Question 1

How efficient is cellular respiration in extracting the energy stored in the bonds of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  close to 60% efficient 
B)  close to 40% efficient 
C)  close to 20% efficient 
D)  close to 10% efficient 
A)  close to 60% efficient 
B)  close to 40% efficient 
C)  close to 20% efficient 
D)  close to 10% efficient

Question 2

What are the functions of cytochrome c and ubiquinone?

Accepted Answer

A)  They shuttle electrons between the protein complexes. 
B)  They synthesize water from molecular oxygen. 
C)  They translocate protons from the matrix to the inner mitochondrial space. 
D)  They produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. 
A)  They shuttle electrons between the protein complexes. 
B)  They synthesize water from molecular oxygen. 
C)  They translocate protons from the matrix to the inner mitochondrial space. 
D)  They produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation.

Question 3

Refer to the illustration of a mitochondrion. Match the labelled parts of the mitochondrion with the steps of cellular respiration. A labelled part may be used once, more than once, or not at all.  
-oxidative phosphorylation
A)outer mitochondrial membrane
B)intermembrane compartment
C)cytosol
D)inner mitochondrial membrane
E)matrix

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the illustration of a mitochondrion....

Question 4

Glycolysis can take place in the absence of which of the following small molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  oxygen 
C)  NAD+ 
D)  ADP 
A)  ATP 
B)  oxygen 
C)  NAD+ 
D)  ADP

Question 5

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of supply and demand in cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fatty acids can be used as a source of energy by being reduced to acetyl-CoA. 
B)  Fatty acids can be used as a source of energy by being oxidized to acetyl-CoA 
C)  Fatty acids can be used as a source of energy by being oxidized to acetyl-CoA. 
D)  Fatty acids can be used as a source of energy by being reduced to acetyl-CoA 
A)  Fatty acids can be used as a source of energy by being reduced to acetyl-CoA. 
B)  Fatty acids can be used as a source of energy by being oxidized to acetyl-CoA 
C)  Fatty acids can be used as a source of energy by being oxidized to acetyl-CoA. 
D)  Fatty acids can be used as a source of energy by being reduced to acetyl-CoA

Question 6

Refer to the illustration of a mitochondrion. Match the labelled parts of the mitochondrion with the steps of cellular respiration. A labelled part may be used once, more than once, or not at all.  
-ATP synthesis
A)outer mitochondrial membrane
B)intermembrane compartment
C)cytosol
D)inner mitochondrial membrane
E)matrix

Accepted Answer

The answer of Refer to the illustration of a mitochondrion....

Question 7

What is the proton-motive force used for?

Accepted Answer

A)  only to drive rotation of flagella in eukaryotes 
B)  only for ATP synthesis in bacteria 
C)  ATP synthesis and driving rotation of flagella in bacteria 
D)  ATP synthesis and driving rotation of flagella in eukaryotes 
A)  only to drive rotation of flagella in eukaryotes 
B)  only for ATP synthesis in bacteria 
C)  ATP synthesis and driving rotation of flagella in bacteria 
D)  ATP synthesis and driving rotation of flagella in eukaryotes

Question 8

During glycolysis, ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

During which stage of cellular respiration is CO2 released?

Accepted Answer

A)  during the citric acid cycle 
B)  during glycolysis 
C)  during electron transport system 
D)  during both pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle 
A)  during the citric acid cycle 
B)  during glycolysis 
C)  during electron transport system 
D)  during both pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle

Question 10

It has been thought that many human diseases are now associated with malfunctioning mitochondria. Why are the mitochondria so important to all cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  They generate heat to keep the body warm. 
B)  They produce energy in the form of ATP. 
C)  They are extremely large. 
D)  They are ancestral and were acquired by symbiosis. 
A)  They generate heat to keep the body warm. 
B)  They produce energy in the form of ATP. 
C)  They are extremely large. 
D)  They are ancestral and were acquired by symbiosis.

Question 11

Which molecules are responsible for delivering the high-energy electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron transfer system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cyt C and Q 
B)  NADH and Cyt C 
C)  FADH2 and Q 
D)  NADH and FADH2 
A)  Cyt C and Q 
B)  NADH and Cyt C 
C)  FADH2 and Q 
D)  NADH and FADH2

Question 12

Which cellular respiration process is absolutely dependent upon a supply of NADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycolysis 
B)  the electron transfer system 
C)  pyruvate oxidation 
D)  the citric acid cycle 
A)  glycolysis 
B)  the electron transfer system 
C)  pyruvate oxidation 
D)  the citric acid cycle

Question 13

What molecule is a product of each of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  FADH2 
C)  NADH 
D)  H2O 
A)  ATP 
B)  FADH2 
C)  NADH 
D)  H2O

