Exam 13: Forensic Toxicology

A toxicologist is asked to draw conclusions about a subject's drug-induced behavior. What factors aside from blood concentration levels can have an effect on the toxicologist's findings?

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Vein

To analyze blood for alcohol, forensic labs normally use:

Which is NOT a factor in determining the rate at which alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream?

A screening test gives quick insight into the likelihood that a specimen contains a drug substance while a confirmation test identifies a specific drug.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Metabolism

For a longer total time required for complete absorption, the peak blood-alcohol concentration will be lower.

What are alveoli and what role do they play in circulation?

The amount of alcohol exhaled in the breath is in indirect proportion to the concentration of alcohol in the blood.

There is a(n)________ relationship between the amount of alcohol in the blood and that in the alveolar breath.

For the purpose of extracting the drug out of body tissues, an amphetamine is classified as an:

Blood is drawn from a living suspect involved in an automobile accident. If the specimen is kept unrefrigerated and at a moderately warm temperature, the alcohol concentration can be expected to:

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Acid

Arteries carry blood ________ from the heart while veins carry blood toward the heart.

Field sobriety tests include psychophysical tests and a breath test.

The blood alcohol concentration level for being presumed to be legally "under the influence" in most states is:

A neutral substance will have a pH closest to:

Some breath-testing devices for alcohol use ________ light to measure the quantity of alcohol trapped in a chamber.

The drug recognition expert evaluation process can suggest the presence of how many broad categories of drugs?

Alcohol tends to be distributed throughout the watery parts of the body.