Exam 12: Drugs

A ________ may be defined as a natural or synthetic substance that is used to produce physiological or psychological effects in humans or other animals.

Potential medical uses of marijuana include reduction of eye pressure in ________, lessening of nausea caused by anticancer drugs, and as a muscle relaxant.

Many factors affect the intensity of drug dependence in any given individual. For each item of information about a drug abuser's life given below, indicate whether the factor would likely yield a high (+)or low (-)level of dependence. a. daily, scheduled use of small to moderate amounts of a drug b. occasional use of large amounts of a drug c. user's expectation of significant effects of a drug d. use of drug by direct injection into the user's bloodstream e. user's intense need to escape from reality of his or her life and circumstances f. frequent use of drug by user's family or friends g. use of drug with no potential for negative symptoms following withdrawal

Gas chromatography cannot be considered an absolute means of identification.

Briefly describe the basic process of spectrophotometry.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Synthetic compounds, chemically related to the male sex hormone testosterone, that are used to promote muscle growth B)Any of several analytical techniques for separating mixtures into their components by attraction to a stationary phase while being propelled by a moving phase C)A substance that slows down the functions of the central nervous system D)A substance that induces changes in normal thought processes, perceptions, and moods E)An analytical method for identifying a substance by its selective absorption of different wavelengths of light F)A single test that specifically identifies a substance G)Invisible long frequencies of light beyond violet in the visible spectrum H)Colored light ranging from red to violet in the electromagnetic spectrum I)A preliminary test used to reduce the number of possible identities of an unknown substance J)A test that identifies a specific substance based on the color and shape of crystals formed when the substance is mixed with specific reagents K)A substance that speeds up the activity of the central nervous system L)A substance that lessens or eliminates pain M)Invisible short frequencies of light before red in the visible spectrum N)The conditioned use of a drug caused by underlying emotional needs O)Physiological need for a drug brought about by its regular use and characterized by withdrawal sickness when administration of the drug is abruptly stopped P)Drug that induces sleep and depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate -Anabolic steroids

Heroin is typically snorted by addicts.

Heroin is a chemical derivative of:

A compound can tentatively be identified by gas chromatography from its retention time.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Synthetic compounds, chemically related to the male sex hormone testosterone, that are used to promote muscle growth B)Any of several analytical techniques for separating mixtures into their components by attraction to a stationary phase while being propelled by a moving phase C)A substance that slows down the functions of the central nervous system D)A substance that induces changes in normal thought processes, perceptions, and moods E)An analytical method for identifying a substance by its selective absorption of different wavelengths of light F)A single test that specifically identifies a substance G)Invisible long frequencies of light beyond violet in the visible spectrum H)Colored light ranging from red to violet in the electromagnetic spectrum I)A preliminary test used to reduce the number of possible identities of an unknown substance J)A test that identifies a specific substance based on the color and shape of crystals formed when the substance is mixed with specific reagents K)A substance that speeds up the activity of the central nervous system L)A substance that lessens or eliminates pain M)Invisible short frequencies of light before red in the visible spectrum N)The conditioned use of a drug caused by underlying emotional needs O)Physiological need for a drug brought about by its regular use and characterized by withdrawal sickness when administration of the drug is abruptly stopped P)Drug that induces sleep and depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate -Screening test

The Van Urk reagent was used to test a sample and it turned bluish-purple. This indicates the presence of:

TLC uses ________ as its moving phase.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Synthetic compounds, chemically related to the male sex hormone testosterone, that are used to promote muscle growth B)Any of several analytical techniques for separating mixtures into their components by attraction to a stationary phase while being propelled by a moving phase C)A substance that slows down the functions of the central nervous system D)A substance that induces changes in normal thought processes, perceptions, and moods E)An analytical method for identifying a substance by its selective absorption of different wavelengths of light F)A single test that specifically identifies a substance G)Invisible long frequencies of light beyond violet in the visible spectrum H)Colored light ranging from red to violet in the electromagnetic spectrum I)A preliminary test used to reduce the number of possible identities of an unknown substance J)A test that identifies a specific substance based on the color and shape of crystals formed when the substance is mixed with specific reagents K)A substance that speeds up the activity of the central nervous system L)A substance that lessens or eliminates pain M)Invisible short frequencies of light before red in the visible spectrum N)The conditioned use of a drug caused by underlying emotional needs O)Physiological need for a drug brought about by its regular use and characterized by withdrawal sickness when administration of the drug is abruptly stopped P)Drug that induces sleep and depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate -Analgesic

A low dose of alcohol will NOT inhibit:

Which barbiturate is absorbed more slowly than the others?

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Synthetic compounds, chemically related to the male sex hormone testosterone, that are used to promote muscle growth B)Any of several analytical techniques for separating mixtures into their components by attraction to a stationary phase while being propelled by a moving phase C)A substance that slows down the functions of the central nervous system D)A substance that induces changes in normal thought processes, perceptions, and moods E)An analytical method for identifying a substance by its selective absorption of different wavelengths of light F)A single test that specifically identifies a substance G)Invisible long frequencies of light beyond violet in the visible spectrum H)Colored light ranging from red to violet in the electromagnetic spectrum I)A preliminary test used to reduce the number of possible identities of an unknown substance J)A test that identifies a specific substance based on the color and shape of crystals formed when the substance is mixed with specific reagents K)A substance that speeds up the activity of the central nervous system L)A substance that lessens or eliminates pain M)Invisible short frequencies of light before red in the visible spectrum N)The conditioned use of a drug caused by underlying emotional needs O)Physiological need for a drug brought about by its regular use and characterized by withdrawal sickness when administration of the drug is abruptly stopped P)Drug that induces sleep and depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate -Spectrophotometry

Which absorption spectrum is equivalent to a "fingerprint" of a substance and can be used for identification purposes?

Duquenois-Levine solutions were used on a sample and the chloroform layer turned purple. This suggests that the tested substance is:

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Synthetic compounds, chemically related to the male sex hormone testosterone, that are used to promote muscle growth B)Any of several analytical techniques for separating mixtures into their components by attraction to a stationary phase while being propelled by a moving phase C)A substance that slows down the functions of the central nervous system D)A substance that induces changes in normal thought processes, perceptions, and moods E)An analytical method for identifying a substance by its selective absorption of different wavelengths of light F)A single test that specifically identifies a substance G)Invisible long frequencies of light beyond violet in the visible spectrum H)Colored light ranging from red to violet in the electromagnetic spectrum I)A preliminary test used to reduce the number of possible identities of an unknown substance J)A test that identifies a specific substance based on the color and shape of crystals formed when the substance is mixed with specific reagents K)A substance that speeds up the activity of the central nervous system L)A substance that lessens or eliminates pain M)Invisible short frequencies of light before red in the visible spectrum N)The conditioned use of a drug caused by underlying emotional needs O)Physiological need for a drug brought about by its regular use and characterized by withdrawal sickness when administration of the drug is abruptly stopped P)Drug that induces sleep and depresses vital body functions such as blood pressure, pulse rate, and breathing rate -Ultraviolet

An unknown white powder was located at a crime scene. Describe an analytical scheme, in proper order, to identify the drug or drugs which may be present in the powder. For each step, note whether it is a screening or confirmatory test and why it should be used.