Question 1

European psychology after 1930:

Accepted Answer

A)  prospered from governmental support. 
B)  withered in the political turmoil. 
C)  was absorbed into Soviet reflexology. 
D)  was dominated by psychoanalysis. 
E)  was dominated by behaviorism. 
A)  prospered from governmental support. 
B)  withered in the political turmoil. 
C)  was absorbed into Soviet reflexology. 
D)  was dominated by psychoanalysis. 
E)  was dominated by behaviorism. B

Question 2

Thorndike's original law of effect stated:

Accepted Answer

A)  symmetrical punishment and reward effects. 
B)  asymmetrical punishment and reward effects. 
C)  punishment produces new responses while reward is reinforcing. 
D)  positive reinforcement is more effective than negative reinforcement. 
E)  negative reinforcement is better than positive reinforcement. 
A)  symmetrical punishment and reward effects. 
B)  asymmetrical punishment and reward effects. 
C)  punishment produces new responses while reward is reinforcing. 
D)  positive reinforcement is more effective than negative reinforcement. 
E)  negative reinforcement is better than positive reinforcement. A

Question 3

One precursor of Watson's behaviorism may be found in the French philosophical tradition that:

Accepted Answer

A)  favored mental passivity. 
B)  accepted Cartesian dualism. 
C)  denied the existence of external matter. 
D)  rejected Descartes' unextended substance as unnecessary. 
E)  accepted the inherent structure of the mind. 
A)  favored mental passivity. 
B)  accepted Cartesian dualism. 
C)  denied the existence of external matter. 
D)  rejected Descartes' unextended substance as unnecessary. 
E)  accepted the inherent structure of the mind. D

Question 4

Watson's behaviorism included:

Accepted Answer

A)  consciousness. 
B)  mental elements. 
C)  central events. 
D)  peripheral events. 
E)  physiological mediation. 
A)  consciousness. 
B)  mental elements. 
C)  central events. 
D)  peripheral events. 
E)  physiological mediation.

Question 5

Cognitive psychology has brought the behavioral model back to a consideration of:

Accepted Answer

A)  consciousness. 
B)  acts. 
C)  sensations. 
D)  immediate experience. 
E)  perceptual illusions. 
A)  consciousness. 
B)  acts. 
C)  sensations. 
D)  immediate experience. 
E)  perceptual illusions.

Question 6

Skinner argued that to be truly human means to have:

Accepted Answer

A)  freedom. 
B)  inner superiority. 
C)  control. 
D)  social interactions. 
E)  understanding and insight. 
A)  freedom. 
B)  inner superiority. 
C)  control. 
D)  social interactions. 
E)  understanding and insight.

Question 7

Many applications of neo-Hullian and operant research contributed to:

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive psychology. 
B)  reinforcement theory. 
C)  reflexology. 
D)  physiological psychology. 
E)  behavior modification. 
A)  cognitive psychology. 
B)  reinforcement theory. 
C)  reflexology. 
D)  physiological psychology. 
E)  behavior modification.

Question 8

One problem with the law of effect concerns:

Accepted Answer

A)  its symmetry. 
B)  its asymmetry. 
C)  the mechanism that recognizes effects. 
D)  the role of sensory mediation of effects. 
E)  the role of reinforcement in learning. 
A)  its symmetry. 
B)  its asymmetry. 
C)  the mechanism that recognizes effects. 
D)  the role of sensory mediation of effects. 
E)  the role of reinforcement in learning.

Question 9

Guthrie, Hull, and Tolman agreed:

Accepted Answer

A)  on the nature of reinforcement. 
B)  with a common definition of behavior. 
C)  with the cognitive approach to learning. 
D)  on the incremental character of acquisition. 
E)  on the need to expand Watsonian behaviorism. 
A)  on the nature of reinforcement. 
B)  with a common definition of behavior. 
C)  with the cognitive approach to learning. 
D)  on the incremental character of acquisition. 
E)  on the need to expand Watsonian behaviorism.

