Question 1

In mammals, which structure does the urine drain out of before entering a collecting duct?

Accepted Answer

A)  the distal convoluted tubule 
B)  the descending segment of the loop of Henle 
C)  the proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  the ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
A)  the distal convoluted tubule 
B)  the descending segment of the loop of Henle 
C)  the proximal convoluted tubule 
D)  the ascending segment of the loop of Henle

Question 2

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-site where water and small substances are first passed into the nephron

Accepted Answer

A) ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) Bowman's capsule 
D) descending segment of the loop of Henle 
E) distal convoluted tubule 
A) ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) Bowman's capsule 
D) descending segment of the loop of Henle 
E) distal convoluted tubule

Question 3

What is the name of the tube through which urine leaves the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)  renal vein 
B)  collecting duct 
C)  urethra 
D)  renal pelvis 
A)  renal vein 
B)  collecting duct 
C)  urethra 
D)  renal pelvis

Question 4

In which group are protonephridia found?

Accepted Answer

A)  in mammals 
B)  in annelids 
C)  in insects 
D)  in flatworms 
A)  in mammals 
B)  in annelids 
C)  in insects 
D)  in flatworms

Question 5

In mammals, where in the kidney should you expect to find cells with the highest concentration of compounds affecting osmosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bowman's capsule 
B)  renal cortex 
C)  renal medulla 
D)  renal pelvis 
A)  Bowman's capsule 
B)  renal cortex 
C)  renal medulla 
D)  renal pelvis

Question 6

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-site of reabsorption of nearly all glucose

Accepted Answer

A) ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) Bowman's capsule 
D) descending segment of the loop of Henle 
E) distal convoluted tubule 
A) ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) Bowman's capsule 
D) descending segment of the loop of Henle 
E) distal convoluted tubule

Question 7

Which process involves the transfer of heat from the surface of a body to a fluid that passes over the body's surface?

Accepted Answer

A)  convection 
B)  evaporation 
C)  radiation 
D)  conduction 
A)  convection 
B)  evaporation 
C)  radiation 
D)  conduction

Question 8

What is the name of the tubules in true kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  metanephridia 
B)  protonephridia 
C)  hepatic tubules 
D)  nephrons 
A)  metanephridia 
B)  protonephridia 
C)  hepatic tubules 
D)  nephrons

Question 9

What is the name of the tubules that make up the excretory systems used by most annelids and adult molluscs?

Accepted Answer

A)  hepatic tubules 
B)  nephrons 
C)  metanephridia 
D)  Malpighian tubules 
A)  hepatic tubules 
B)  nephrons 
C)  metanephridia 
D)  Malpighian tubules

Question 10

In humans, what is brown adipose tissue used for?

Accepted Answer

A)  for controlling blood pressure 
B)  for digesting fats 
C)  for nonshivering thermogenesis 
D)  for cooling the body when it is exposed 
A)  for controlling blood pressure 
B)  for digesting fats 
C)  for nonshivering thermogenesis 
D)  for cooling the body when it is exposed

Question 11

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-site of over half of the water reabsorption from the filtrate

Accepted Answer

A) ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) Bowman's capsule 
D) descending segment of the loop of Henle 
E) distal convoluted tubule 
A) ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) Bowman's capsule 
D) descending segment of the loop of Henle 
E) distal convoluted tubule

Question 12

Which term refers to physiological changes in ectotherms, known to occur when they get used to temperature rising in the summer?

Accepted Answer

A)  estivation 
B)  thermal acclimatization 
C)  hypothermia 
D)  hyperthermia 
A)  estivation 
B)  thermal acclimatization 
C)  hypothermia 
D)  hyperthermia

Question 13

What is typical osmolarity of body fluids in most marine invertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  about 1500 mOsm/L 
B)  about 1000 mOsm/L 
C)  about 225 mOsm/L 
D)  about 5 mOsm/L 
A)  about 1500 mOsm/L 
B)  about 1000 mOsm/L 
C)  about 225 mOsm/L 
D)  about 5 mOsm/L

Question 14

What is the main form of nitrogenous waste that is excreted from Malpighian tubules?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  uric acid 
C)  ammonia 
D)  nitrate 
A)  urea 
B)  uric acid 
C)  ammonia 
D)  nitrate

Question 15

Suppose sugar is taken out of an excretory system tubule and put back into the blood. What would this process be an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  secretion 
B)  release 
C)  filtration 
D)  reabsorption 
A)  secretion 
B)  release 
C)  filtration 
D)  reabsorption

Question 16

What is the main form of nitrogenous waste released by birds to their environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  urea 
B)  nitrate 
C)  ammonia 
D)  uric acid 
A)  urea 
B)  nitrate 
C)  ammonia 
D)  uric acid

Question 17

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once.
-tubule segment that usually has the largest increase in osmolarity

Accepted Answer

A) ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) Bowman's capsule 
D) descending segment of the loop of Henle 
E) distal convoluted tubule 
A) ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
B) proximal convoluted tubule 
C) Bowman's capsule 
D) descending segment of the loop of Henle 
E) distal convoluted tubule

Question 18

In mammals, which of the following excretory tubule segments consumes the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Bowman's capsule 
B)  the proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  the distal convoluted tubule 
D)  the ascending segment of the loop of Henle 
A)  the Bowman's capsule 
B)  the proximal convoluted tubule 
C)  the distal convoluted tubule 
D)  the ascending segment of the loop of Henle

Question 19

Which term refers to the movement of some molecules and ions out of the excretory system tubules and back into body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  reabsorption 
B)  release 
C)  filtration 
D)  secretion 
A)  reabsorption 
B)  release 
C)  filtration 
D)  secretion

Question 20

What is the name of the tubules that make up the relatively simple excretory system used by flatworms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Malpighian tubules 
B)  nephrons 
C)  metanephridia 
D)  protonephridia 
A)  Malpighian tubules 
B)  nephrons 
C)  metanephridia 
D)  protonephridia

Exam 42: Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

In mammals, which structure does the urine drain out of before entering a collecting duct?

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -site where water and small substances are first passed into the nephron

What is the name of the tube through which urine leaves the urinary bladder?

In which group are protonephridia found?

In mammals, where in the kidney should you expect to find cells with the highest concentration of compounds affecting osmosis?

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -site of reabsorption of nearly all glucose

Which process involves the transfer of heat from the surface of a body to a fluid that passes over the body's surface?

What is the name of the tubules in true kidneys?

What is the name of the tubules that make up the excretory systems used by most annelids and adult molluscs?

In humans, what is brown adipose tissue used for?

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -site of over half of the water reabsorption from the filtrate

Which term refers to physiological changes in ectotherms, known to occur when they get used to temperature rising in the summer?

What is typical osmolarity of body fluids in most marine invertebrates?

What is the main form of nitrogenous waste that is excreted from Malpighian tubules?

Suppose sugar is taken out of an excretory system tubule and put back into the blood. What would this process be an example of?

What is the main form of nitrogenous waste released by birds to their environment?

Match each description to a nephron tubule portion. Nephron tubule portions can be used more than once. -tubule segment that usually has the largest increase in osmolarity

In mammals, which of the following excretory tubule segments consumes the most ATP?

Which term refers to the movement of some molecules and ions out of the excretory system tubules and back into body fluids?

What is the name of the tubules that make up the relatively simple excretory system used by flatworms?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

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