Question 1

Why do many people consider the open ocean to be an example of a commons?

Accepted Answer

A) It is because many different populations of fish congregate in the open ocean. 
B) It is because no one owns the oceans, the fisheries are international. 
C) It is because the open ocean is an excellent region for aquaculture. 
D) It is because there is a very high biodiversity in the open ocean. 
A) It is because many different populations of fish congregate in the open ocean. 
B) It is because no one owns the oceans, the fisheries are international. 
C) It is because the open ocean is an excellent region for aquaculture. 
D) It is because there is a very high biodiversity in the open ocean. B

Question 2

At least 87% of the world's fish stocks are considered over- exploited, fully exploited or depleted. The reason fisheries have experienced such pressure is because:

Accepted Answer

A) the growing human population requires protein, leading to a greater demand. 
B) technological advances allow us to fish so efficiently that every single fish is often removed from an area. 
C) given that no nation lays legal claim to the open ocean resources in the ocean are more susceptible to overuse and degradation than land resources. 
D) all of the above 
A) the growing human population requires protein, leading to a greater demand. 
B) technological advances allow us to fish so efficiently that every single fish is often removed from an area. 
C) given that no nation lays legal claim to the open ocean resources in the ocean are more susceptible to overuse and degradation than land resources. 
D) all of the above D

Question 3

Microscopic algae, also known as _________, produce food by photosynthesis and are the base of food webs in the pelagic environment.

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton

Question 4

El Niño-Southern Oscillation events:

Accepted Answer

A) are responsible for dramatic increases in the productivity of fisheries off South America. 
B) affect coastal areas of Peru around mid-summer each year. 
C) occur once or twice every century. 
D) alter both ocean and atmospheric circulation patterns. 
A) are responsible for dramatic increases in the productivity of fisheries off South America. 
B) affect coastal areas of Peru around mid-summer each year. 
C) occur once or twice every century. 
D) alter both ocean and atmospheric circulation patterns.

Question 5

What is bycatch?

Accepted Answer

A) Animals that are unintentionally caught by fishing vessels. 
B) Animals that die as a result of oil spills. 
C) Animals that captured for use in aquaculture operations. 
D) Fish that are caught but die before reaching markets or processing plants. 
A) Animals that are unintentionally caught by fishing vessels. 
B) Animals that die as a result of oil spills. 
C) Animals that captured for use in aquaculture operations. 
D) Fish that are caught but die before reaching markets or processing plants.

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT affect ocean currents?

Accepted Answer

A) Marine organisms 
B) Position of the continents 
C) Atmospheric temperatures 
D) Prevailing winds 
A) Marine organisms 
B) Position of the continents 
C) Atmospheric temperatures 
D) Prevailing winds

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The formation of UNCLOS was triggered as a result of industrialized countries' interest in removing manganese nodules from the ocean floor in the 1960s. 
B) Although the US has not ratified UNCLOS, but voluntarily observes its provisions. 
C) UNCLOS is considered a "constitution for the ocean," and its focus is the protection of ocean resources. 
D) UNCLOS was the first international treaty to regulate marine fishing by protecting "essential fish habitat" for more than 600 fish species, reducing overfishing, and minimizing bycatch. 
A) The formation of UNCLOS was triggered as a result of industrialized countries' interest in removing manganese nodules from the ocean floor in the 1960s. 
B) Although the US has not ratified UNCLOS, but voluntarily observes its provisions. 
C) UNCLOS is considered a "constitution for the ocean," and its focus is the protection of ocean resources. 
D) UNCLOS was the first international treaty to regulate marine fishing by protecting "essential fish habitat" for more than 600 fish species, reducing overfishing, and minimizing bycatch.

Question 8

Organic debris that drifts down into the deep waters of the oceanic province is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organic debris that drifts down into the...

Question 9

The U.N. International Maritime Organization's International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)regulations specifically address the following types of marine pollution caused by shipping EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) oil 
B) sewage 
C) garbage 
D) All the above pollutants are regulated by MARPOL 
A) oil 
B) sewage 
C) garbage 
D) All the above pollutants are regulated by MARPOL

Question 10

Why are marine biologists concerned about the changes shown in the graph?

Accepted Answer

A) Oscillations in water temperature lead to more severe El Niño events. 
B) Warming trends lead to increased coastal development and related habitat loss. 
C) Fish need warm water to breed, and many species may exceed their carrying capacities. 
D) Increasing water temperatures can lead to coral reef declines. 
A) Oscillations in water temperature lead to more severe El Niño events. 
B) Warming trends lead to increased coastal development and related habitat loss. 
C) Fish need warm water to breed, and many species may exceed their carrying capacities. 
D) Increasing water temperatures can lead to coral reef declines.

Question 11

What animals are the main consumers of kelp fronds and sea grass?

Accepted Answer

A) herbivores like green turtles and flat fish 
B) nekton like herring and baleen whales 
C) zooplankton like jellyfish and sea urchin larvae 
D) bacteria that form the base of the detritus food web 
A) herbivores like green turtles and flat fish 
B) nekton like herring and baleen whales 
C) zooplankton like jellyfish and sea urchin larvae 
D) bacteria that form the base of the detritus food web

Question 12

Bycatch includes the fishes, marine mammals, sea turtles, seabirds, and other animals caught unintentionally in a commercial fishing catch.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is not a method of catching fish?