Question 10

The logical positivism movement supported:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Gestalt movement. 
B)  an objective psychology. 
C)  the psychology of nonsensory consciousness. 
D)  a nonmaterialistic correlate of psychology. 
E)  the physiological correlate of psychology. 
A)  the Gestalt movement. 
B)  an objective psychology. 
C)  the psychology of nonsensory consciousness. 
D)  a nonmaterialistic correlate of psychology. 
E)  the physiological correlate of psychology.

Question 11

A conditioned stimulus is:

Accepted Answer

A)  an external event that naturally elicits a reflex. 
B)  an external event that is neutral with respect to a reflex before training. 
C)  a reaction elicited naturally by a stimulus. 
D)  a reaction elicited after pairings with a stimulus. 
E)  an association mediated by the cortex. 
A)  an external event that naturally elicits a reflex. 
B)  an external event that is neutral with respect to a reflex before training. 
C)  a reaction elicited naturally by a stimulus. 
D)  a reaction elicited after pairings with a stimulus. 
E)  an association mediated by the cortex.

Question 12

Information processing, mathematical models of learning are inherently:

Accepted Answer

A)  poor predictors. 
B)  elementaristic. 
C)  holistic. 
D)  reinforcement based. 
E)  random. 
A)  poor predictors. 
B)  elementaristic. 
C)  holistic. 
D)  reinforcement based. 
E)  random.

Question 13

Holt, Weiss, Hunter, and Lashley all:

Accepted Answer

A)  supported Watson. 
B)  refuted Watson. 
C)  accepted the physiological determinants of behaviorism. 
D)  moved away from Watson's extreme position. 
E)  favored the admission to psychology of the data of consciousness. 
A)  supported Watson. 
B)  refuted Watson. 
C)  accepted the physiological determinants of behaviorism. 
D)  moved away from Watson's extreme position. 
E)  favored the admission to psychology of the data of consciousness.

Question 14

Konorski's goal was to integrate within a single perspective the works of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Stumpf and Wertheimer. 
B)  Wundt and Fechner. 
C)  Helmholtz and Purkinje. 
D)  Pavlov and Sechenov. 
E)  Pavlov and Sherrington. 
A)  Stumpf and Wertheimer. 
B)  Wundt and Fechner. 
C)  Helmholtz and Purkinje. 
D)  Pavlov and Sechenov. 
E)  Pavlov and Sherrington.

Question 15

Internal mediational explanations imposed between stimulus and response elements were ermed by Hull as:

Accepted Answer

A)  molecular events. 
B)  molar units. 
C)  cortical effects. 
D)  intervening variables. 
E)  unconscious elements. 
A)  molecular events. 
B)  molar units. 
C)  cortical effects. 
D)  intervening variables. 
E)  unconscious elements.

Question 16

Skinner developed the notion of reinforcement-controlled ongoing behavioral levels of:

Accepted Answer

A)  reflexes. 
B)  operants. 
C)  molar units. 
D)  instrumental responses. 
E)  conditioned responses. 
A)  reflexes. 
B)  operants. 
C)  molar units. 
D)  instrumental responses. 
E)  conditioned responses.

Question 17

Contemporary behaviorism is largely held together by a consensus on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the definition of behavior. 
B)  empiricism. 
C)  the mechanics of behavior. 
D)  reinforcement. 
E)  applications. 
A)  the definition of behavior. 
B)  empiricism. 
C)  the mechanics of behavior. 
D)  reinforcement. 
E)  applications.

Question 18

Marx's (1963) description of the elements of theories is biased toward scientific approaches that are:

Accepted Answer

A)  intuitive. 
B)  phenomenological. 
C)  empirical. 
D)  idealistic. 
E)  analytical. 
A)  intuitive. 
B)  phenomenological. 
C)  empirical. 
D)  idealistic. 
E)  analytical.

Question 19

Perhaps the major problem with Hull's theory was its:

Accepted Answer

A)  molar structure. 
B)  reductionism. 
C)  materialism. 
D)  habit formation. 
E)  comprehensiveness. 
A)  molar structure. 
B)  reductionism. 
C)  materialism. 
D)  habit formation. 
E)  comprehensiveness.

