose you decide to alter the rate of a reaction. Which of the following would you do to reverse the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  add more reactants 
B)  add more enzyme 
C)  mechanically stir the contents of a beaker of reactants 
D)  add more product 
A)  add more reactants 
B)  add more enzyme 
C)  mechanically stir the contents of a beaker of reactants 
D)  add more product

Question 6

Figure 3-3  
-Refer to Figure 3-3. Which sentence best describes the process of noncompetitive feedback inhibition?

Accepted Answer

A)  The inhibitor binds to the active site and directly blocks the active site of the enzyme. 
B)  The products of the reaction at the end of the pathway bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme at or near the beginning of the pathway, and block enzyme activity indirectly. 
C)  The products of the reaction at the end of the pathway block the active site of the enzyme, inhibiting it directly. 
D)  The substrate and cofactors compete for the active site of an enzyme and block enzyme activity directly. 
A)  The inhibitor binds to the active site and directly blocks the active site of the enzyme. 
B)  The products of the reaction at the end of the pathway bind to a site other than the active site of an enzyme at or near the beginning of the pathway, and block enzyme activity indirectly. 
C)  The products of the reaction at the end of the pathway block the active site of the enzyme, inhibiting it directly. 
D)  The substrate and cofactors compete for the active site of an enzyme and block enzyme activity directly.

Question 7

Which of the following describes the main mechanism of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  removing reactants from a solution in a set ratio that enhances the chances of the remaining individual reactants interacting with each other 
B)  forcing the reactants into an altered environment, which in turn creates a change in the free energy of the reactants relative to the products 
C)  increasing the probability that the reactants will come into close proximity to each other in the proper orientation for forming the transition state molecule 
D)  altering the equilibrium point of a particular reaction to favour the formation of products 
A)  removing reactants from a solution in a set ratio that enhances the chances of the remaining individual reactants interacting with each other 
B)  forcing the reactants into an altered environment, which in turn creates a change in the free energy of the reactants relative to the products 
C)  increasing the probability that the reactants will come into close proximity to each other in the proper orientation for forming the transition state molecule 
D)  altering the equilibrium point of a particular reaction to favour the formation of products

Question 8

Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-equilibrium point
A)primary coupling agent in cellular reactions
B)addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule
C)product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity
D)linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion
E)series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-equilibrium...

Question 9

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term.
-a toddler dumping boxes of toys
A)endergonic
B)exergonic
C)equilibrium

Accepted Answer

The answer of For each situation, choose the most appropriate...

Question 10

What is the difference between cofactors and coenzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cofactors tend to be complex molecules, but coenzymes are generally ions. 
B)  Cofactors are not necessary, but coenzymes are necessary. 
C)  Cofactors can be inorganic or organic, but coenzymes are always inorganic. 
D)  Cofactors can be inorganic or organic, but coenzymes are just another name for organic cofactors. 
A)  Cofactors tend to be complex molecules, but coenzymes are generally ions. 
B)  Cofactors are not necessary, but coenzymes are necessary. 
C)  Cofactors can be inorganic or organic, but coenzymes are always inorganic. 
D)  Cofactors can be inorganic or organic, but coenzymes are just another name for organic cofactors.

Question 11

Which of the following is a closed system?

Accepted Answer

A)  a single-celled organism 
B)  a human 
C)  a gas-powered automobile 
D)  Earth 
A)  a single-celled organism 
B)  a human 
C)  a gas-powered automobile 
D)  Earth

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  heat 
B)  work 
C)  light 
D)  sound 
A)  heat 
B)  work 
C)  light 
D)  sound

Question 13

Figure 3-5  
-Refer to the graph in Figure 3-5. Which phrase best describes what the graph represents?

