Exam 3: Energy and Enzymes

Match each definition with the corresponding term. -allosteric regulation A)primary coupling agent in cellular reactions B)addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule C)product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity D)linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion E)series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme

Reactions that reach an equilibrium point are reversible.

Explain how a cell can use catabolic reactions to drive anabolic reactions, despite energy loss in the form of entropy and heat.

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -protein synthesis A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

What does it mean that cells are open systems?

Enzymes work with at least three mechanisms. Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which enzymes function?

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -digestion of a candy bar A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -folding laundry A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

When ATP is split into ADP and P_i, what happens to the energy that gets released?

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -a beaker of water sitting on a bench A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

Figure 3-2 -Which sentence best describes the process of competitive inhibition? Refer to Figure 3-2.

Which of the following best describes an ocean as an open system?

Which of the following is Earth an example of?

Match each definition with the corresponding term. -catalyst A)primary coupling agent in cellular reactions B)addition of a phosphate group to a target molecule C)product of the reaction interacts with an enzyme in a noncompetitive way to inhibit or enhance enzyme activity D)linking of an exergonic reaction with an endergonic reaction that allows a cell to drive a nonspontaneous reaction to completion E)series of chemical reactions where the products of one reaction are the reactants for a subsequent reaction F)substance that facilitates a chemical reaction without itself being consumed by the reaction G)energy needed to start a reaction, be it endergonic or exergonic H)portion of the enzyme that binds to a reactant or reactants I)state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction J)intermediate arrangement of unstable bonds between atoms that can proceed toward either the reactants or the products of a reaction K)reactant molecule that binds to an enzyme

Activation energy is not required for nonspontaneous reactions.

Which of the following is an exergonic reaction?

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -the rate of synthesis equals the rate of degradation A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

At equilibrium, the concentration of the reactants equals the concentration of the products.

For each situation, choose the most appropriate term. -a reaction where ΔG = 0 A)endergonic B)exergonic C)equilibrium

Figure 3-5 -According to the graph in Figure 3-5, what is the optimal pH for enzyme 2?