Question 20

An unconditioned response is:

Accepted Answer

A)  an external event that naturally elicits a reflex. 
B)  an external event that is neutral with respect to a reflex before training. 
C)  a reaction elicited naturally by a stimulus. 
D)  a reaction elicited after pairings with a stimulus. 
E)  an association mediated by the cortex. 
A)  an external event that naturally elicits a reflex. 
B)  an external event that is neutral with respect to a reflex before training. 
C)  a reaction elicited naturally by a stimulus. 
D)  a reaction elicited after pairings with a stimulus. 
E)  an association mediated by the cortex.

European psychology after 1930:

Thorndike's original law of effect stated:

One precursor of Watson's behaviorism may be found in the French philosophical tradition that:

Watson's behaviorism included:

Cognitive psychology has brought the behavioral model back to a consideration of:

Skinner argued that to be truly human means to have:

Many applications of neo-Hullian and operant research contributed to:

One problem with the law of effect concerns:

Guthrie, Hull, and Tolman agreed:

The logical positivism movement supported:

A conditioned stimulus is:

Information processing, mathematical models of learning are inherently:

Holt, Weiss, Hunter, and Lashley all:

Konorski's goal was to integrate within a single perspective the works of:

Internal mediational explanations imposed between stimulus and response elements were ermed by Hull as:

Skinner developed the notion of reinforcement-controlled ongoing behavioral levels of:

Contemporary behaviorism is largely held together by a consensus on:

Marx's (1963) description of the elements of theories is biased toward scientific approaches that are:

Perhaps the major problem with Hull's theory was its:

An unconditioned response is:

Past for Present: Psychology in Search of a Paradigm

Psychology in the Ancient and Classical East

Psychological Foundations in Ancient Greece

From Classical Rome to the Early Middle Ages

The Reawakening of Intellectual Life in the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

The Emergence of Modern Science

Sensationalism and Positivism: the French Tradition

Mental Passivity- the British Tradition

Mental Activity-the German Tradition

Romanticism and Existentialism

Nineteenth Century Bases of Psychology

The Founding of Modern Psychology

American Functionalism

The Gestalt Movement

Psychoanalysis

The Third Force Movement

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Exam 17: Behaviorism

European psychology after 1930:

Thorndike's original law of effect stated:

One precursor of Watson's behaviorism may be found in the French philosophical tradition that:

Watson's behaviorism included:

Cognitive psychology has brought the behavioral model back to a consideration of:

Skinner argued that to be truly human means to have:

Many applications of neo-Hullian and operant research contributed to:

One problem with the law of effect concerns:

Guthrie, Hull, and Tolman agreed:

The logical positivism movement supported:

A conditioned stimulus is:

Information processing, mathematical models of learning are inherently:

Holt, Weiss, Hunter, and Lashley all:

Konorski's goal was to integrate within a single perspective the works of:

Internal mediational explanations imposed between stimulus and response elements were ermed by Hull as:

Skinner developed the notion of reinforcement-controlled ongoing behavioral levels of:

Contemporary behaviorism is largely held together by a consensus on:

Marx's (1963) description of the elements of theories is biased toward scientific approaches that are:

Perhaps the major problem with Hull's theory was its:

An unconditioned response is:

Past for Present: Psychology in Search of a Paradigm

Psychology in the Ancient and Classical East

Psychological Foundations in Ancient Greece

From Classical Rome to the Early Middle Ages

The Reawakening of Intellectual Life in the Middle Ages

The Renaissance

The Emergence of Modern Science

Sensationalism and Positivism: the French Tradition

Mental Passivity- the British Tradition

Mental Activity-the German Tradition

Romanticism and Existentialism

Nineteenth Century Bases of Psychology

The Founding of Modern Psychology

American Functionalism

The Gestalt Movement

Psychoanalysis

The Third Force Movement

Filters