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme activity as a function of pH in a fairly neutral environment 
B)  enzyme activity as a function of pH in a strongly acidic environment 
C)  enzyme activity as a function of temperature 
D)  enzyme activity as a function of pH in a strongly basic environment 
A)  enzyme activity as a function of pH in a fairly neutral environment 
B)  enzyme activity as a function of pH in a strongly acidic environment 
C)  enzyme activity as a function of temperature 
D)  enzyme activity as a function of pH in a strongly basic environment

Question 14

Enzyme activity is increased by falling temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following occurs when there are more reactants than products for a reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  The reaction is pushed toward the reactants by the low concentration of products. 
B)  The reaction is pulled toward generating more reactants. 
C)  The greater concentration of reactants pushes the reaction forward, toward generating more products. 
D)  The reaction is pulled in the forward direction by the high concentration of products. 
A)  The reaction is pushed toward the reactants by the low concentration of products. 
B)  The reaction is pulled toward generating more reactants. 
C)  The greater concentration of reactants pushes the reaction forward, toward generating more products. 
D)  The reaction is pulled in the forward direction by the high concentration of products.

Question 16

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term.
-a dead cell
A)endergonic
B)exergonic
C)equilibrium

Accepted Answer

The answer of For each situation, choose the most appropriate...

Question 17

Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-coupled reaction
A)primary coupling agent in cellular reactions
B)addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule
C)product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity
D)linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion
E)series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction
F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction
G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic
H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants
I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction
J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction
K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match each definition with the corresponding term.
-coupled...

Question 18

Which sentence best describes the situation that occurs when an enzyme and its substrate interact?

Accepted Answer

A)  Just after substrate binding, the enzyme changes its shape (conformation) so that the active site becomes even more precise in its ability to bind the substrate. 
B)  Just before substrate binding, the substrate changes its shape (conformation) so that the active site becomes even more precise in its ability to bind the enzyme. 
C)  Just before substrate binding, the enzyme changes its shape (conformation) so that the active site becomes even more precise in its ability to bind the substrate. 
D)  Just after substrate binding, the substrate changes its shape (conformation) so that the active site becomes even more precise in its ability to bind the enzyme. 
A)  Just after substrate binding, the enzyme changes its shape (conformation) so that the active site becomes even more precise in its ability to bind the substrate. 
B)  Just before substrate binding, the substrate changes its shape (conformation) so that the active site becomes even more precise in its ability to bind the enzyme. 
C)  Just before substrate binding, the enzyme changes its shape (conformation) so that the active site becomes even more precise in its ability to bind the substrate. 
D)  Just after substrate binding, the substrate changes its shape (conformation) so that the active site becomes even more precise in its ability to bind the enzyme.

Question 19

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term.
-a reaction where ΔG is positive
A)endergonic
B)exergonic
C)equilibrium

Accepted Answer

The answer of For each situation, choose the most appropriate...

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct pair based on their shared characteristics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Earth and a closed system 
B)  the universe and an open system 
C)  an ocean and a closed system 
D)  an ocean and an isolated system 
A)  Earth and a closed system 
B)  the universe and an open system 
C)  an ocean and a closed system 
D)  an ocean and an isolated system

Exam 3: Energy and Enzymes

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -a reaction where ΔG is negative A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

Which statement best describes the first law of thermodynamics?

Explain three ways in which other molecules regulate enzymes.

Suppose you decide to alter the rate of a reaction. Which of the following would you do to reverse the enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

Figure 3-3 -Refer to Figure 3-3. Which sentence best describes the process of noncompetitive feedback inhibition?

Which of the following describes the main mechanism of enzymes?

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -a toddler dumping boxes of toys A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

What is the difference between cofactors and coenzymes?

Which of the following is a closed system?

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy?

Figure 3-5 -Refer to the graph in Figure 3-5. Which phrase best describes what the graph represents?

Enzyme activity is increased by falling temperatures.

Which of the following occurs when there are more reactants than products for a reaction?

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -a dead cell A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

Which sentence best describes the situation that occurs when an enzyme and its substrate interact?

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -a reaction where ΔG is positive A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

Which of the following is a correct pair based on their shared characteristics?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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