Question 14

The main purpose of fermentation is to regenerate NADH and FADH2.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of these processes actually produces a significant quantity of ATP during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvate oxidation 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  oxidative phosphorylation 
D)  the citric acid cycle 
A)  pyruvate oxidation 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  oxidative phosphorylation 
D)  the citric acid cycle

Question 16

Which of the following is the best line of evidence for glycolysis being an ancient pathway?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glycolysis occurs in mitochondria. 
B)  Glycolysis is universal. 
C)  Glycolysis is highly regulated. 
D)  Glycolysis is complicated. 
A)  Glycolysis occurs in mitochondria. 
B)  Glycolysis is universal. 
C)  Glycolysis is highly regulated. 
D)  Glycolysis is complicated.

Question 17

Ultimately, the carbon molecules in pyruvate become integrated into which of the following molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)  CoA 
B)  ATP 
C)  CO2 
D)  acetate 
A)  CoA 
B)  ATP 
C)  CO2 
D)  acetate

Question 18

Suppose that the proton gradient was destroyed and ATP was no longer produced by oxidative phosphorylation. Which statement describes what happens to these protons as they re-enter the mitochondrial matrix?

Accepted Answer

A)  They help in the production of CO2. 
B)  They are attached to NAD+ and FAD. 
C)  They synthesize ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. 
D)  They combine with oxygen to form water. 
A)  They help in the production of CO2. 
B)  They are attached to NAD+ and FAD. 
C)  They synthesize ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. 
D)  They combine with oxygen to form water.

Question 19

Where do the electrons that ubiquinone accepts come from?

Accepted Answer

A)  complexes I and II 
B)  complexes I and III 
C)  complexes II and III 
D)  complexes III and IV 
A)  complexes I and II 
B)  complexes I and III 
C)  complexes II and III 
D)  complexes III and IV

Question 20

Oxygen acts as a final electron acceptor in respiration. Which molecule is it ultimately converted into?

Accepted Answer

A)  water 
B)  CO2 
C)  ATP 
D)  glucose 
A)  water 
B)  CO2 
C)  ATP 
D)  glucose

Exam 5: Cellular Respiration

How efficient is cellular respiration in extracting the energy stored in the bonds of glucose?

What are the functions of cytochrome c and ubiquinone?

Glycolysis can take place in the absence of which of the following small molecules?

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of supply and demand in cells?

What is the proton-motive force used for?

During glycolysis, ATP is produced by oxidative phosphorylation.

During which stage of cellular respiration is CO2 released?

It has been thought that many human diseases are now associated with malfunctioning mitochondria. Why are the mitochondria so important to all cells?

Which molecules are responsible for delivering the high-energy electrons from the citric acid cycle to the electron transfer system?

Which cellular respiration process is absolutely dependent upon a supply of NADH?

What molecule is a product of each of glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle?

The main purpose of fermentation is to regenerate NADH and FADH2.

Which of these processes actually produces a significant quantity of ATP during cellular respiration?

Which of the following is the best line of evidence for glycolysis being an ancient pathway?

Ultimately, the carbon molecules in pyruvate become integrated into which of the following molecules?

Suppose that the proton gradient was destroyed and ATP was no longer produced by oxidative phosphorylation. Which statement describes what happens to these protons as they re-enter the mitochondrial matrix?

Where do the electrons that ubiquinone accepts come from?

Oxygen acts as a final electron acceptor in respiration. Which molecule is it ultimately converted into?

Light and Life

The Cell: an Overview

Energy and Enzymes

Cell Membranes and Signaling

Photosynthesis

Cell Cycles

Genetic Recombination

The Chromosomal Basis of Mendelian Inheritance

Genetic Linkage, Sex-Linkage, and Other Non-Mendelian Inheritance Mechanisms

DNA Structure, Replication, and Repair

Gene Structure Expression, and Mutation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Dna Technologies

Genomes

Evolution: the Development of the Theory

Microevolution: Changes Within Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

Systematics and Phylogenetics: Revealing the Tree of Life

Humans and Evolution

Defining Life and Its Origins

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions: Infectious Biological Particles

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Fungi

Plants

Animals

Conservation of Biodiversity

Population Ecology

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Animal Behaviour

Organization of the Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Nutrition

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Animal Nutrition

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Internal Transport: the Circulatory System

Regulation of the Internal Environment: Water, Solutes, and Temperature

Control of Animal Processes: Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction

Control of Animal Processes: Neural Control

Muscles, Skeletons, and Body Movements

Filters

During which stage of cellular respiration is CO₂ released?

The main purpose of fermentation is to regenerate NADH and FADH₂.