Accepted Answer

A) longlines 
B) bycatch 
C) trawl bag 
D) drift nets 
A) longlines 
B) bycatch 
C) trawl bag 
D) drift nets

Question 14

The three areas that have seen the greatest depletion of global fish stocks are the northeastern and northwestern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Coral reefs in Australia and the Pacific Ocean are at the greatest risk of damage from human activities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Tiny aquatic organisms that drift with ocean currents and waves and form the base of the food chain in the neritic province are called:

Accepted Answer

A) phytoplankton 
B) nekton 
C) zooplankton 
D) zooxanthellae 
A) phytoplankton 
B) nekton 
C) zooplankton 
D) zooxanthellae

Question 17

This underwater meadow of kelp grasses is representative of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Bathyal zone 
B) Neritic province 
C) Oceanic province 
D) Pelagic environment 
A) Bathyal zone 
B) Neritic province 
C) Oceanic province 
D) Pelagic environment

Question 18

Explain the decline in populations of animals shown below. What is believed to be causing it? How is it impacting the ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

These are otters that live in cold Pacif

Question 19

The neritic environment is all ocean water, from the shoreline down to the deepest ocean trenches.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is the phenomenon indicated by the blue arrow in the figure below?

Accepted Answer

A) La Niña 
B) Ocean Gyres 
C) Trade Winds 
D) Upwelling 
A) La Niña 
B) Ocean Gyres 
C) Trade Winds 
D) Upwelling

Why do many people consider the open ocean to be an example of a commons?

At least 87% of the world's fish stocks are considered over- exploited, fully exploited or depleted. The reason fisheries have experienced such pressure is because:

Microscopic algae, also known as _________, produce food by photosynthesis and are the base of food webs in the pelagic environment.

El Niño-Southern Oscillation events:

What is bycatch?

Which of the following does NOT affect ocean currents?

Which of the following statements about the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)is FALSE?

Organic debris that drifts down into the deep waters of the oceanic province is known as __________.

The U.N. International Maritime Organization's International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)regulations specifically address the following types of marine pollution caused by shipping EXCEPT:

Why are marine biologists concerned about the changes shown in the graph?

What animals are the main consumers of kelp fronds and sea grass?

Bycatch includes the fishes, marine mammals, sea turtles, seabirds, and other animals caught unintentionally in a commercial fishing catch.

Which of the following is not a method of catching fish?

The three areas that have seen the greatest depletion of global fish stocks are the northeastern and northwestern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Coral reefs in Australia and the Pacific Ocean are at the greatest risk of damage from human activities.

Tiny aquatic organisms that drift with ocean currents and waves and form the base of the food chain in the neritic province are called:

This underwater meadow of kelp grasses is representative of which of the following?

Explain the decline in populations of animals shown below. What is believed to be causing it? How is it impacting the ecosystem?

The neritic environment is all ocean water, from the shoreline down to the deepest ocean trenches.

What is the phenomenon indicated by the blue arrow in the figure below?

The Environmental Challenges We Face

Sustainability and Human Values

Environmental History, Politics, and Economics

Risk Analysis and Environmental Health Hazards

How Ecosystems Work

Ecosystems and Evolution

Human Population Change and the Environment

Air and Air Pollution

Global Atmospheric Changes

Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution

Mineral and Soil Resources

Land Resources

Agriculture and Food Resources

Biodiversity and Conservation

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Renewable Energy Resources

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Exam 11: The Ocean and Fisheries

Why do many people consider the open ocean to be an example of a commons?

At least 87% of the world's fish stocks are considered over- exploited, fully exploited or depleted. The reason fisheries have experienced such pressure is because:

Microscopic algae, also known as _________, produce food by photosynthesis and are the base of food webs in the pelagic environment.

El Niño-Southern Oscillation events:

What is bycatch?

Which of the following does NOT affect ocean currents?

Which of the following statements about the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)is FALSE?

Organic debris that drifts down into the deep waters of the oceanic province is known as __________.

The U.N. International Maritime Organization's International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL)regulations specifically address the following types of marine pollution caused by shipping EXCEPT:

Why are marine biologists concerned about the changes shown in the graph?

What animals are the main consumers of kelp fronds and sea grass?

Bycatch includes the fishes, marine mammals, sea turtles, seabirds, and other animals caught unintentionally in a commercial fishing catch.

Which of the following is not a method of catching fish?

The three areas that have seen the greatest depletion of global fish stocks are the northeastern and northwestern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Coral reefs in Australia and the Pacific Ocean are at the greatest risk of damage from human activities.

Tiny aquatic organisms that drift with ocean currents and waves and form the base of the food chain in the neritic province are called:

This underwater meadow of kelp grasses is representative of which of the following?

Explain the decline in populations of animals shown below. What is believed to be causing it? How is it impacting the ecosystem?

The neritic environment is all ocean water, from the shoreline down to the deepest ocean trenches.

What is the phenomenon indicated by the blue arrow in the figure below?

The Environmental Challenges We Face

Sustainability and Human Values

Environmental History, Politics, and Economics

Risk Analysis and Environmental Health Hazards

How Ecosystems Work

Ecosystems and Evolution

Human Population Change and the Environment

Air and Air Pollution

Global Atmospheric Changes

Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution

Mineral and Soil Resources

Land Resources

Agriculture and Food Resources

Biodiversity and Conservation

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Renewable Energy Resources

Filters