Exam 13: Forensic Toxicology

A(n)________ should be added to the blood sample to prevent clotting.

Carbon monoxide in the bloodstream combines with ________, reducing the amount of hemoglobin left to carry oxygen.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Excretion

About 95-98 percent of alcohol is oxidized to water and ________.

The federal government set the maximum allowable blood alcohol concentration for commercial truck and bus drivers at:

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Anticoagulant

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Oxidation

In forensic toxicology, all positive drug findings must be confirmed by a specific chemical test. The confirmation test of choice is:

Field sobriety tests that can be employed to ascertain the degree of an individual's alcohol impairment normally do NOT include the following:

Field sobriety tests do NOT include:

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which is NOT a widely used screening tool in the toxicology lab?

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Preservative

Carbon monoxide is toxic because it:

During the period of absorption, the concentration of alcohol in arterial blood is ________ the concentration of alcohol in venous blood.

Alcohol is the most widely abused drug in Western countries.

The implied-consent law allows the operator of a motor vehicle on a public highway to refuse a test for alcohol intoxication.

After a blood sample is collected for alcohol testing, a(n)________ is added to stop the blood from clotting.

The elimination or "burn off" rate of alcohol averages ________ percent w/v per hour.

Upon entering the bloodstream, heroin is almost immediately metabolized into: